英语词性及句子成分PPT推荐.pptx

1、1、名词 nounn.student学生2、代词 pronounpron.you你3、形容词 adjectiveadj.happy高兴的4、副词 adverbadv.quickly迅速地5、动词 verbv.cut砍、割6、数词 numeralnum.three三后面四类是虚词：7、冠词 articleart.a一个8、介词 prepositionprep.at在.9、连词 conjunctionconj.and和10、感叹词 interjectioninterj.oh哦英语句子成分（七类）一、主语（一、主语（subject）:句子说明的人或事物。Thesunrisesintheeast.（名

2、词）Helikesdancing.（代词）高中将学习：Seeingisbelieving.（动名词）Toseeistobelieve.（不定式）Whatheneedsisabook.（主语从句）Itisveryclearthattheelephantisroundandtalllikeatree.（It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语）二、谓语（二、谓语（predicate）说明主语的动作、状态和特征。WestudyEnglish.Heisasleep.谓语最重要的是时态和语态。TomwassenttoBeijing.三、表语（三、表语（predicative）跟在跟在系动词后面的成分，表示主语的

3、性质、状态和特征。常见的系动词有:be,sound（听起来），look（看起来），feel（摸起来），smell（闻起来），taste（尝、吃起来），remain（保持，仍是），feel（感觉）.很多词可以做表语Heisateacher.（名词）Fiveandfiveisten.（数词）Heisasleep.（形容词）Hisfatherisin.（副词）Thepictureisonthewall.（介词短语）Itsoundsagoodidea.Tomlooksthin.Thefoodsmellsdelicious.Thefoodtastesgood.Thedoorremainsopen.Now

4、Ifeeltired.高中将学的表语Mywatchisgone/missing/lost.（形容词化的分词）Towearafloweristosay“Impoor,Icantbuyaring.”（不定式）Thequestioniswhethertheywillcome.（表语从句）三、宾三、宾语语宾语分两类：动宾和介宾。跟在动词后面的宾语叫动宾，跟在介词后面的宾语叫介宾。Hehatesyou.（代词）Howmanydoyouneed?Weneedtwo.（数词）Weshouldhelptheoldandthepoor.以上是动宾Areyouafraidofthesnake?Theyareloo

5、kingforadog.这两句是介宾Hegavemeabookyesterday.Givethepoormansomemoney.这两句是双宾语：间宾（指人）和直宾（指物）高高中将学的宾语中将学的宾语Ienjoyworkingwithyou.（动名词）Ihopetoseeyouagain.（不定式）Didyouwritedownwhathesaid?（宾语从句）四、宾补四、宾补对宾语的补充，全称为宾语补足语。特征：1、跟在宾语后面。2、补充说明宾语。Weelectedhimmonitor.（名词）Wewillmakethemhappy.（形容词）Wefoundnobodyin.（副词）五、主补

6、五、主补对主语的补充说明。Hewaselectedmonitor.Shewasfoundsinginginthenextroom.Hewasadvisedtoteachthelazyboyalesson.六、定六、定语（高考的重难点）语（高考的重难点）修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或句子。Yanlingisachemistryteacher.（名词）Heisourfriend.（代词）Webelongtothethirdworld.（数词）Hewasadvisedtoteachthelazyboyalesson.（形容词）高中将学的定语Themanoverthereismyoldfriend.

7、（副词）Thewomanwithababyinherarmsismysister.（介词）TheboysplayingfootballareinClass2.（现在分词）Thetreesplantedlastyeararegrowingwellnow.（过去分词）Ihaveanideatodoitwell.（不定式）YoushoulddoeverythingthatIdo.（定语从句）七、状语七、状语用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或者整个句子的词叫状语。状语可 表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、程度、条件、方式和让步。Iwillgotheretomorrow.（时间）Themeetingwillb

8、eheldinthemeetingroom.（地点）Themeatwentbadbecauseofthehotweather.（原因）HestudieshardtolearnEnglishwell.（目的）Hedidntstudyhardsothathefailedintheexam.（结果）Ilikesomeofyouverymuch.（程度）Ifyoustudyhard,youwillpasstheexam.（条件）Hegoestoschoolbybike.（方式）Thoughheisyoung,hecandoitwell.（让步）高中将增加表伴随情况的状语：Isleptwiththewindowopen.我开着窗睡觉。Shesaidgood-byewithtearsinhereyes.她含着泪水说再见。Herushedintotheroom,hisfacecoveredwithsweat.他满脸是汗跑进屋来。