1、5、非谓语动词(不定式、动名词、分词)的构成及其用法;6、虚拟语气的构成及其用法;7、各类从句的构成及其用法;8、强调句型的结构及其用法;9、常用倒装句的结构及其用法。二简介在 考试中此部分共设10道题,其中5道为词汇题,另5道为语法题。每道考题中有一空白,要求考生在了解句义的基础上根据词汇或语法要求在四个备选答案中选择一个最佳答案。本部分每题0.5分,满分为20分。其难点在于:比例虽小,知识点却多而杂,令大多数考生食之无味,弃之可惜。不过,掌握适当的复习方法肯定是行之有效的:1.精研历年真题。切勿简单地认为考过的题毫无价值可言,恰恰相反,因为在职硕士学位英语联考是一项标准化的命题考试,某一种
2、题型如果特别有针对性,或者其答案被多数考生选错,那就证明该题的效度和信度较高,重考的机率相对来说也就大一些。我们的讲解例句将主要从往年真题里选取,在下面的讲解中,大家会注意到,某些语法项目在往年真题中反复出现,而某些词汇也会反复出现在不同年份真题里,有时是答案选项,有时则是干扰项。2.熟悉常考的语法难点和词汇题型。这一点将在下文详细论述。三. 词汇与结构的整体思路1.确认缺省成分,即考点。分析考点就相当于写作时的审题,看病时的对症下药。要揣测出题人的意图所在,是测试词汇,还是语法?这是一眼就可看穿的。如选项的词汇相同,只是形式不一样,就是考语法;如选项给出的是不同的词汇,则基本可以肯定是词汇题
3、(当然各种从句的关联词也不一样)。如考语法,是考简单的句型,还是测试特殊的结构?有不少同学在选中答案之后。仍不清楚句子的整体结构,这样做失误的机率相当大。也有不少同学受汉语思维的影响,将句子译成中文后再选择,既浪费时间又落人了出题人在某些选项中设计的“圈套”。例如:2. It_commonplace to think of sport as a “leisure industry” now.( 2006)A. became B. will become C. is becoming D. had become2.找出题干暗示信息正如人是社会性的动物一样,一个词或词组只有放在特定的语言环境,即上
4、下文中才具有生命力。著名语言学家奥斯汀指出,任何一种在自然环境下产生的语言,都有其“言内之意”、“言外之意”及“言后之意”。所以不管出题者是有意识的还是无意识的,只要题干提供了完整的语境,就一定有足够的已知信息帮助考生判断选项的正误。(2006)10. Chocolate manufacturers blend many types of beans to yield _ and color desired in the final product.( 2006)A. the shape B. the flavorC. the function D. the brand3.确认逻辑关系逻辑上的
5、主语和谓语、谓语和宾语、宾语和宾补的主被动关系,从句主语与主句主语、谓语的一致关系,是处理非谓语动词、独立主格结构、主谓一致等题型的切人点。例如 4. The Mona Lisa, _ in Italy, is now in the Louvre, a museum in Paris ( 2004). A. who painted B. who was painted C. which painted D. which was painted该题中的The Mona Lisa显然指的是一幅画,其逻辑主语是物不是人,故可直接排除A、B,只能是C或D,根据句意,应是被动,答案为D。词汇考点总结关于
6、词汇测试,从考察的词性来看,重点在动词、名词、形容词、和副词上,不定代词、数词等在往年真题中几乎没有考查过。从考官的考查思路来看,考点可以归纳为以下几个方面:(1) 近形词辨析。英语中有一部分单词的动词形式和名词形式很接近,容易混淆,如advise, advice;practise,practice;affect,effect等等。还有一部分单词形式上雷同,但意义及用法相去甚远,某些由相同词根衍生出来的单词,意义也不同,切不可望文生义。如:adapt和adopt;sensitive和sensible;late和lately;high, highly, available和attainable,
7、 advisable等等。该题型在其他类型的考试中非常常见,但在 中数量并不多。1. The new currency will get into _ soon. ( 2003)A. circuitB. circulationC. circular D. circle3. The captain of the ship _ the passengers that there was no danger. ( 2003)A. assured B. ensuredC. secured D. insured(2)近义词或词组辨析,包括搭配关系。这类题目常常译成汉语时词义相近,但用法相去甚远。出题者往
8、往针对考生只记中文意思,而不花心思掌握词或词组用法这一薄弱环节,将一系列近义同或词组放在一起,若把握不住选项之间的语义内涵及差异,失分的可能性极大。 英语联考词汇部分中这一类型很多。9. To get the best view of Sydney Harbour, take a Sydney Seaplane flight _ the Harbour and Bondi Beach. ( 2006)A. aboveB. underC. overD. across6. Every year, thousands of college students apply for the CCTV Cu
9、p English Speech_. ( 2005)A. Argument B. QuarrelC. Debate D. Contest1. The bird flew upward and dropped the shellfish onto the rock to _ it open.( 2004)A. cut B. press C. break D. shake2. People who walk on the grass are _ to a fine of $5. ( 2004)A. possible B. likely C. liable D. reliable4. Many ol
10、d people in the cities find themselves unable to get used to the rapid _ of city life. ( 2003)A. rate B. speedC. step D. pace(3)语境词汇题。还有一部分词汇题的选项既非近形,也非近义,而是把四个看起来毫无联系的词汇放在一起,要求考生根据上下文以及所处的语言使用环境,确定正确的选项。这类题在很大程度上意在考查考生的词汇量。这类考题所占比例有上升的趋势。5. You should use _and natural language when you write a pers
11、onal letter.( 2006)A. formalB. politicalC. magicD. plain8. Magicians _ use techniques from science and the arts to deceive the mind and eye. ( 2006)A. generously B. geneticallyC. cleverly D. subsequently5. Children dont _ understand what are reciting, but gradually it will have in impact on thinking
12、.( 2005)A. necessarily B. profitablyC. unnecessarily D. unprofitably10. There is going to be _ time for people to assess whether or not we have made the right decision in this time of urgency.( 2005)A. sufficient B. additionalC. efficient D. consequent5. The first Olympiad is said to have consisted
13、_ of a 200-yard foot race near the small city of Olympia.( 2003)A. nearly B. completelyC. merely D. identically(4)固定搭配和常用短语 固定搭配,特别是动词的搭配,以及常用短语,每年都会考到,且比例很大。但因过于分散,没法系统训练,考生应在平日的复习中注意积累。 3. Changes in climate _ slowly through the years.( 2006)A. make progress B. take placeC. keep pace D. set sail1.Every plant, animal, and human being needs water to _ alive.( 2006)A. stayB. makeC. runD. grow1. To speed _ your entry, please bring your Admission Card with you.( 2005)A. up B. onC. out D. down3. Experts say the space rock is probably _ more than U.S.$30,000.( 2005)A. weighty B. costlyC. va
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