1、 宾语从句也可做某些形容词的宾语,如下: be sorry / afraid / sure / glad +that从句,Im sorry Im late. 对不起,我迟到了。Im afraid he isnt in at the moment. 恐怕他此刻不在家。【句式结构】一般为:主句连词+从句主语+从句谓语+.宾语从句三关突破法【一】分类关 根据引导词的不同,我们可以将宾语从句划分为三大类: 1、 由that引导的宾语从句。当宾语从句的成分是完整的陈述句时,用that引导。 That在句只起连接作用,没有实际意义。在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。Some people believe (t
2、hat) colours can influence our moods. 有人相信颜色可以影响我们的心情。I think (that) blue is better than pink. 我认为蓝色比粉红色好。 【反馈】老师告诉我们她是一个诚实的女生。 _她希望黄色能给她带来成功。 【知识拓展】that在下列宾语从句中不可省:(1)当宾语从句的主语是that时; e.g. “That is an interesting book ”he said. He said that that is an interesting book. 他说那是一本有趣的书。(2)当从句前有插入语时;(插入语一般
3、为对某句话作一些特殊的说明,通常与句中其它部分没有语法上的联系,将它删掉之后,句子结构仍然完整。) E.g.It says,on the card,that it is made in China. 卡片上说它是中国制造的。(3)当宾语从句是主从复合句时。 E.g. Im afraid that if youve lost it ,you must pay for it. 如果你丢了它,恐怕你必须进行赔偿。(4)当两个或两个以上的宾语从句由并列连词连接时,除第一个从句中的that可以省略外,其余从句中的that不可省略。 【例】He said (that)the film was very i
4、nteresting and that he enjoyed seeing it very much. 他说这部电影很有意思,他非常喜欢看。2、由if/whether引导的宾语从句。当一般疑问句转化为宾语从句时用If/whether连接,if/whether在句中意为“是否”,不可省略。 【例】 “Do you like listening to music? ”he asked me. He asked me if / whether I like listening to music. 他问我是否喜欢听音乐。【知识拓展】在下列情况中,只能用“whether”表示是否:(1) 在具有选择意义
5、,又有or/or not时,尤其是直接与or not连用时,往往用whether:Im not sure whether he will come or not. 我不确定他会不会来。I dont know whether or not he does any washing. 我不知道他洗不洗衣服。【反馈】我不知道我们是去是留。 _He asked me _ we could go to Beijing to watch the game by plane or not. A. that B. if C. how D. whether 我想知道今天晚上还有没有去北京的火车。 I want t
6、o know _ there is a train to Beijing.(2)在介词之后用whether。【例】We are thinking about whether we can finish the work on time. 我们正在考虑是否能按时完工。 (3) 在不定式前用whether。【例】I dont know whether to go. 我不知去不去。 (4)当whether引导的从句作介词的宾语或置于句首,表示强调时不能用if替换。 【例】Everything depends on whether we have enough money. 每件事都要取决于我们是否有
7、足够的钱。 Whether he will come,I am not sure.我不确定他是否会来。3、用连接代词who,whom, which, whose, what和连接副词when, where, why, how等引导的宾语从句。当特殊疑问句转化为宾语从句时,连接词就用原来的特殊疑问词,这些词在句中各有其意,不可省略。 I want to know. I want to know what he has told you. “what has he told you ? 我想知道他告诉了你什么。 Can you tell me Can you tell me where he co
8、mes from? Where does he comes from ? 你能告诉我他来自哪儿吗? Could you tell me what I should do with the money? 你能告诉我如何处理这笔钱吗?【反馈】 -Im waiting for the mail. Do you know _ it will arrive? -Usually it comes by 4:00. A.how B. Where C.when D. what Doyouknow_arestudyingfor? A. what B. that C .how D. Why I dont know
9、 _he still lives here after so many years A.where B. / C.whether D.when【二】语序关 不论主句是陈述句还是疑问句,宾语从句的语序应为陈述语序。即“主语在前,谓语在后”的顺序。【例】I like english. 主语 谓语动词 宾语 She is beautiful. 主语 系动词 表语 (1)Ihear I hear (that) physics isnt easy physicsisnteasy. 我听说物理并不容易。 (2)please tell me Pleasetellmewhenwellhavethemeetin
10、g. When will we have the meeting? 请告诉我我们什么时候开会。改一改:(一)将下列句子改为陈述句。Does he have a pen ? _What happened to you ?Whats wrong with you ?Which place did he go to ?Whats matter with you ?(二)将上面的句子置在一个主句后,变成一个宾语从句。 Can you tell me./ do you know./I wonder._想一想:为什么3、4、5三句没有变化呢?_【三】时态关 在宾语从句中,时态遵循“主现从任意,主过从过去”
11、的十字原则。1、主现从任意,即,若主句为现在的某种时态(一般现在时,现在进行时,现在完成时),那么从句的时态不受限制,可以根据实际情况而定。(1)I remember (that) he gave me a book yesterday. 我记得昨天他给了我一本书。(2)Pleaseuswhereheis. 请告诉我们他在哪?(3)He has told me (that)hell leave for New York tomorrow. 他已经告诉我明天他就动身去纽约了。2、主过从过去,即,若主句为过去的某种时态(包括一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时,过去完成时),宾语从句必须为相对映过去的某种时态(包括一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时,过去完成时)。(1)Heaskedwhattimeitwas. 他问现在几点了。(2)He told me (that) he was preparing for the final examination. 他告诉我他正在为期末考试做准备。(3)HeifhadwrittentoPeter. 他问你是否已经给peter写信了。(4)HesaidthatwouldgobackU.K soon. 他说他将很快回英国。3、若从句中陈述的是客观事实,俗语或真理,则其时态常为一般现在时。(1)OurteacherJanuaryisfirstmonth
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