考研英语阅读基本功难句过关文档格式.docx

1、（present 和a book被分隔）再如： After Galileos work the feeling grew that there were universal laws governing the motion of bodies and that these laws might apply to motion in the heavens as well as on earth.在伽利略著作之后,这样的认识加强了,即认为存在着支配物体运动的普遍规律,这些规律不仅支配着地球上的也支配着天体上的物体的运动。（the feeling和 that从句被分隔）此外,还有定语（或定语从句

2、）与其中心词被分隔,某些词语与其所要求的介词被分隔,动词与其宾语被分隔,介词与其宾语被分隔等。总之,英语的分隔应遵循尾重原则（应当把长而复杂的成分放在句末,从而使结构平衡匀称,以避免主语部分太长,谓语部分太短）和句尾信息焦点原则（把新信息,即语义重点放在句子末尾）。阅读时要注意把原来属于一个整体的各部分找出来。1. Such a viewpoint, particularly prominent in the developing countries, is reinforced by the widely-held belief that it is not the peaceful app

3、lication of nuclear energy that is endangering the survival of mankind.第一层： Such a viewpoint, 主 particularly prominent in the developing 定 countries, is 系 reinforced 表 by the widely-held belief 状 that it is not the peaceful application of nuclear energy that is end- 同位语从句 angering the survival of ma

4、nkind.第二层： （同位语从句） that 引 it 形主 is not 系 the peaceful application 强调主语 of nuclear energy 定 that 引 is endangering 谓 the survival 宾 of mankind. 定要点 本句主干为Such a viewpoint. is reinforced by the widely-held belief；形容词短语particularly prominent in the developing countries,作为插入语修饰viewpoint,将主语和谓语分隔开来;介词短语by

5、the widely-held belief是被动语态reinforced的行为主体；that it is.mankind是belief的同位语从句,这里还含有一个强调句式,即it is not the peaceful application.that is endangering.。译文 这种在发展中国家显得尤为突出的观点被一种广泛持有的信念所加强,即并非和平利用核能正危害着人类的生存。2. No girl should marry a man whose last name has the same initial as hers, for, as the rhyme goes, Cha

6、nge the name but not the letter, marry for worse instead of better. No girl 主 should marry 谓 a man 宾 whose last name has the same initial as hers , 定语从句 for, as the rhyme goes, Change 状语从句 the name but not the letter, marry for worse instead of better. （定语从句） whose 引 last name 主 has 谓 the same initi

7、al 宾 as hers 定（状语从句） for, 引 as the rhyme goes, 状 Change 谓 the name 宾 but 连 not the letter, 宾 marry 谓 for worse instead of better. 状要点 这是个主从复合句。for是连接词,引导状语从句。as the rhyme goes是插入语,插在for和它引导的从句之间,造成for和它引导的从句的分离,翻译时,可译成一个主谓结构。译文 姑娘不该嫁给与自己的姓的首字母相同的人,因为正如一首童谣所说：改姓不改首字母,婚后必将受其苦。3. Nor, if regularity and

8、 conformity to a standard pattern are as desirable to the scientist as the writing of his papers would appear to reflect, is management to be blamed for discriminating against the odd balls among researchers in favor of more conventional thinkers who work well with the team.要点 否定词nor放在句首时,主谓倒装。is放到了

9、主语management前。同时,if引导的条件状语从句置于nor与句子的其他成分之间,造成了句子的割裂状态。条件状语从句中as desirable. as the writing.可视为同级比较结构。句中who引导的定语从句修饰先行词thinkers,可采用合译的方法翻译。be blamed for为固定短语,意为因而受指责in favor of .在句中做状语。译文 假如像学术论文反映的那样,科学家们期望看到与某种标准模式符合的规律性和一致性。那么,如果管理者们歧视研究者中的怪杰,而喜欢善于合作的较常规思维的人,这也是无可指责的。4. I have discovered, as perha

10、ps Kelsey will after her much-publicized resignation from the editorship of She after a build-up of stress, that abandoning the doctrine of juggling your life, and making the alternative move into downshifting brings with it far greater rewards than financial success and social status.要点 本句中as perha

11、ps Kelsey will.引导的方式状语从句放到了主句的谓语动词discovered与that引导的宾语从句之间,从而造成动宾之间的分割。as引导的从句中省略了谓语动词discover,是为了避免重复。宾语从句中主语为abandoning.and making.并列的动名词短语；谓语为bring sth with sth结构,只是因宾语过长,而把with短语提前了。译文 我发觉,放弃那种日夜操劳的生活信念而选择放慢生活的节奏会带来比金钱和社会地位更大的回报。凯尔西在长期经受巨大压力后,从惹人注目的女性杂志编辑部退出之后,恐怕她也将与我有同样的感觉。5. Such an outcome, i

12、f it happens, could cause a political controversy; or it could lead to more power being transferred to the EU in the worst possible circumstances, namely when the Union is deeply unpopular.要点 这是个复合句。条件从句因为太短,置于主句的主谓之间,造成句子割裂,翻译时应将从句提到句首。namely when the.unpopular是一个状语从句,用来解释the worst possible circums

13、tances。the EU: the European Union,欧盟。译文 这种结果一旦产生,就可能引起政治上的争吵；在最糟糕的情况下,即在欧盟很不得人心的时候,也可能使更多的权利落到欧盟手中。6. That fact, let alone the current division between the 11 euro countries and the four, led by Britain, that have not joined, is likely to mean that the Union should become a multi-system entity, with

14、 some countries signing up to everything and others choosing only some things.要点 句子的主干结构是That fact. is likely to mean that.。with some countries signing up to everything and others choosing only some things是with +复合结构形式,表示伴随状态。短语let alone.not joined置于主谓之间,造成句子割裂,翻译时应将其还原,放在最后。分词短语led by Britain和定语从句th