艾伦演讲中英文对照Word文档格式.docx

1、Beijing, China第四届证据理论与科学国际研讨会（中国北京）The Contribution of Evidence Science to the Rule of Lawand the Progression of Civilization证据科学对于法治和文明进程的贡献July 20-21, 20132013年7月20 21日Ronald J. Allen*罗纳德J. 艾伦 Thank you for those kind words of introduction. It is a great pleasure to be addressing you today, and a

2、distinct honor. I have been working with the faculty of CUPL and other Chinese Universities for over a decade now, and this is my fifteenth trip to China to do lectures and meet with colleagues concerning matters of mutual interest. What began for me as a somewhat exotic excursion into the law of an

3、other nation has now become a part of the fabric of my life. And as a teacher and scholar, it is particularly gratifying to see the great progress that has been made in China through the contributions of the many Chinese scholars I have been privileged to have study with me at Northwestern Universit

4、y, and with whom I have interacted over the years in China and the United States. 多谢刚才对我的美言介绍。非常高兴再次为你们演讲，这亦是一项殊荣。我与中国政法大学及其他中国高校的教师们合作迄今已经超过十年了，这是我第十五次来中国做演讲，并与有着共同关注的同仁们会面。一个起初对我来说不过是稍具异国情调的对别国法律的短暂关注，现在俨然已成为了我生命中的一部分。同时，作为一名教师和学者，看见中国通过许多我有曾幸在美国西北大学指导过的，以及多年以来在美国和中国与我保持互动关系的学者们之贡献而取得了巨大进步，对我来说尤其可

5、喜。The general title of this conference may appear a bit audacious. It is not often that a field of study implies through the title of its conferences that the scholars of that field believe that their efforts have contributed to the rule of law and the progression of civilization. Lest anyone think

6、that the Chinese scholars who have organized this conference have belied their normal humility, I should hasten to point out that I was the one who suggested the title. The reason I suggested it is that it hints at a great and significant truth, two truths really. First, that the field of evidence i

7、s critical to the rule of law, and second that the rule of law is critical to the progression of society. I would go further and say that the single most important field of study to the rule of law is evidence, and that society can only progress within the rule of law.这次大会的主题可能显得有些过于大胆了。一个研究领域通过其会议标

8、题暗示该领域的学者们相信他们的努力将有助于法治和文明进步，这并不常见。为避免有人认为组织本次大会的中国学者们有悖于他们日常的谦逊，我必须要抓紧指出，正是我本人建议以此为主题的。我这么做的原因在于是，这预示了一个显著且意义深远的事实实际上，是两个事实。第一、证据领域对于法治是至关重要的；第二、法治对于社会的进步是起决定性的。更进一步来说，我认为法治研究最为重要的一个领域便是证据，并且社会只能在法治之中进步发展。 You in China have confirmed these truths with a natural and in my opinion regrettable experim

9、ent that we in the West call the Cultural Revolution. Among the many things that occurred during that lamentable time was the essential shutting down of the legal system, and the shutting of all but one of the law schools, I believe. This had the predictable effect of devastating the economy and cau

10、sing a horrific drop in the gross domestic product of China. This natural experiment, though, continued after the end of the Cultural Revolution when your government liberalized the economy. At first there was a great burst of productivity, but it quickly began to subside, and the reason is precisel

11、y that a functioning legal system is an absolute requirement of a productive society. The creation of wealth depends on trade, but trade will not occur except through barter without a functioning legal system. It was the recognition of this fact that led your government to begin the long process of

12、reestablishing a functioning legal system, a process that continues to this day. 中国的你们已经通过一个自然而然的、且在我看来是些许令人遗憾的文化大革命（Cultural Revolution）的试验场确认了这些事实。我相信，发生在那个可悲年代的许多事情之中，有对法律体系的根本性关闭，也有全国法学院的停课（仅保留一家）。显而易见，这种对法治的不尊重会导致经济的灾难性毁灭，以及中国本土制造业的大幅倒退。然而，当你们的政府放宽经济自由化之时，这个自然的试验在文革结束之后仍在继续存在着。起初有生产力的巨大爆发，但这很快开

13、始回落消退，并且，一个有效运转的法律体系恰巧是一个多产社会的必然要求。财富的创造依靠交易，若没有一个正常运转的法律体系，除了最基础的物物交换，交易将不会发生。正是因为意识到了这个事实，你们的政府开始了重建一个正常运作法律体系的漫长过程，一个持续至今的过程。 As I will talk about in a few minutes, at the heart of that process is indeed the law of evidence, and thus I will say again what I have said before in China: Those of you

14、 in this room who are studying and furthering knowledge about the field of evidence, and its handmaiden procedural fields, are the single most important part of your countrys continuing progress. Without you and your efforts, and without the continuing improvement of evidence and procedure, the econ

15、omy will be retarded in its growth and rights will be meaningless; without the production of wealth, the aspirations of modern societies cannot be realized. More importantly, without accurate fact finding rights essentially have no significance whether those are economic, human, or political rights.

16、 These are the things that I want to talk with you about today, and I will begin with the rule of law.正如我马上会讲到的，该过程的核心实际上是证据法，由此我将重申我之前我已经在中国所说过的：此会议大厅中正在学习探索并在深化证据领域以及相关配套诉讼领域知识的你们，正是中国这个持续进程中最为重要的一环。若没有你们和你们的努力，若没有证据和诉讼领域方面的不断完善，经济发展将会迟滞，权利将会失去意义；若没有财富的生产，关于现代社会的种种期盼都只是泡影。更为重要的是，若没有准确的事实认定，权利从根本上来说就没有意义，无论是经济权利、人权，还是政治权利。这些正