燃料电池发电系统应用分析Word格式.doc

1、燃料电池作为一种环保的、界面友好的可再生能源和理想的分布式电源，可以广泛地应用十各行各业，并目_是一种非常理想的分布式电源。与传统能源相比，燃料电池发电技术具有政治、经济和环境方面的优势。燃料电池系统清洁、安静、高效、热电联供的特性，使它们适合十偏远地区和电力基础设施薄弱的发展中国家。燃料电池技术经过近半个世纪的研究和开发，加以发达国家政府的政策扶持，燃电池技术有了长足的发展，某些类型的燃料电池已经步入商业化应用和军事应用阶段。_燃料电池作为分布式电源应用和部队通信装备电源应用是非常理想的，这为燃料电池发电系统在我国和军队的发展展现了广阔的前景。 本文通过对燃料电池基本知识的介绍，阐述了燃料电

2、池的工作原理、种类和特性。对燃料电池的发展历史、国内外燃料电池商业化研发和应用现状和发展趋势进行了比较清晰的阐述，并对我国军队的通信电源供电的现状及质子交换膜燃料1电池技术在通信电源领域的应用优势和前景进行了比较全面的分析，提出了发展野战质子交换膜燃料电池需要解决的关键技术。 在文中，提出了一个燃料电池单体的动态电气化学模型，用十表现、模拟和评估小型燃料电池发电系统特别是质子交换膜燃料电池堆的各项性能，模拟仿真的结果展现了燃料电池的输出电压、效率和功率与负载电流的关系和良好的负载动态响应能力，提出了实际应用中的峰值功率等问题。根据燃料电池发电系统、部队用户负载和既设供电设施之间的所要求的交互程

3、度，本文提出了部队应用燃料电池发电系统的四种运行模式。并目_针对不同的运行模式，提出了部队可能应用的场所和相应的接口形式、控制原则。 本文根据通信部队集中发信台站的负载类型和特点，对燃料电池输出的电压一电流极化特性所带来的空载和满载电压差别，提出了应用模块式燃料电池的接口方案，通过模拟仿真，优化分析了以降电压控制技术为控制手段的多电平直流抓制器的接口方案，有效地解决了在发信机投入过程中负载电流变化时燃料电池发电系统电力接口器件减载运行问题，带来诸如模块化操作和增强发电可靠性等优点，提高了模块化燃料电池系统的利用率。abstract With the increase of energy dem

4、and, clean the distributed power becomes more and more important. Fuel cells as a kind of environmental protection, friendly interface of renewable energy and ideal of the distributed power, can be widely ten industries, and eye _ is a very ideal distributed power supply. Compared with the tradition

5、al energy, fuel cell power technology has the political, economic and environmental advantages. Fuel cell system clean, quiet, efficiency, and the characteristics of the event, make them suitable for 10 remote areas and the power of the weak infrastructure in developing countries. Fuel cell technolo

6、gy after nearly half a century of research and development, to the developed countries of the policy of the government support, fuel cell technology has developed rapidly, some types of fuel cells have entered into commercial application and military application stage. _ fuel cell as the distributed

7、 power application and forces communication equipment is very ideal power application, this for fuel cell power generation system in China and the development of the army showed the broad prospect.This article through to the basic knowledge of the fuel cell, the author introduces the working princip

8、le of the fuel cells and the types and characteristics. The development history of fuel cells, and fuel cell research and development and commercialization application status and development trend of clear, and also our troops to the communication power supply and the status of proton exchange membr

9、ane fuel cell technology in communication power supply 1 in the field of application advantages and prospect of comprehensive analysis, it raises the field of proton exchange membrane fuel cell needs to solve the key technology.In this paper, put forward a fuel cell monomer dynamic electrical chemic

10、al model, with ten performance, simulation and evaluation small fuel cell power generation systems especially proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack of various performance, the results of the simulation show the fuel cell, the output voltage of efficiency and power and load current relations and t

11、he good load dynamic response ability, the paper put forward a practical application of peak power. According to the fuel cell power generation systems, forces the user load and power supply facilities is set for interaction between the degree, this paper puts forward fuel cell power generation syst

12、em application forces of four operating mode. And orders for the operation mode of the different _, and puts forward the application of troops could place and the corresponding interface form, control principle.This paper according to communication unit of the station sent a concentrated load types

13、and characteristics of the fuel cell and the output voltage a current polarization characteristic brings the no-load and full load voltage difference, and put forward the application module type of fuel cell interface scheme, through the simulation, optimization analysis to drop the voltage control

14、technology for control of the means of multilevel dc catch making machines interface scheme, which can effectively solve the letter in the process of investment in machine load current change fuel cell electric power generation system interface device and reducing load operation problem, bring about

15、 such as modular operation and enhance power reliability etc, and improve the utilization rate of modular fuel cell systems.关键字:质子交换膜燃料电池，发电系统，军事应用，模型仿真，电力接口Key word: proton exchange membrane fuel cell, power generation system, military applications, model simulation, power interface1 绪 论1.1 引言能源是经济

16、发展的基础，没有能源工业的发展就没有现代文明。能源是改变工业和全球经济的一个重要领域。人类为了更有效地利用能源一直在进行着不懈的努力。历史上利用能源的方式有过多次革命性的变革，从原始的蒸汽机到汽轮机、高压汽轮机、内燃机、燃气轮机，每一次能源利用方式的变革都极大地推进了现代文明的发展。工业和人口的压力会增加未来对清洁能源的需求。生物技术革命可能使人的预期寿命延长，需要的能源会更多；电子业的发展肯定会要求更多的电能来开动机器；旅游、食品加工和金融都会增加对能源的需求。人类对健康生活的不懈追求，对空气质量要求越来越高，同时气候的改变造成自然灾害的频发，迫使世界各国重新审视他们的能源应用政策。同时，各国的能源需求持续增长，对国外的石油依赖程度越来越高，这严重影响着一个国家的安全环境。因此，研究、开发和应用清洁的、可更新的能源技术成为当务之急。由于发电机和电极过程动力学的研究未能跟上，燃料电池的研究直到20世纪50年代才有了实质性的进展，