高中英语Unit 1 Great Scientistswords phrases and language points of reading 人教新课标版必修5知识Word文档下载推荐.docx

1、2. 难点：blame, contribute三、知能提升（一）重点单词单词学习1. defeat v. & n.打败；战胜【用法】defeat既可以用作动词，也可以用作名词。用作动词时，后面常接sb. 或者被击败的对象。【例句】South Africa football Team defeated French team last night.昨天晚上，南非足球队击败了法国足球队。Defeat after defeat filled us with despair. 一次又一次的失败使我们完全绝望了。【考查点】defeat，beat与win作“打败”解时的区别：（1）beat与defeat的

2、宾语是战胜或击败的对象；defeat的宾语常指“敌人”。在“游戏或比赛”中beat使用的更多一些，这两个词有时可互换；（2）win 可用作及物动词，也可用作不及物动词。作及物动词表示“赢得”，其宾语为game，war，prize，respect等词（注意win的宾语不能是人）。Though he was beaten in the game, he wasnt discouraged, which won our respect.尽管他输掉了比赛，但他并不灰心，这赢得了我们的尊重。【考题链接】Im sure the Brazil team will _ 2010 World Cup.A. wi

3、n B. beat C. defeat D. succeed答案：A。 解题思路：beat, defeat的宾语是人或者团体；succeed 后面要接介词in；win的宾语是物。句意为：我肯定巴西队将赢得2010年世界杯。2. attend vt.&vi. 照顾；护理；出席；参加；注意；专心；留意【用法】attend表示照料某人时，可以用attend sb.，也可以用短语attend to（on）sb. 【例句】She has to stay at home to attend to（on） her sick mother. 她只好留在家里照看生病的妈妈。Will you attend the

4、 wedding ceremony tomorrow?你会参加明天的结婚典礼吗？【考查点】join, join in, take part in 和 attend 的用法比较 这几个词或短语都有“参加”的意思，但用法不同。（1）join指加入某个党派、团体、组织等，成为其成员之一，意为：“参军、入团、入党”等。Do you know when China joined the WTO?你知道中国是什么时候加入世界贸易组织的吗？（2）join in多指参加小规模的活动，如“球赛、游戏”等，常用于日常口语。Can you tell me the reason why you didnt join

5、in the talk last night?你能够告诉我昨晚你为什么没参加座谈吗？（3）take part in 指参加会议或群众性活动等，着重说明句子的主语参加该项活动并在活动中发挥作用。How many countries and areas took part in the Shanghai EXPO？有多少个国家和地区参加了上海世博会？（4）attend是正式用语，指参加会议，婚礼，葬礼，典礼；去上课，上学，听报告等。句子的主语只是去听，去看，自己不一定起积极作用。Hell go to Beijing to attend an important meeting tomorrow.

6、他明天要去北京参加一个重要的会议。【考题链接】（1）I still remember the day when I _the Party.（2）He didnt_ my lecture, and I dont know why.（3）Why not stay and_ the game with us?（4）The aim for _ the Olympic Games is not only for medals.答案及解题思路：（1）joined join the Party意为：入党。注意要运用正确的时态。（2）attend（3）join in 由于前面用了why not，因此后面要用动

7、词原形。（4）taking part in 要注意，介词后面要用动词的-ing形式。3. cure v. & n.治愈；痊愈；治疗【用法】cure用作动词时，常用于cure sb. of sth.。【例句】A new cure has been found for the H1N1 virus that spread all over the world. 一种治疗在全球传播的甲流的新方法已经被找到了。The doctor was sure the pure girls wound would be cured. 医生敢肯定这个纯洁女孩的伤会被治愈的。【考查点】cure和treat的区别：（1

8、）cure意为“治愈”，侧重结果。The doctor cured him of his stroke using Chinese medicine.医生用中医疗法治愈了他的中风。（2）treat意为“治疗”，强调动作；常用treat sb. for sth.结构。Many people affected with Aids are being treated in the special hospital.许多感染了艾滋病的病人正在那家专门的医院接受救治。4. absorb vt. 吸收；吸引；使专心；使并入【例句】This kind of cloth absorbs light and t

9、herefore is used to make curtains.这种布料能吸收光线，所以可以用来做窗帘。The old man was completely absorbed in the book he was reading.那位老人在全神贯注地读这本书。【考查点】absorbed adj.精神集中的absorbing adj.十分吸引人的absorb from sth.从中吸收be absorbed in专心于，全神贯注于He was so absorbed in his study that he didnt notice my coming in.他如此专注于学习以至于没有注意到

10、我进来。【考题链接】_ writing the article, Mrs. Curie even forgot her dinner.A. Being absorbed in B. Absorbing at C. Absorbed in D. To absorb inC 本小题考查be absorbed in这一短语作原因状语，将其补全为：Because Mrs. Curie was absorbed in writing the article5. blame v.责备；指责【用法】be to blame （for） 在表示“应（为）承担责任；该（为）受责备”时，不能用被动语态。【例句】Th

11、e children were not to blame for the accident.孩子们不应因这个事故而受到谴责。（1）blame sb. for sth./doing sth.因为某事责备某人/责备某人做了某事（2）blame sth. on sb.把某事归咎于某人The police blamed the traffic accident on Jacks careless driving.警察把那起交通事故归咎于杰克的粗心驾驶。（3）accept/bear/take the blame for sth.对某事负责任The driver took the blame for th

12、e accident. 那位司机承担起了事故的所有责任。（4）put/lay the blame for sth. on sb.将某事归咎于某人【易错点】be to blame （for）在表示“应（为）承担责任；该（为）受责备”时，不能用于被动语态，但并不意味着blame不能用于被动语态，在表示“某人受到责备”时，就要用被动形式。He was blamed for breaking the window. 他因打破了窗子而受到责备。【考题链接】_for the breakdown of the school computer network，Alice was in low spirits

13、A. Blaming B. Blamed C. To blame D. To be blamed B本题考查过去分词作原因状语。根据题意可以将原句转换为：“As Alice was blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network, she was in low spirits”6. contribute vt. & vi. 捐献, 捐助, 贡献出，捐赠；撰稿, 投稿，讲话，发表意见【例句】I contributed a pound towards Janes leaving present.我凑了一英镑给简买告别礼物。She regularly contributes to the college magazine.她定期给校刊投稿。（1）contribute to 是固定搭配，to为介词，意为“捐献；贡献；把（时间）投入到；给投稿；有助于”（2）contribution n.贡献；捐献；投稿。短语：make a contribution to捐赠；作出贡献即学即练1. I feel it is your husband who_ for the spoiled child. A. is to blame B. is going to blame C. is to be b