高考被动语态专项练习文档格式.docx

1、如：He opened the door.他打开了这扇门。（主动语态） The door was opened.这扇门被打开了。（被动语态）二、被动语态的构成被动语态由助动词be+及物动词的过去分词构成。被动语态的时态变化只改变be的形式，过去分词部分不变。疑问式和否定式的变化也如此。1、被动语态的时态较常见的八种，现以动词clean为例列表说明：2、被动语态的句式变化：以一般现在时和动词invite为例，列表说明被动语态的句式变化：3、含有情态动词的被动语态情态动词的被动语态结构为：情态动词+be+过去分词;其时态及句型的变化仅由情态动词完成，be+过去分词部分不变。如：Tables can

2、 be made of stone.桌子可由石头制造。Tables could be made of stone at that time.那时桌子可由石头制造。（一般过去时）Can tables be made of stone? 桌子能用石头制造吗?（疑问句）三、被动语态的用法：1、不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。The bridge was built last year.这座桥是去年建造的。He was elected chairman.他被选为主席。2、 当更加强调动作的承受者时。此时动作的执行者由by引导置于谓语动词之后，不需要时可以省略。The room hasnt be

3、en cleaned yet.房间还没有打扫。The tiger was killed by him.老虎被他杀死了。3、当动作的执行者不是人时，多用被动语态。The window was blown by wind.窗户被风吹开了。The whole village has been washed away by the flood.整个村庄都被洪水冲走了。4、表示客观的说明常用It is + 过去分词.句型。It is said that Lucy has gone abroad.据说露茜已经出国了。It is believed that he is a spy. （=He is beli

4、eved to be a spy.）大家相信他是个间谍。其它常见的It is + 过去分词+ that句型还有It is reported that据报道It is said that据说It is believed that大家相信It is suggested that有人建议四、主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项：（1）主动句中的主语如果是people, we, you, they, somebody等含糊地表示人们大家的单词，变为主动句时，通常删去by，但原主语被强调者除外。They set up this hospital in 1975. This hospital was set u

5、p in 1975.这所医院建于1975年。Only he can finish the job. 只有他能完成这项工作。The job can be finished only by him.这项工作只能由他来完成。（2）含有双宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语的句子，每个宾语都可变为被动语态的主语，即其被动语态有两种形式。但多以间接宾语作主语。Jack told us the truth.杰克告诉了我们真相。We were told the truth by Jack.The truth was told （to） us by Jack.五、动词的主动形式表示被动之意以主动形式表示被动之意的动词多

6、为连系动词，如：look, feel, smell等。下列动词没有被动式：happen，cost，take，haveAn accident was happened yesterday.（）昨天发生了一起事故。An accident happened yesterday.（ ）The flower smells sweet.这花闻起来很香。The watch looks good.这表看起来很好。六、各种时态的被动语态举例（以动词do为例）1.一般现在时（am/ is/ are +done）English is spoken by lots of people in the world. 世界

7、上的许多人都说英语。Class meeting is held every Thursday. 每周四都举行班会。2.一般过去时（was/ were+done） The cup was broken by the boy. 杯子被那个男孩打碎了。He was saved at last. 他最终获救了。3.一般将来时与过去将来时（will/ shall be +done; would/should be +done）A speech will be given this afternoon. 今天下午有一个演讲。A new road will be built next year. 明年要修一

8、条新马路。4.现在进行时与过去进行时（am/ is/ are being +done; was/ were being +done）The machine was being repaired at this time yesterday. 昨天这时，机器正在被修理。The problem is being discussed now. 问题正在被讨论。5.现在完成时（have/ has been + done）Two hundred trees have been planted by now. 到现在为止，已经种了二百棵树了。The book has been read many time

9、s by me. 这本书已经被我读了许多遍了。6.过去完成时（had been+done）They said they had been invited to the party. 他们说已经被邀请参加晚会了。She found the house had been destroyed by the storm. 她发现房子已经被暴风雨摧毁。被动语态专项练习单项选择1. Good books _ again and again.A. should be readed B. should be readC. must read D. ought to read2. The children _

10、by the nurse.A. were looked B. looked afterC. were looked after D. looked3. He _ some pieces of advice, but he _ to them.A. gave, didnt listen B. was given, wasnt listenedC. give, wasnt listened D. was given, didnt listen4. When_ the accident _ ?A. was, happen B. did, happenC. is, happen D. was, hap

11、pened5. The question _ by us soon.A. is going to discuss B. will discussC. is going to be discussed D. has been discussed6. The lab _ about five years ago.A. was builded B. was built C. builds D. has been built7. A lot of tall buildings _ in his hometown in the last three years.A. have set up B. hav

12、e been set up C. were set up D. set up8. They _ printing 500 copies by the end of last month.A. had finished B. have finished C. had been finished D. have been finished9. Rice _ also _ in their hometown.A. isgrown B. isgrew C. wasgrew D. wasgrown10. He _ by the teachers.A. is always praised B. prais

13、esC. have been praised D. always is praised11. Great changes _ place. Many new schools_ .A. have taken, have been opened B. take, are openC. are taken, open D. have been taken, are opened12. The picture_ in October, 1996.A. was taking B. had been taken C. was taken D. had taken13. We cant use the br

14、idge now, because it_ .A. has been repaired B. is repairing C. is repaired D. is being repair14. I _the way to the railway station by a policeman.A. was shown B. showed C. have shown D. was showing15. The war_ in 1941.A. broke out B. had been broken outC. was broken out D. had broken out16. When water_ , it will be changed into vapour.A. is heated B. heating C. has heated D. heats