初三英语语法总复习教案Word文件下载.docx

1、以o结尾的，只有tomato和potato是加-es，其余的都加-s，如：photo- radio- kilo- zero- zoo-特殊情况：man- woman- policeman- Englishman- Frenchman- 但：German- child- foot- tooth- 单、复同形：Chinese- Japanese- sheep-形式上是单数，实际上表复数概念：people，police 如：The people / police are working hard.有两种形式的：fish作“鱼”时，可数，其复数是 fish或fishes作“鱼肉”时，不可数。 复合名词

2、的复数形式：man player-men players ， woman doctor-women doctors ， apple tree-apple trees 4、不可数名词：无复数形式，不能与a /an或数词连用，必须用a cup of , a piece of , a pair of , some , much , so much , too much , little , a little , a lot of , lots of等表数量。much work, a little money, two bags of rice 注：一条裤子 a pair of trousers is

3、 The trousers are 一双袜子/鞋子 a pair of socks / shoes is My new shoes are 一副眼镜 a pair of glasses is 数杯橘子汁 glasses of oranges 数张纸 pieces of paper 如果这些短语中需要用形容词，形容词应该放在冠词后。 a full bottle of milk ten big pieces of paper 如果of 短语后的名词为可数名词时，必须用复数。 a bag of books a basket of apples a box of pens 5、名词的所有格：单数名词的

4、所有格：加 s the students book 以s结尾的单词, 加 James book复数名词的所有格：以s结尾的, 加 the students books a few years time twenty minutes walk不以结尾的,加 s childrens dolls mens shoes以and连接的：共同拥有，共同一个 s Lily and Lucys father is 分别拥有，每个名词后加 s Li Leis and Jims fathers无生命名词的所有格：表时间、距离、重量、世界、国家、城镇等的加s 或 s an hours walk , ten minu

5、tes talk , Chinas capital , （in） todays newspaper worlds population 用of短语。（语序与汉语不一致） a picture of my family , the classroom of our school , teachers of Class 1双重所有格：a friend of my brothers a new photo of minean old friend of Kates some flowers of hersthe name of her cat 表“在办公室”“在店/家”的名词所有格后面的名词常省去：a

6、t the doctors in Uncle Wangs in the teachers二、代词：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词 第一人称第二人称 第三人称单数复数单、复一样人称主格Iweyouhe /she / itthey代词宾格meushim / her / itthem物主形容词性物主代词myouryourhis / her / itstheir名词性物主代词mineoursyourshis / hers / itstheirs反身myselfourselvesyourselfhimselfthemselvesyourselvesherself / itself注：1）主格作主语，放在句

7、首。如果主语是几个并列代词时，You最前，I最后（你在前，我在后）。You, he and I are 但在表抱歉的句子中，I放在前，如：Sorry, I and Li Lei broke the glasses. 2）宾格作宾语，放在动词、介词后。放在动、副短语的之间。These are your things. Please put them away.3）形容词性物主代词后必须加名词。4）名词性物主代词后不能加名词，但相当于形容词性物主代词+名词。my book = mine his book = his her book = hers5）反身代词于动词、介词后作宾语。She teach

8、es herself English. She learns English by herself. 于句末加强语气，“亲自”。Youll see it yourself. 于主语后作同位语。He himself did it. 于固定短语中。enjoy oneself=have a good time=play happily be alone = all by oneself teach oneself sth. = learn sth. （all） by oneself leave sb. by oneself help oneself to sth. 指示代词：近指 this 复the

9、se 远指 that 复those1）打电话时用this 代替自己，that 代替对方。Hello! This is . Is that speaking?2）that / those可以用来代替前面提到过的人或物。This story is more interesting than that one.疑问代词、连接代词、关系代词：指人：who（主语） whom（宾语） whose（谁的） 指物：what whos（谁是） 指人/物：which1）The bag on the desk is Lucys. Whose is the bag on the desk?Lucys bag is o

10、n the desk. Whose bag is on the desk?2）What也可对人的职业、身份提问：What do you do? = What are you? What does she do? = What is she? 3）对某人的身高胖瘦提问用What：He is thin and tall. What is he like?不定代词：some 用于肯定句和表请求、征求意见的疑问句，如：Could you give me some? Would you like some? Why dont you give him some?any 用于否定句、疑问句、条件句，如：I

11、f you have any question to ask, you will call me. something / somebody / someone anything / anybody / anyone用法类似。 onethe other （一个另一个） 两者中一个，另一个onethe others（一个其余的） 多数中的一个，余下的全部 somethe others （一些其余的） 一些，余下的全部someothers （一些另一些）一些，余下的中的一部分another （另一个，又一个） 一个一个地连接，后+名单或few/数字+名复，如：another cake anothe

12、r two cakes = two more cakes1）the other和other后可加名词 2）the others和others后不加名词 3）the other / the others表特定范围内除去一部分后余下的全部。 4）other / others 表除去一部分后的另一些，但不是余下的全部。each强调个体，+名单（谓动：单） 两个或两个以上的每一个。each of +名复（谓动：单） Each woman has a book. = Each of the women has a book,every强调整体，+名单（谓动：单）三个或三个以上的每一个Every boy

13、likes 但Every of 1）Each of us has a room. = We have a room each. 2）each other 两者互相，于动词后，如：help each other understand each other each other的所有格each others，如：They filled each others stockings with presents.P.33）当each放在主语后时，谓动（复），如： We each have a book on the desk.4）one each 每人一个 both两者都否：neither两者都不+名单 Neither sentence is right. all 三者以上全都否：none三者以上全都不 both o