高考语法填空考点总结材料文档格式.docx

1、非谓语动词现在分词过去分词不定式形容词与副词的比较级或最高级词性转换（名词&动词&形容词&副词）词义转换（派生词）纯空格冠词（a/an/the）介词（in, on, at , behind, for, with, from.）代词人称代词（主格&宾格）物主代词（形容词性物主代词&名词性物主代词）反身代词指示代词（this，that，these, those）不定代词（some, other, another,both,.）疑问代词连词从属连词名词性从句定语从句状语从句并列连词（but, however, so, and, .）固定短语或句型有提示词的解题技巧一：谓语动词：若句子没有别的谓语动词

2、，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词就是谓语动词；若是谓语动词，就要考虑时态和语态。1. His fear of failure_（keep） him from classroom games that other children played excitedly. kept2. That was definitely not an attractive idea so I politely declined her invitation, _（close） my book and walked away. closed3. Three people _（take）

3、 to a hospital, while others were treated at a local clinic. . were taken4. She told him that she _ （bring） him the water in ten minutes. would bring二、非谓语动词若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定用现在分词、过去分词，还是不定式。非谓语动词的形式一定要考虑它与其逻辑主语之间的关系。技巧一：作主语或宾语，通常用现在分词形式表示习惯或一般情况，用不定式表示具体的情况。1. But it is not

4、enough only_（memorize） rules from a grammar book. 解析：因it是形式主语，后面用不定式作真正的主语，故填to memorize。2._（speak） out your feeling wont make you feel ashamed.句中已有谓语wont make，所以speak应为非谓语动词；谓语前面应为主语，作主语，表示一般情况，要用动名词短语，故填Speaking。技巧二：作目的状语或者在形容词后作状语，一般用不定式。1. _ （complete） the project as planned, well have to work t

5、wo more hours a day.因句中已有谓语will have to work，所以complete应为非谓语动词；因“（为了）按计划完成这项工程”是“我们每天不得不额外多工作两小时”的目的，作目的状语，用动词不定式，故填To complete。2. Some people say that oldest children, who are smart and strong-willed, are very likely _ （succeed）. 因在形容词likely后作状语，要用动词不定式，故填to succeed。技巧三：作伴随状语，常用分词，与逻辑主语是主动关系，用现在分词，

6、与逻辑主语是被动关系，用过去分词。这样的题一般要特别注意空格前的逗号。1. He saw the stone, _（say） to himself: “The night will be very dark.” 句中已有谓语saw，所给动词与saw不是并列关系，应当是非谓语动词；又因He与say是主动关系，故填saying作伴随状语。2. The headmaster went into the lab, _ （follow） by the foreign guests.句中已有谓语went，而follow又不是与之并列的，故为非谓语动词；又因the headmaster与follow是被动关

7、系，故用过去分词作伴随状语。3. There will be a meeting, _ （start） later this year to review the film. 因a meeting与start是主动关系，用现在分词短语作定语，补充说明a meeting，故填starting。4. Lessons _（learn） in sports can help us in our dealing with other people. 因句中已有谓语can help，所以learn应为非谓语动词；又因lesson与learn是被动关系，要用过去分词短语作定语，故填learned。特别提醒有

8、时给出的动词可能既不是谓语动词也不是非谓语动词，而是要求词类转换。如：But Jane knew from past experience that her _ （choose） of ties hardly ever pleased her father. 括号中所给词choose虽然是动词，但在句中作主语，且在形容词性物主代词后，应当填choose的名词形式choice。谓语动词与非谓语动词的比较练习：1. He entered the room，_（hold） a book in his hand. holding He entered the room and _（hold） a bo

9、ok in his hand. held2. I politely refused her invitation and _（walk） away. walked I politely refused her invitation，_（walk） away. walking3. A boy _（call） Jack came here today. called A boy who _（call） Jack came here today. was called4. We enjoy the movie _（direct） by a famous artist. directed We enj

10、oy the movie which _（direct） by a famous artist. was directed5. When I _（hear） the news，I was excited. heard When_（hear） the news，I was excited. hearing6. Unless I _（invite），I won,t attend the party. was invited Unless _（invite），I wont attend the party. invited3 给出的提示词是形容词或副词当括号中所给的词是形容词或副词，且根据句义空格处

11、需要的仍是形容词或副词，则可能填该词的比较级或最高级。1. He is one of the _（great） man that I have ever known. greatest2. _（luck） than other students in her class, she was admitted to Beijing University. Luckier3. When he sees other students _（good） than him, he usually think that they have higher IQ. better4. At first we wan

12、ted to fly because it would be _（fast） and would save us more time. faster5. The _（big） and most powerful animal in the forest was the bear. biggest6. The _（young） angel was very angry and blame the older angel. younger解题技巧：1. 若两者之间比较，或者有than，就用比较级2. 不出现than, 即省略了“than+比较对象”这种隐含式比较级，要注意语境理解3. 注意“les

13、s/least+原级”这样的降级比较4. 若是多者之间比较，或者有in、of等介词短语表示比较范围，要用最高级5. 比较级前可用a bit、a little表示稍稍，一点；用much、a lot 表示“得多”、even表示“更加”6. asas之间用原级7. 最高级前要有the（1）The other frog went on jumping as hard as he could. He jumped even_ （hard） and nearly made himself out. harder（2）The _（strong） we become, the more modest we s

14、hould be. stronger（3）Of the two coats, Id choose the_（cheap） one to spare some money for a book. cheaper（4）You are driving too fast. Can you drive a bit _（slow）? slower（5）This washing machine is environmentally friendly because it uses _（little） water and electricity than older models. less（6）The melon the Smiths served at dinner would have tasted _（good） if it had been put in the fridge for a little while