高三一轮复习市级公开课现在分词与过去分词区别苏州市五中许文燕PPT文档格式.ppt

1、（省略although,though，让步状语），让步状语）A.Get the encouragement from parents,he still have no confidence to overcome the difficulties.（汤同学）汤同学）B.He has no confidence to solve problems,been encouraged by parents.（杨同学）杨同学）3.他们切断了电源，及时阻止了一场火灾。他们切断了电源，及时阻止了一场火灾。（结果状语）（结果状语）They cut off electricity to stop a fire

2、in time.（秦同学）秦同学）非谓语Infinitive 不定式不定式（to）do Participle分词分词Gerund 动名词（动名词（-ing）a swimming pool过去分词过去分词（-ed）Past particle现在分词现在分词（-ing）Present participlea swimming boy非谓语动词分类动词动词-ing形式形式非谓语动词的句法功能非谓语动词的句法功能不不定定式式主主语语宾宾语语表表语语宾宾补补定定语语状状语语动动名名词词主主语语宾宾语语表表语语定定语语分分词词表表语语宾宾补补定定语语状状语语现在分词与过去分词现在分词与过去分词 的区别的区

3、别非谓语动词复习非谓语动词复习1、作定语时、作定语时单个的分词作定语时一般前置（位于被修单个的分词作定语时一般前置（位于被修饰的词之前），分词短语作定语时后置。饰的词之前），分词短语作定语时后置。Do you know the crying boy?We are trying our best to catch up with the developed country.Do you know the boy crying under the tree?The students are discussing a book written by LuXun.1、作定语时、作定语时1.The me

4、eting held last week is very important.2.Tell the children playing there not to make so much noise.被动关系被动关系主动关系主动关系Whats the difference between-ing and ed form used as an attribute?现在分词作定语表示动作现在分词作定语表示动作正在发生正在发生或与谓或与谓语动作同时（或基本同时）发生，与所语动作同时（或基本同时）发生，与所修饰的词是修饰的词是主动关系或主谓关系主动关系或主谓关系及物动词的过去分词作定语表及物动词的过去分

5、词作定语表完成或被动完成或被动的动作，与所修饰的词是的动作，与所修饰的词是被动关系或动被动关系或动宾关系宾关系；不及物动词的过去分词作定语；不及物动词的过去分词作定语只表完成不表被动只表完成不表被动的动作。的动作。a retired worker 退休工人退休工人1.There is a note pinned to the door_ when the shop will open again.（2014山东，山东，6）A.saying B.says C.said D.having said2.Annie Salmon,disabled,is attended throughout her

6、school days by a nurse _ to guard her.（2014浙江，浙江，14）A.to appoint B.appointing C.appointed D.having appointed2、作表语时（跟在系动词后）、作表语时（跟在系动词后）现在现在分词多表示主语所具有的分词多表示主语所具有的特征特征或或属性属性；过去过去分分词多表示主语所处的词多表示主语所处的状态状态。现在分词表示。现在分词表示“令人令人的的”，过去分词表示，过去分词表示“感到感到”.常见的分词有：常见的分词有：amazed/amazing,excited/exciting,bored/borin

7、g,annoyed/annoying,interested/interesting,tired/tiring,surprised/surprising,worried/worrying,satisfied/satisfying,amused/amusing1.The news was_.（excite）2.He appeared _with my answer.（satisfy）3.From his _ voice on the phone I know everything is going under way.（satisfy）excitingsatisfiedsatisfiedIn Ap

8、ril，thousands of holidaymakers remained _abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.（2010福建，福建，34）Asticking BstuckCto be stuck Dto have stuck 3、作宾语补足语时、作宾语补足语时取决于分词与宾语的关系：取决于分词与宾语的关系：主动主动关系，用关系，用doing被动被动关系，用关系，用done。例如例如1.I found them painting the windows.2.I found the windows painted.主动关系主动关系被动关系被动关系（现在

9、分词表（现在分词表主动、进行主动、进行）（过去分词表（过去分词表被动、完成被动、完成）1.The manager was satisfied to see many new products _ after great effort.（2014四川四川5）A.having developed B.to develop C.developed D.develop2.I looked up and noticed a snake _ its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.（2012四川四川,8）Ato wind Bwind Cwinding Dwou

10、nd 4、作状语时、作状语时Seen from the moon,the earth looks like a blue ball.Seeing nobody at home,he left.被动关系被动关系主动关系分词的选取分词的选取：取决于分词与句子主语的关系：主动关系主动关系，用，用 doing 被动关系被动关系，用，用 done1.Anyone,once _ positive for H7N9 flu virus,will receive medical treatment from our government.（2013福建，福建，32）A.to be tested B.being

11、 tested C.tested D.to test2._ an important decision more on emotion than on reason,you will regret it sooner or later.（2012 江苏江苏,31）A.Base B.Based C.Basing D.To base 1._ the programme,they have to stay there for another two weeks.（2014 广东广东）A.Not completing B.Not completed C.Not having completed D.H

12、aving not completed 注意1）.现在分词的现在分词的一般式一般式与与完成式完成式：一般式一般式：doing 表示非谓语动作与谓语动作几乎同时发生。表示非谓语动作与谓语动作几乎同时发生。完成式完成式：having done 表示非谓语动作与谓语动作有着先后顺序表示非谓语动作与谓语动作有着先后顺序。_nearly all our money,we couldnt afford to stay at a hotel.（2014江西，江西，31）A.Having spent B.To spent C.Spent D.To have spent 练习练习1.Watching telev

13、ision,_.（05 全国全国）A.the doorbell rang B.the doorbell rings C.we heard the doorbell ring D.we heard the doorbell rings2）.分词作状语的基本原则：分词作状语的基本原则：分词作状语时，分词作状语时，分词的分词的逻辑主语逻辑主语必须与句子的主语必须与句子的主语保持一保持一致致。当非谓语动作的主语不是句子的主语时，必须加上其自。当非谓语动作的主语不是句子的主语时，必须加上其自己的逻辑主语，这种结构成为己的逻辑主语，这种结构成为独立主格结构独立主格结构。The lecture _,a li

14、vely question-and-answer session followed.（2014江苏，江苏，29）A.being given B.having given C.to be given D.having been given3）独立成分作状语）独立成分作状语有些分词作状语时，其形式的选用不受上下文的影响，称作独立成分或插有些分词作状语时，其形式的选用不受上下文的影响，称作独立成分或插入语。常见的有：入语。generally/frankly/strictly speaking 一般而言一般而言/坦率地说坦率地说/严格地说严格地说judging from/by 根据根据来判断来判断co

15、nsidering/taking into consideration考虑到考虑到；鉴于；鉴于supposing/providing/provided that 如果如果compared with/to 与与相比相比 例如例如 Judging from his accent,he is from the south.Considering your health,you d better have a rest.非谓语动词解题非谓语动词解题四大步骤四大步骤二二.找逻辑主语找逻辑主语三、分析语态三、分析语态四、分析时态四、分析时态一一.辨别辨别“谓与非谓谓与非谓”非谓语动词解题步骤非谓语动词解题步骤方法总结：方法总结：