动词不定式用法与专项练习Word文件下载.docx

1、1）在口语中，动词不定式作主语时常用形式主语it，而真正的主语则被置于句子后部。It always pays to be honest. 老实不吃亏。 It is of great importance to solve the housing problem. 解决住房问题是很重要的。It will take me three hours to do this job. 干这个工作我花了三个小时。2）假如动词不定式要带逻辑主语，则需用介词of 或for来引导。Its good for me to have a talk with you. 我很高兴和你交谈。It is really impo

2、rtant for students to learn English well. 对学生们来说，学好英语很重要。It is possible for all nations to unite to get rid of the terrorists. 所有国家携手铲除恐怖分子，这是可以做到的。It is stupid of John to help such a shameless girl. 约翰真傻，竟去帮助这样一个无耻的女孩。It is cruel of man to kill animals in such a casual manner. 人类如此随便地屠杀动物，真是残忍。s un

3、fair of the teacher to single（vt.挑选） Li Ming out for praise. 老师单挑李民来表扬是不公平的。能用于介词of结构的形容词有：good, nice, kind, bad, cruel, wicked, clever, bright, wise, silly, foolish, stupid, selfless, sensible, selfish, insensible, polite, fair, generous, rude, unfair, mean等。这些形容词主要表示做这件事的人的品格或素质。能用于介词for 结构的形容词有：i

4、mportant, necessary, impossible, better, worse, easy, difficult heavy, light等。3）在疑问句或感叹句中, 要用it来作主语.Is it worth our while to hold such a long meeting? 值得我们开这样长时间的会吗?What good news it is for me to hear that my brother has got his visa （viz n. 签证） to America！对我来说, 听到弟弟拿到去美国的签证该是多好的消息啊!（2） 动词不定式（短语）作宾语

5、I will leave it to you to make the final decision. 我将由你来做最后的决定。She decided to quit her job at last. 最后，她决定辞职。 I hope to see you soon. 我希望很快见到你。1） 在以下这些动词后面只能跟动词不定式（短语）作宾语：afford, agree, aim, ask, claim, choose, decide, demand, desire, determine, expect, fail, hope, manage, offer, plan, pretend, prom

6、ise, refuse, resolve, threaten, wish, want等。然而以下动词后面既可跟动词不定式（短语）又可跟动名词（短语）,但意思有的有差别，有的相同：attempt, begin, continue, deserve, disdain（dsdeinvt.不屑）, dread, endure, fear, forget, hate, help, intend, learn, like, love, mean, need, neglect, omit（umitvt. 遗漏;省略;删去）, prefer, proceed（prsi:d开始,着手,出发+to-v）, pro

7、pose,regret,remember,start,begin,try,want 等。He disdains going to the cinema. 他不屑于去看电影。He disdains to sit with people like us. 他不屑与我们这等人同席而坐。He neglected to write and say Thank you. 他因疏忽而未写信道谢。Dont neglect writing to your mother. 别忘了给你母亲写信。2）在should （would） like, love, prefer 等之后必须用动词不定式（短语）。Id like

8、to give you a big hand. 我想用掌声欢迎您。d love to come to China again someday 我愿意来日再访中国。3）在下列及物动词后一般可跟疑问词 + 动词不定式短语：advise, ask, decide, find out, instruct, know, forget, imagine, learn, observe, remember, tell, think, understand, wonder等。I dont know what to do. 我不知道该怎么办。The children are learning how to pl

9、ay the game. 孩子们在学做游戏。（3）动词不定式（短语）作表语The most important thing for the United states to do now is to rescue the wounded. 现在，对美国来说，最重要的是抢救伤员。1）动词不定式（短语）作表语，可用主动形式表示被动含义的结构有to blame, to let.Who is to blame? 谁该受到责备？ The house is to let. 该房屋出租。Suspects are still to find out. 凶手还有待查明。2）be to 含有按计划，按排命令将做的

10、事或应该，可能，注定将发生的事。We are to meet once a week. 我们按计划将一个月碰一次头。（安排）When is the examination to be held? 考试按规定什么时候举行？（计划或规定）You are to come at once. 你得按指令马上来。（命令） What is to be done? 应该怎么办？ （应该）The key is nowhere to be found. 哪儿也找不到钥匙。（可能）Am I never to see her again? 难道我就永远见不到她了吗？（注定）（4） 动词不定式（短语）作宾语补足语或在被

11、动语态中作主语补足语宾语与其宾补或主语与其主补形成逻辑上的主谓关系。Wed love you to give us a hand. 我们想让你帮个忙。He was made to repair the broken chair. 要他修理弄坏的椅子。She was seen to draw a wonderful picture. 有人见她作了幅美丽的画儿。1）在一些动词后，用作宾语补语的动词不定式符号to 要省略掉。这类动词包括感官动词以及使役动词，如feel, spot, look at, listen to, observe,少而好学,如日出之阳;壮而好学,如日中之光;老而好学,如炳烛之

12、明。刘向 1泪水和汗水的化学成分相似，但前者只能为你换来同情，后者却可以为你赢的成功see, hear, watch, notice, have, make, let 等。但如果句子为被动语态，动词不定式（短语）为主补时，要带to（let 除外）。I heard her sing a song in the next room yesterday. 我昨天听见她在隔壁唱过一首歌。（She was heard to sing a song in the next room yesterday.）I had John fix my bike. 我让约翰修理我的自行车。 The boy was ma

13、de to go to bed early. 这男孩被迫早上床睡觉。She was seen to walk into the classroom with a book under her arm. 有人看见她胳臂下夹着一本书走进了教室。2）有些动词后面的宾语补语常是to be，这样的动词有：believe,consider,declare,find,imagine,know,prove,suppose, understand等。 I will consider him to be an honest man. 我会认为他是一个诚实的人。She was believed to be inno

14、cent. 大家都相信她是清白的。3）下列动词后不能跟名词或代词+动词不定式结构admit, confess, demand, explain, hope, propose, suggest 等。My mother suggested that we （should） finish our homework before watching TV. 妈妈建议我们做完作业后才看电视。（不能说My mother suggested us to finish our homework before watching TV）I hoped that the bus would come early. 我希望公共汽车能快点来。（不能说I hoped the bus to come early. 但可以说I hope for the bus to come early. 类似结构有wait for sb. to do；arrange for sb. to do 等）（5）动词不定式（短语）作定语： 动词不定式（短语）作定语需后置。与所修饰的词有主谓或动宾关系。When the question was out, h