定语从句学案Word格式文档下载.docx

1、 41. 指物时，关系代词只能用that，而不能用which的情况：2指物时，关系代词只能用which，而不能用that的情况: 53指人时，关系代词只能用who, 而不能使用that的情况: 64. 关系代词as引导的限制性定语从句 65. which和as引导非限制性定语从句的区别 6五“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 71. 介词提前 72“介词of +关系代词” 73关系副词=适当介词+which 8六定语从句中应注意的几个方面： 81. 先行词在定语从句中作主语时，从句中的主谓一致问题 82. 特殊的先行词：“模糊地点”， the way以及time 83. 定语从句中的插入语现象

2、94. 分隔式定语从句 95. “V+ n. （+ prep./ adv.）”中n.提前的定语从句 96. 定语从句和其它句型之间的关系 10七定语从句常见错误例析： 121遗漏关系代词：2从句中重复先行词：3. as , it , which混淆 124. 从句中误用人称代词或物主代词 125. 关系代词与关系副词混用 136. 用V-ing 结构替换定语从句 137. 定语从句中的主谓一致问题 13八应对策略 13一、定语的概念（先试试用横线划出下面短语中的定语，然后在后面的括号里注明是什么在作定语）1. a beautiful girl （ ）2. three boys （ ）3. a

3、shoe factory （ ）4. Jims father （ ）5. our teacher （ ）6. the man in the car （ ）7. the man standing at the door （ ）the man who is talking with Sam （ ） 定语是用来修饰名词或代词的词， 可以作定语。定语的位置：单个的词作定语放在被修饰词 ；多个词作定语放在被修饰词 。二、定语从句的概念及分类 定语从句：在句子中起定语作用，修饰某一名词，代词，谓语或句子的从句叫定语从句。 先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。 关系词

4、：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词分为两种:关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有who, whom, whose, that, which, as, but;关系副词有where ,why, when。关系词有三个作用：连接作用：引导从句，和主句相连 替代作用：在从句中替代被从句所修饰的先行词 在从句中充当成分：作主语、宾语、表语、定语或状语。练习1：“Harry Potter is the most interesting novel that I have read.”中_是定语从句；_是先行词；that是_，代替先行词_，在从句中作have read的_。 定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性

5、定语从句。限制性定语从句：从句与主句关系密切，去掉从句，主句意义不完整，甚至不合逻辑，翻译成先行词的定语，“的”。非限制性定语从句：从句对先行词关系不密切，去掉定从句，意思仍然完整。形式上用逗号隔开，通常翻译成主句的并列句。练习2：区别下列句子中包含的是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句，指出其先行词，并翻译成中文。I was the only person in our office that was invited. Toms father, who is over sixty, still works hard day and night.Autumn in Beijing is a s

6、eason which is neither too hot nor too cold.Ill fly to London, where Ill stay four or five days.三关系词的基本用法1. who的用法This is the man who helped me out of trouble.I dont know the girl （who） you spoke to just now.归纳：who引导定语从句时，先行词是 ，在从句中做 ，在口语和非正式文体中，who可做 。2. whom的用法The doctor （whom） you are looking for

7、 is in the room.Shes a girl with whom you can talk freely. whom引导定语从句时，先行词是 ，在从句中做 。3. whose 用法Hes living in a room whose window faces the east.The boy whose spoken English is excellent draws our attention.whose引导定语从句时，先行词可以是 ，也可以是 ，在从句中做 ，意思为：“。的”，表示所属关系。知识拓展 .Please pass me the book whose cover is

8、 yellow and black.=please pass me the book the cover of which is yellow and black.=please pass me the book of which the cover is yellow and black.请把那本封面是黑黄相间的书递给我。.We saw some people whose car had broken down.= We saw some people the car of whom had broken down.= We saw some people of whom the car h

9、ad broken down.“whose + n”引导的定语从句相当于“ ”或“ ”引导的定语从句4. which的用法He is reading a novel （which） I have read three times.He always failed in his exams, which makes him very sad.which引导定语从句时，先行词是 或 ，在从句中做 或 。5. that的用法She is the pop star that/whom I am fond of very much.A plane is a machine that/which can

10、fly.that引导定语从句时，先行词可以是 ，（相当于关系词 或 ），也可以是 ，（相当于关系词 ），在从句中做 ， 或 。6. as的用法He is such a person as we all respected.It is not the same village as it used to beAs was expected, it rained that afternoon.as引导限制性定语从句时，先行词可以是 或 ，在从句中做 ， 或 。常用于以下固定搭配中：the sameas/ the same as/suchas/ as many（much） as/ soasas引导非

11、限制性定语从句时，先行词常常是 ，在从句中做 ， 或 。as引导的限制性定语常置于句首，意为“正如，这一点”，常和动词know, see, expect, point out, report, announce等搭配。7. but的用法but用作关系代词，其意思相当于who/thatnot, “没有不”There is not one of us but wishes to help you.There is no tree but bears some fruits.There are very few but admire his talents. 注意：先行词在从句中做作主语时，关系代词

12、不能省略, 但做 时，关系代词常可省略。但若关系代词前有 词时以及在非限制性定语从句中则不能省。关系代词as和but在任何情况下都不能省。8. when的用法I cant forget the day when we met there.when引导定语从句时，先行词是表示 的名词，在从句中做 。9. where的用法New York is the city where he was born.where引导定语从句时，先行词是表示 的名词，在从句中做 。10. why的用法This is the reason why he refused our help.where引导定语从句时，先行词是

13、 ，在从句中做 。如果先行词在从句中作主语或宾语，则用 或 引导，且关系词做 常可省略。I stay at a beautiful city that/ which is in Yunnan.This is the reason that/which he gave.练习：1. After living in Paris for fifty years, he returned to the small town _ he grew up as a child . A. which B. where C. that D. when2. Can you tell me the name of t

14、he factory _ you visited last week?A. what B. where C. / D. when3. Do you still remember the time _ we spent together playing games?A. when B. that C. where D. what4. Recently, a terrible earthquake happened in the Southern Asian Area, _ the people are still suffering.A. from their effects B. of which effects C. of its effects D. from whose effectsI will never forget the days _ we climbed the mountain together.I will never forget the days _ we spent togeth