英语中所有19种修辞手法的全部解释和例句文档格式.docx

1、metf; -f 隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成.1.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper.希望是美好的早餐,但却是一个糟糕的晚餐。2.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.一些书可供品尝,别人吞下,有些书则需要细嚼慢咽,好好消化。3.Metonymy 借喻,转喻 mtnm 借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称.I.以容器代替内容,例如:.The

2、kettle boils. 水开了.The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着.II.以资料.工具代替事物的名称,例如:Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说.III.以作者代替作品,例如:a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集VI.以具体事物代替抽象概念,例如:I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气,他们就用我的力气赚钱.4.Synecdoche 提喻 snekdk 提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特殊代替一般.There are about 100 han

3、ds working in his factory.（部分代整体）他的厂里约有100名工人.He is the Newton of this century.（特殊代一般）他是本世纪的牛顿.The fox goes very well with your cap.（整体代部分）这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配.5.Synaesthesia 通感,联觉,移觉 ,snsiz 这种修辞法是以视.听.触.嗅.味等感觉直接描写事物.通感就是把不同感官的感觉沟通起来，借联想引起感觉转移，“以感觉写感觉”。通感技巧的运用，能突破语言的局限，丰富表情达意的审美情趣，起到增强文采的艺术效果。比如：欣赏建筑的重复与变化

4、的样式会联想到音乐的重复与变化的节奏；闻到酸的东西会联想到尖锐的物体；听到飘渺轻柔的音乐会联想到薄薄的 半透明的纱子；又比如朱自清荷塘月色里的“ 微风过处送来缕缕清香,仿佛远处高楼上渺茫的歌声似的”。 例如: 1.The birds sat upon a tree and poured forth their lily like voice.（用视觉形容听觉，鸟落在树上，由它发出的声音联想到 百合花） 鸟儿落在树上,倾泻出百合花似的声音. 2.Taste the music of Mozart.（用嗅觉形容听觉） 品尝Mozart的音乐.6.Personification 拟人 p,snfke

5、（）n 拟人是把生命赋予无生命的事物.The night gently lays her hand at our fevered heads.（把夜拟人化）夜轻轻把她的手在我们的狂热的头上。.I was very happy and could hear the birds singing in the woods.（把鸟拟人化）我很高兴,能听到鸟儿在树林里歌唱。7.Hyperbole 夸张 hapbl夸张是以言过其实的说法表达强调的目的.它可以加强语势,增加表达效果.I beg a thousand pardons.Love you. You are the whole world to m

6、e, and the moon and the stars.When she heard the bad news, a river of tears poured out.8.Parallelism 排比, 平行 prlelzm 这种修辞法是把两个或两个以上的结构大体相同或相似,意思相关,语气一致的短语.句子排列成串,形成一个整体.No one can be perfectly free till all are free; no one can be perfectly moral till all are moral; no one can be perfectly happy till

7、 all are happy.In the days when all these things are to be answered for, I summon you and yours, to the last of your bad race, to answer for them. In the days when all these things are to be answered for, I summon your brother, the worst of your bad race, to answer for them separately.9.Euphemism 委婉

8、,婉辞法 jufmz（）m 婉辞法指用委婉,文雅的方法表达粗恶,避讳的话.He is out visiting the necessary. 他出去方便一下.His relation with his wife has not been fortunate. 他与妻子关系不融洽.Deng Xiaoping passed away in 1997. （去世）10.Allegory 讽喻,比方（原意“寓言”）lg（）r 建立在假借过去或别处的事例与对象之上，传达暗示，影射或者讥讽现世各种现象的含义。英文解释：an expressive style that uses fictional chara

9、cters and events to describe some subject by suggestive resemblances; an extended metaphor 摘自英语专业大学英语教程一书这是一种源于希腊文的修辞法,意为换个方式的说法.它是一种形象的描述,具有双重性,表层含义与真正意味的是两回事.例如:.Make the hay while the sun shines.表层含义：趁着出太阳的时候晒草 真正意味：趁热打铁 .Its time to turn plough into sword.是时候把犁变成剑11.Irony 反语 arn 反语指用相反意义的词来表达意思的

10、作文方式.如在指责过失.错误时,用赞同过失的说法,而在表扬时,则近乎责难的说法.It would be a fine thing indeed not knowing what time it was in the morning.早上没有时间观念还真是一件好事啊（真实含义是应该明确早上的时间观念）Of course, you only carry large notes, no small change on you. the waiter said to the beggar.12.Pun 双关 pn双关就是用一个词在句子中的双重含义,借题发挥.作出多种解释,旁敲侧击,从而达到意想不到的幽

11、默.滑稽效果.它主要以相似的词形.词意和谐音的方式出现.She is too low for a high praise, too brown for a fair praise and too little for a great praise.她面对高度的赞美过于卑歉；对适度的赞扬过于冷漠；对大度的赞颂过于渺小。.An ambassador is an honest man who lies abroad for the good of his country.大使就是为本国利益向外界说谎的诚实男人。.If we dont hang together, we shall hang sepa

12、rately. 如果我们不团结在一起，我们将分开。13.Parody 仿拟 rd 这是一种模仿名言.警句.谚语,改动其中部分词语,从而使其产生新意的修辞.Rome was not built in a day, nor in a year.A friend in need is a friend to be avoided.14.Rhetorical question 修辞疑问（反问） rtrk（）l 3.If you give a girl an inch nowadays she will make address of it.它与疑问句的不同在于它并不以得到答复为目的,而是以疑问为手段,

13、取得修辞上的效果,其特点是:肯定问句表示强烈否定,而否定问句表示强烈的肯定.它的答案往往是不言而喻的.How was it possible to walk for an hour through the woods and see nothing worth of note?这怎么可能在树林中走了一小时，什么值得记录的也看不见.Shall we allow those untruths to go unanswered?我们让那些谎言置之不理15.Antithesis 对照,对比,对偶 ntss这种修辞指将意义完全相反的语句排在一起对比的一种修辞方法.Not that I loved Caeser less but that I loved Rome more.You are staying; I am going.Give me