英语单项知识的讲解与练习120.docx

1、英语单项知识的讲解与练习120英语单项知识的讲解与练习（120）596. earn 的用法earn vt. 赚；挣得；获利；赢得；获得例句：He hasearneda lot of money in this month.这个月他已经赚了好多钱了。He works hard, but he does notearnmuch money.他工作很努力，但钱赚得不多。How does sheearnher living?她靠什么谋生？His skill in negotiatingearnedhim a reputation as a shrewd tactician.他的谈判技巧使他赢得了精明战

2、略家的名声。It has taken years toearntheir trust.花了好多年才赢得他们的信任。短语：earn ones living=make a living 谋生; earn money= make money 挣钱; earn a good reputation 赢得一个好名声; earnsb.sth赢得某人某物；earn by用博得；earn by hard labour靠辛勤劳动挣来的；earn by sweat and toil靠血汗而挣得的；earn for sb为某人博得；earn with用挣得；用法：earn可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词。用作及物动

3、词时接名词或代词作宾语。earn作“使得到,使赢得”解时,其后还可跟双宾语,其间接宾语也可转化为介词for的宾语。辨析: earn 侧重指依靠自己的劳动或因付出代价，有功而获得。 obtain 着重指通过巨大努力、要求得到所需或盼望已久的东西。 acquire书面用语，强调通过不断地、持续地努力而获得某物，也指日积月累地获得。get一般用语，使用较广。可指以任何方式得到某物，也不一定要经过努力。 gain侧重指经过努力或有意识的行动而取得某种成就，或指获得某种利益或好处。练习：The day I discovered that the good name my parents had_ bro

4、ught our whole family the respect of our neighbours. A. earned B. deserved C. given D. Used He earned scarcely enough to keep _ together. A. body and heart B. body and soul C. heart and soul D. body and brain- How do you spend your weekend? - I usually earn _ for working. A. money B. salary C. wages

5、 D. extraIn China, the majority of men earn their living by manual _. A. labour B. task C. job D. workThe Europeans wonderful performance _ him a gold medal. A. made B. gained C. earned D. obtained597. ease 的用法ease n. 安逸；舒适; v. 减轻（痛苦，忧虑）；缓和；放松例句：He passed the test withease.他轻而易举地考及格了。He is expected

6、to win the game withease. 预计他在比赛中会轻易获胜。The pain began toeaseup after she was given a sedative.给她吃了一片镇痛药后,她的疼痛开始减轻。It wouldeasemy mind to know where he was.要知道他在哪儿我就放心了。短语：at ease 感到舒适而无忧虑；感到放松，不拘束; with ease 毫不费劲地，轻而易举地; be ill at ease 局促不安, 心神不宁；put sb. at his ease 使某人宽心;set sb.s heart at ease 使安心,

7、 安慰某人；social ease 毫不拘束, 态度自然；stand at ease (口令)稍息； take ones ease 休息, 悠闲；ease from care无忧无虑；ease of mind心情舒畅；ease oneself into a chair慢慢地坐到椅子上；ease sb of使某人舒适安心,减轻(痛苦,忧虑等)；ease sb of the pain消除痛苦；ease sb of his purse抢人钱包；ease sb of his troubles消除某人的烦恼；用法：ease可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词。用作及物动词时常接名词或代词作宾语,主语可以是

8、人,也可以是物/事物。ease用作不及物动词时,主语多为物。有时主动形式含有被动意义。练习：(1). 完成句子 听说孩子们都很安全，她才放心。Her mind _ knowing that the children were safe. 她不断练习奏鸣曲直到熟练为止。She practiced until she could play the sonata_.(2). 单项填空：He felt completely _ ease _ Mary. A. at; with B .at ; to C. with; with D. to; to Every Monday morning, all th

9、e teachers and students in our school stand at _ as our national flag is raised. A. attention B. attentions C. at ease D. attentivelyThe old couple are now quite as their son is out of danger. A.at least B.at last C.at risk D.at ease How was your interview with the famous basketball player -Yao Ming

10、? I was quite nervous at first, but his warm smile put me. A.in action B.at ease C.on work D.on watch 598. educate的用法educate教育。例句：It is not easy toeducateteenagers.教育青少年不是件容易的事。An educator must firsteducatehimself.教育者必须自己先受教育。He tried toeducatehis wifes taste in literature.他试图培养他太太对文学的爱好。Teachersedu

11、catestudents to protect themselves.老师训练学生自我保护。短语：be educated at school/ for the army 在学校受教育、受过军人教育；be educated at/ in/ for/ to be在某处读书/在某方面受教育；educate sb to do sth教育某人做某事；educate at Oxford University在牛津大学受教育；educate for学(某学科)；educate for the law学法律；educate sb from a profession培养某人从事某事业；educate in En

12、gland在英国受教育；educate on the subject of进行的主题教育；educate to使教育成为；用法：educate既可用作不及物动词,也可用作及物动词。用作及物动词时,一般接人作宾语,也可接以不定式充当补足语的复合宾语。educate在表示“培养某人从事某职业”时,职业前介词多用for,且常用于be ed结构; 在表示“在某方面训练某人”时,常用介词in。educate可用于被动结构。练习：The _ would rather _ a lot of money for the _ abroad nowadays, which seems important to t

13、hem. A. education; pay; educate B. educated; pay; education C. educated; spend; education D. educated; to pay; education My brother _ at a technical college now. A. educates B. is educating C. is educated D. educateHe is an _ young man in our village. A. educate B. educating C. educates D. educatedM

14、y father often educates me _ English well. A. to learn B. learning C. learned D. learns599. fundamental 的用法fundamental (adj)基础的、根本的、重要的；例句：For somethingfundamentalhas changed in Venezuela.因为在委内瑞拉，有一些基本的东西已经改变了。Trial by the jury is afundamentalright.有陪审团陪同审判是一项基本的权利。Thefundamentalthings are also goin

15、g on.基础建设也在进行当中。In all cases the samefundamentalprinciples apply.但在任何情况下基本原理是相同的。短语：fundamental law基本定律；fundamental operation基本作业；fundamental solution基本解；fundamental constant基本常数；fundamental equation基本方程式；fundamental construction基本建设；fundamental unit基本单位；fundamental research基础研究；用法：fundamental 作名词常用复数，后接of，表示“的要点”。如：If the boys are going to camp for 10 days, theyll need to know the fundamentals of cooking. 作形容词，后接to，表示