18学年高中英语Unit2CloningSectionⅣLearningaboutLanguageWord文档下载推荐.docx

1、 Dolly the sheep2000 cow gave birth to a bison2001 Chinas first cloned twin calves2002 first cloned cats2005 first cloned dog.extinct adj.灭绝的；消亡的介词短语of cloning .作定语，修饰The possibility。popularity/ppjlrtI/n.受人喜爱；流行such as 例如Jurassic/drsIk/Park 侏罗纪公园（美国电影名）several kinds of 几种strike/straIk/vt. &vi. （stru

2、ck, struck）打；撞击；罢工n.罢工strike . into ones heart使刻骨铭心该句主干是The popularity of films proves how .其中in which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰JurassicPark。how引导宾语从句，作proves的宾语。experiment with 用做实验This is because . 这是因为， because后接表原因的句子，在此是表语从句。as this list shows是as引导的方式状语从句。现在分词短语using the embryos of mice作定语，修饰research。Dolly

3、the sheep 多莉羊bison/baIsn/n.北美或欧洲野牛calf/kf/n.小牛；牛犊恐龙的回归？第1段译文克隆凶猛和灭绝的野生动物的可能性一直使电影制片商感到兴奋。然而他们并不是唯一对此感到兴奋的人！在侏罗纪公园这部影片中，有一位科学家克隆了好几种不同的绝种恐龙。类似这样的电影很受欢迎，证明了这一想法使人们感到既兴奋又恐惧。但事实上，要想克隆绝种动物，我们还有很长的路要走。科学家们现在还在进行克隆哺乳动物实验。这是因为克隆哺乳动物仍然还是一门新的科学，它是从20世纪50年代才开始认真进行研究的，如下列所示：20世纪50年代：克隆青蛙20世纪70年代：用老鼠胚胎进行研究1979年：

4、对羊和老鼠的胚胎进行研究1981年：首次对老鼠进行实验性的克隆1983年：首次对奶牛进行实验性的克隆1996年：首次克隆哺乳动物（多莉羊）2000年：奶牛生野牛2001年：中国首次克隆出双胞胎小牛2002年：首次克隆猫2005年：首次克隆狗From time to time people suggest that extinct animals like dinosaurs, can possibly be brought back to life through cloning. Unfortunately, with what we know now, this is either imp

5、ossible or unsuitable. There are many reasons.The initial requirement is that you need perfect DNA （which gives information for how cells are to grow）.All efforts of cloning an animal will be in vain if there is not enough diversity in the group to overcome illnesses. Diversity in a group means havi

6、ng animals with their genes arranged in different ways. The advantage is that if there is a new illness some of these animals may die, but others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next generation. The great drawback to cloning a group of animals is that they would al

7、l have the same arrangement of genes and so might die of the same illness. Then none of them would be left to continue the species.It would be unfair to clone any extinct animals if they were to live in a zoo. A suitable habitat would be needed for them to lead a natural life.from time to time （相当于s

8、ometimes, not very often）不时；偶尔bring back to life 使复生；使复活either . or . 或者或者；要么要么（连接并列结构）initial/InIl/adj.最初的；开始的DNA 脱氧核糖核酸that引导表语从句， which引导定语从句，修饰DNA。in vain 白费力气；枉费心机vain/vein/adj.虚荣的；自负的；徒劳的diversity n差异（性）；不同（点）；多样化overcome v战胜；克服mean doing sth. 意味着做某事with their .是with的复合结构， genes与arrange之间为被动关系

9、。The advantage is that if ., that引导表语从句，在表语从句中包含if引导的条件状语从句。resist/rIzIst/vt.抵抗；对抗pass on . to . 把传给；把转交给drawback/drbk/n.缺点；不利条件（常与of/to搭配）die of 死于（疾病、衰老等自身原因）It would be . if they were to live .用了与将来事实相反的虚拟语气。lead a natural life 过正常的野生生活 第2段译文不时地会有人提议，克隆技术将有可能使地球上已经灭绝的动物（如恐龙）复活。不幸的是，据我们现在所知这是不可能的，

10、也是不合适的。其原因有很多：首先要求你有完好的DNA（它提供有关细胞将如何生长的信息）。如果某个动物群体没有足够的多样性以战胜疾病，那么克隆这种动物的所有努力都将是无用的。种群多样性是指种群中动物的基因以不同的方式排列。其优点是，如果发生了某种新的疾病，这类动物中的一些可能会死去，而另外一些却能存活下来，并且把这种免疫力传给下一代。经过克隆的动物群体的最大缺点是：它们的基因排列有可能完全相同，因而它们有可能会死于同一种疾病。这样它们可能一个也留不下来传宗接代了。你如果克隆出任何绝种动物，而它们必须生活在动物园里，那是不公平的。它们需要适当的栖息地过正常的野生生活。Based on what w

11、e know now， you cannot clone animals that have been extinct longer than 10,000 years. Actually, dinosaurs disappeared 65,000,000 years ago. So the chance of dinosaurs ever returning to the earth is merely a dream.过去分词短语Based on what we know now作状语。dinosaurs ever returning to the earth是动名词的复合结构，置于of之

12、后，构成of短语，作the chance的定语。merely/mIlI/adv.仅；只；不过（相当于only）第3段译文就我们现在所知道的而言，不可能克隆那些已经绝种了一万年以上的动物。事实上恐龙在6 500万年以前就已经消失了。所以说恐龙回归地球的可能性仅仅是个梦想罢了。Step 1Read the text carefully and answer the following questions.1Whats the main idea of the second paragraph?To_explain_the_impossibility_of_cloning_dinosaurs.2Whats the writers attitude towards cloning dinosaurs?Negative.3Why cant you clone the DNA of animals that have been extinct longer t