中考英语专题名词Word格式.docx

1、1.定义：名词是表示人或事物名称的词。它既可以表示具体的东西，也可以是表示抽象的东西。2.分类：名词可以根据意义分为普通名词和专有名词如：John is a student student是普通名词，John是专有名词普通名词 可以用不定冠词：a/an+普通名词定冠词： the+普通名词或不加冠词普通名词 可以分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词，其中个体名词、集体名词是可数名词，物质名词、抽象名称是不可数名词。专有名词 专有名词是表示人名、地名、团体、机构、组织等的专有名词，多为独一无二的事物。专有名词 前一般不加冠词，首字母要大写。3.名词的数分类：名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。so

2、me, any , a lot of （lots of） 两者都可以修饰。 We should collect some useful information我们应该收集一些有用的消息。plenty of ,some ,a lot of ,lots of ,most of 等可与两者连用。1.可数名词的复数A、规则变化1）一般加s books pens 2）s; sh; ch; x 结尾加 es buses classes watches boxes 3）f （fe） 结尾则变f（fe）为v加es leafleaves wife- wives life- lives 4） “辅+y”结尾变y为

3、i加es city cities country- counties B.不规则变化：1. manmen ; womanwomen ;childchildrenpolicemanpolicemen EnglishmanEnglishmen FrenchmanFrenchmenfootfeet ; toothteeth mouse（鼠）mice goose- geese 2 以o 结尾的分两类 Zoos radios photos pianos Heroes potatopotatoes tomatotomatoes 3 单复同形: fish ; sheep ; deer ; Chinese ;

4、 Japanese4 “某国人”的复数：中日不变英法变，其余s加后面. eg. GermanGermans 5 people , police 常用单数形式表示复数概念 The police are looking for the missing boy.6.复合名词 a boy student two boy students a man teacher -two men teacher 4.名词所有格：名词s （意思是 “的”）A.有生命的名词所有格，一般在后加“s”但注意：1）表两者共有则在后者加“s” Lucy and Lilys father 露西和莉莉的父亲 Lucys and L

5、ilys fathers露西的父亲和莉莉的父亲.2）以s结尾的词只加 不以s结尾的词加 seg. 1） the boys books Teachers Day Children s Day 3）无生命的名词所有格用of来引导eg. the leg of the desk4）双重所有格：a friend of my fathers a friend of mine （ ） a friend of my（ ）5.不可数名词：1.常见的不可数名词有：water，rice，fish，meat，等。应特别记medicine,news,work,homework,housework,money,chalk

6、,weather,cotton,wood. 2.不可数名词无复数，作主语时常看成单数。Some bread_over there.（be） 3.常用how much,much,a little,little,a lot of,some,any等来修饰不可数名词。4.常用a piece of,a cup of等来表示不可数名词的量。如要表达“两片面包”这样的意义，bread仍为不可数名词，不加s，而piece则可加s。即：two pieces of bread 请区别：可数名词也可用量来表示， 如：三箱苹果three boxes of apples 名词的格 名词所有格的构成方法，在名词后加“

7、s”。TomToms译为“的”，若遇上以s结尾的复数名词，则在s后加“ ”即可。Teachers Day , two weeks holiday，而不以s结尾的复数名词的所有格，仍按惯例加s 。Childrens Day 注意：主谓一致问题：单位词后的动词单复数形式往往取决于单位词的单复数形式；千、百等数词与名词加用，表示复数时，数词仍保持单数，名词变复数。如two hundred students（200名学生） ten thousand trees（10000棵树）例子：1.He caught a lot of fish 他抓到了许多鱼（此处为许多条鱼，fish的复数仍为fish或fish

8、es）=He caught a lot of fishes.2.The paper is about some fresh-water fishes.这篇论文是有关几种淡水鱼的。（此处fish表示不同种类的鱼，加复数词尾-es）【典型例题及相似题练习】（ ）1.Mum, Im quite thirsty. Please give me _.A. two orange B. two bottles of orangeC. two bottles orange D. two bottles of oranges（ ）2.I have got _ news from my friend. Do yo

9、u want to know?A. a very good B. anyC. a piece of D. two pieces.（ ）3. The three _ will be put into prison.A. thiefs B. thief C. thieves D. thiefs（ ）4.He often has _ for breakfast.A. two breads B. two piece of breadsC. two pieces of bread D. two pieces of breads（ ）5.Mrs. Green has two _. Theyre very

10、bright.A. childs B. child C. childrens D. children【课堂综合练习】一、写出下列名词的复数 1.book_ 2.bus _ 3.orange _4.baby_ 5.boy_ 6.my _7.his_ 8.knife_ 9.watch_10.sheep _ 11. tooth _ 12. leaf _13.German_ 14.Chinese_二选出正确选项（ ）6.What did the headmaster say about Jims _.A. two months holiday B. two months holidayC. two-m

11、onth holiday D. two months holidays（ ）7.I wont go there with you, for I have a lot of _ to do.A. works B. job C. work D. working（ ）8.Li Lei is a friend of _.A. I sister B. my sisters C. me sister D. my sister of（ ）9.Have you read _?A. todays B. today paperC. the todays paper D. todays paper（ ）10.How

12、 many _ are there in the room?A. boxes B. box C. boxs D. boxxes【课后限时作业】1.写出下面名词的复数1. dog 2. glass 3. ear 4. shark 5. duck 5. apple 6. candle 7. present 8. telephone 9. kite 10. snake 11. window 12. rabbit 13. door 11. computer 12. bedroom 13. flower 14. table 15. vegetable 16. poster 17. turtle 18.

13、photo 19. tomato _20. potato _21. mouth _ 22. dish _ 23. bus _ 24. box _25. watch _ 26. dish _27. country _ 28. child _29. man _ 30. woman _ 31. mouse _ 32. fish _33. sheep _ 34. deer _ 35. tooth _ 36. foot _ 37. goose _38. leaf _ 39. knife _ 名词练习题:1. -Mum, its so hot and Im so thirsty. - Go and get some _ in the fridge. A. biscuits B. chips C. cakes