1、II.New Wordsorganizational a. 组织上的goal n. 目的,目标objective n./a. 目标,目的/客观的,真实的accomplish vt. 完成(任务等)predict vt./vi. 预言;预示accompany vt. 伴随,陪同implement vt. 实现;完成constraint n. 强制;强制因素precedent n. 先例,前例simplify vt. 简化tendency n. 趋势,倾向managerial a. 经理的,管理人的maker n. 制造者;制造商achievement n. 完成,达到attain vt. 达到;
2、optimal a. 最适宜的,最理想的suboptimization n. 局部最优化trade-off n. 权衡;物物交换argue vt./vi. 争辩,争论budget n./vt. 预算scheme n./vt.把 编入预算define vt. 解释,给下定义multiple a./n.多样的,复合的/倍数profitability n. 赚钱,获利correctness n. 正确,正确性unintended a. 非计划中的,非故意的ongoing a. 进行中的,非故意的entity n. 存在,实体skilled a. 熟练的;有技能的in the way 挡路、碍事to
3、make a guess at 猜测and the like 等等,诸如此类to seek to 追求,争取in part 部分地,在某种程度上point of view 观点词汇精讲1.goal n. 目标,进球,球门 ( 同义词:aim ,end , purpose,objective)Her goal is a place at university . 她的目标是在大学任教。2.objective : n./a. 目的;目标(尤指较长远的目标);宗旨/客观的,如实的派生词:object n. 物体反义词:subjective n./a. 主语;主观事物;/ 主观的,用法: Her ob
4、jective is to get a college education. 她的目标是接受大学教育。If you dont work hard, youll never achieve your objectives.假如你不努力工作,你将永远达不到目的。Achieve表示较难达到的目标。It is an objective report. 这是一篇如实的报道。3.accomplish v. 完成(任务)等The students accomplished the task in less than ten minutes .学生们在不到10分钟内完成了任务。4.predict : v 预言
5、,预示, 预告同义词:forecast v. 预测,预报Its hard to predict when it will happen . 很难预见这件事何时发生。5.accompany : v. 伴随,陪同The lonely old man is accompanied by his dog. 这位孤独的老人让他的狗做伴。All orders must be accompanied with cash. 所有的订货单必须随付现金。 company n. 公司; v. 陪伴6.implement v. 实现,实施,履行(诺言)等The committees suggestions will
6、be implemented immediately.委员会的意见将立即贯彻执行。The changes to the national health system will be implemented next year.对全国医疗体系的改革将在明年进行。7.constraint n. 限制, 约束They told the truth but only under constraint. Constraint on the rules of grammer他们说了实话但是有所保留(是被迫的)。 语法规则的限制(约束)8.tendency : n. 趋势,倾向There is a grow
7、ing tendency for people to work at home instead of in offices.人们在家里而不是在办公室里工作的趋势日益增长。tend v. 趋向,倾向 用法:tend to do sth.He tends to get angry when people disagree with him .当人们不同意他的意见时,他很容易生气。9.achievement n. 完成,成就,An Olympic silver medal is a remarkable achievement for one so young .对一个如此年轻的人来说,获得奥运会银
8、牌是个了不起的成就。achieve v. 完成,做到,达到(目的),实现,获得He will never achieve his objectives if he doesnt work hard .如果他不努力,将会永远达不到目的。10.attain : v. 达到;获得 (长期努力后而获得)同义词:obtain, get She has made up her mind to attain her goal in life. 她下定决心要达到生活中的目标。The apple tree has attained to a great height. 苹果树已长得很高了。11.optimal
9、adj 最佳的The sailors are waiting for optimal weather conditions before taking off .船员们正在等待出航的最佳天气条件。12.argue : vt./vi. 争辩,争论,辩论用法:作不及物动词用时,后边可以接with, about 或over(就争论),for (赞成)或against (反对)She is always ready to argue over the smallest issues. 她总喜欢为极小的问题进行争论。He often argues philosophy with James. 他常和詹姆
10、斯讨论哲学。He argued for immediate action . 他主张立即行动。They argued against such a policy. 他们反对这种政策。作及物动词时,表示“说服、用辩论证明”的意思I argued him out going on such a dangerous journey. 我说服他不做这样危险的旅行。He argued that man was descended from apes. 他论证人类的祖先是猿。13.scheme n 计划 方案He has got a crazy scheme for getting rich before
11、 he is 20 .他制定了一个在20岁之前发财的疯狂计划。14.multiple adj 多样的 复合的What the person does next is the result of the multiple influences to which they have been exposed .一个人下一步会做什么是他受到的多种影响的结果。15.ongoing adj 进行中的,前进的No agreement has yet been reached and the negotiations one still ongoing .目前还没有达成任何协议,谈判仍在进行。16.enti
12、ty n 存在 实体He regarded the north of the country as a separate cultural entity .他把这个国家的北方看成一个单独的文化实体。17.skilled adj 熟练的,有技能的My mother is very skilled at /in dress-making .我母亲非常擅长做衣服。Phrases and Expressions1.(stand, get, be ) in the way 碍事 ,挡道的;妨碍人的If you are not going to help, at least dont get in the
13、 way! 如果你不愿帮忙,至少别妨碍人家。The chair is in the way, please move it away. 这把椅子挡着路,请把它移开。相关短语:in a way 在某种程度上;在某些方面; 从某一点上看in no way 决不;一点也不;in the way of 按照; 就。 而言by way of 取道,经由by the way 顺便问一下2.to make a guess at 猜测You might have been able to make a guess at who she was. 你本来能够猜到她是谁。Can you make a guess at the price ? 你猜得出价钱吗?3.to seek to(inf) 寻求,争取Power stations are seeking to reduce their use of oil .发电站正在设法减少石油的使用4.in part : 部分地;有些部分;在某种程度上This was in part
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