025 超声仪器上应用 压电超声波清洗 传声器 医疗 雾化器CHEN OKWord文档格式.docx

1、超声波清洗机，塑胶熔接机用的压电陶瓷换能器的工作频率一般在20500KHz 范围。在低频（2050KHz）大功率场合，多使用以螺栓紧固的郎之万换能器，在低频小功率（50100W）的场合，用径向模式振动的圆形单片或圆筒形换能器，在高频（50KHz以上）场合，则使用厚度振动的圆片或方片状单片换能器。 螺栓紧固郎之万行换能器结构如图1，其紧固的方式有：外螺栓紧固，中心螺栓如、四周螺栓紧固等三种。塑胶熔接用换能器，根据不同的熔接要求，熔接功率要求大小，其后盖加工成不同的形状。In general, the working frequency of piezoelectric ceramic trans

2、ducer ranges from 20 to 500 KHz on the application of ultrasonic cleaning machine. In low frequency （20 - 50KHz） and high-power condition, Langevin transducer with bolt tightened is widely used, while in the low frequency （50 - 100W） and low power condition, cylindrical transducer or cyclo-monolithi

3、c transducer with radial vibration mode will be used, while in high frequency condition, monolithic transducer in square-shaped or in disc-shaped with thickness vibration. Langevin transducer with bolt tightened is shown in Fig.1. There are three tighten methods, they are outside bolt, center bolt a

4、nd round bolt. 十、超声波传感器Ultrasonic sensor 超声波陶瓷测距器是利用压电陶瓷的电能机械能相互转换的功能，在压电陶瓷上加一电信号后，产生机械振动，发射超声波；而当超声波振动作用于压电陶瓷时，就会有电信号输出。Ultrasonic ceramic ambulator utilizes piezoelectric ceramics mutual transformation between electric energy and mechanical energy. The electrical signal added on the piezoelectric

5、ceramic generates mechanical vibration and transmit ultrasonic. Electrical signal outputs while ultrasonic vibration acting on the piezoelectric ceramic. 1、通用型超声波传声器 Universal ultrasonic ceramic microphone通用型超声波陶瓷测距器结构如图3，在用两片直径为8.0mm、厚度为0.3mm的压电陶瓷粘合成双膜片振子的中央，开0.8mm的孔，且孔中粘有铝制圆锥状谐振子，再把压电谐振子的结圆部分弹性固定在

6、底板上。当传声器用作接受超声波用时，超声波信号由圆锥谐振子汇集并通过轴向传导至双膜片中央，双膜片谐振，进而在压电元件的两面的电极产生信号电压；如若加信号电压于双膜片振子时，双膜片振子产生振动，再由圆锥状谐振子向空中发射超声波，因为超声波传声器利用压电陶瓷振子的谐振特性，所以发射时输出的声压和接收时的灵敏度都具有频率选择性。图4例示了这种器件的频率特性。Universal ultrasonic ceramic ambulators structural drawing is shown in Fig.3. Punch a 0.8mm diameter in the center of doubl

7、e diaphragm oscillator bonded with two pieces of piezoelectric ceramics in 8.0mm diameter and 0.3mm thickness, adhere aluminum and cone-shaped harmonic vibrator in the hole and fasten elasticity of piezoelectric harmonic vibrators round part. When microphone is used as receiving ultrasonic, the ultr

8、asonic signal converges with cone-shaped and conduct to the center of double diaphragm with axial trend and make it resonant. It generates signal voltage on the electrode of piezoelectric elements both sides. The double diaphragm oscillator vibrates while receiving signal voltage, it transmits ultra

9、sonic wave in the air via cone-shaped harmonic vibrator. The ultrasonic microphone utilizes piezoelectric ceramic oscillators resonance characteristic, thus its output sound pressure level while transmitting and response rate while receiving have the characteristic of frequency alternative. The Fig.

10、4 illustrates the frequency characteristic of this device. 2、防水型超声波测距器（倒车雷达）Waterproof-type ultrasonic ceramic ambulator （parking sensor） 防水型传声器具有是水滴和灰尘难于附着的特点，其形状是密封型；振动外壳的设计，要考虑到压电陶瓷元件便于粘贴在外壳上而成为一体，还要能形成高效的振动部分；振动外壳的侧面既要便于与计测仪器装配，又不要影响振动。图5显示了较好能满足上述要求的振动外壳结构。如图所示，圆锥台形振动外壳的上内侧粘有压电元件，该振动外壳的上部分成为振动部

11、分。图6是防水型超声波陶瓷传声器的结构图。 The waterproof type microphone has the characteristic of being difficult to adhere the drip and dust, it is sealed type in shape. We design the vibrating shell, not only need to consider piezoelectric ceramic element easily adhering the shell and becoming one but also to form h

12、igh-efficiency vibration. The vibrating shells flank needs to be both easy to assemble with measuring devices and not to affect its vibration. Fig.5 illustrates well the vibrating shells structure of meeting requirements demand, as shown in figure, the cone-shaped vibrating shells inside adheres pie

13、zoelectric element, and it is vibration in its top part. Fig.6 illustrates the structure of waterproof-type ultrasonic ceramic microphone.3、窄指向型超声波传声器Narrow point type ultrasonic ceramic microphone 超声波用于照相机自动对焦距等准确测距方面，超声波波束的指向性必须尖锐；又为快速准确测距，必须要求这种超声波传声器的脉冲响应优越，过渡性良好，灵敏度高。此种器件的结构如图7所示；其音响变换部分与通用型超声波

14、陶瓷传声器的相同，在双膜片的中央部分用结合轴与圆锥状谐振子连成为一体。在圆锥状谐振子的边缘部分装有圆环状弹性橡胶减震器，使之与圆筒状外壳固定。在电-声变换部分的前面，设有超声波波束整形板，它是对应锥状谐振子的振动模式设置了几个开口。超声波波束整形板能使在装喇叭板的情况下，不仅波束指向性尖锐，且具有能显著地抑制波束旁瓣的作用。The ultrasonic wave is applied in automatic focus of camera, accurate location and other fields, whose directivity of beam must be sharp.

15、 It must demand the ultrasonic microphones impulse in superior response, good transitivity and high sensitivity to measure fast and accurately. This devices structure is as shown in Fig.7, and its sound transform is the same with general type ultrasonic ceramic microphone. It becomes one with axis o

16、f combination and cone-shaped harmonic oscillator in the center of the double diaphragm. In the cone-shaped harmonic oscillators edge, it is assembled with round-shaped elastic rubber shock absorber to fasten with cylindrical shell. In front of electricity-sound part, the ultrasonic beam plastic plate sets several opening to