22定语从句Word文件下载.docx

1、如：The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 正和我父亲握手的那个人是警察。Those who wish to go to the museum must be at tile gate by7：50 a m.想去博物馆的人必须在早上 7：50到大门口集合。That is the man who teaches us English那位就是教我们英语的那个人。2.whom指人，在从句中作宾语，常可省略。Mrs. Smith（whom） you met yesterday is a friend of mine你昨天碰

2、见的那位史密斯夫人是我的一位朋友。The professor（whom） you wish to see has come你想见的那位教授已经来了。3. whose通常指人，也可指事物，在从句中作定语。This is the scientist whose name is known all over the country这就是那位闻名全国的科学家。Nobody wants the house whose roof has fallen in没有人要这个屋顶已倒塌了的房子。4.which指事物，在从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，常可省略。Guilin is a city which has a

3、 history of 2000 years桂林是座具有2000年历史的城市。A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words词典是解释词语的书。The young man was very happy to get back the gold ring （which）he had lost on the train. 那个年轻人领回了他在火车上丢失的金戒指，非常高兴。5.that指事物，也可指人，在从句中作主语或宾语。There are some films（that） Id like to see有几部电影我想去看。She is

4、 the only one among us that knows French她是我们当中唯一懂法语的人。（三）关系副词引导的定语从句1.when表示时间，其先行词往往是表示时间的名词（如time，day，hour year等）。October l，1949 was the day when the Peoples Republic of China was founded1949年 10月 1日是中华人民共和国成立的日子。From the time when he was little，he had known what he wanted to be when he grew up.从小

5、时候起她就已经知道长大后做什么。2.where表示地点，其先行词往往是表示地点的名词（如place， room，house， street， area等）。This is the place where my mother was born这是我母亲出生的地方。Is this the room where we were living last winter？这就是我们去年冬天住过的房间吗？3.why表示原因，常用在先行词reason后面。I dont know the reason why she looks unhappy today我不知道为什么她今天看上去不愉快。The reason

6、why he said that is quite clear他为什么那样说的理由是十分清楚的。（四）关系代词前带有介词的定语从句关系代词which，whom在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，从句常由“介词十which（或 whom）”引出。Great changes are taking place in the city in which they live他们所居住的城市正在发生着巨大的变化。The film of which I m speaking is to be shown at the Peoples Cinema next week我正在谈到的这部电影下星期在人民电影院上映。Thi

7、s is the teacher from whom weve learnt a lot这就是我们从他那里学到很多东西的那位老师。The policeman with whom Mr. Henry is talking in the office is a friend of mine正在办公室与亨利先生谈话的那位警察是我的一位朋友。这类从句中的介词也可放在从句的末尾，这时关系代词可以省略。The situation（which）we had got into was very dangerous我们当时的处境很危险。The man（whom）we sent the present to is

8、 a doctor of laws我们寄给他礼物的那个人是位法学博士。定语从句也可以由“名词（或代词或数词）介词十 which（或whom）”引出。The house the windows of which were damaged has now been repaired窗子遭破坏的那幢房子现在已经修理好了。We have two spare rooms upstairs，neither of which has been much used in the past two years我们楼上有两间空房，过去两年内都没怎么用。（五）关系代词as引导的定语从句as也可以用作关系代词，既可以

9、单独引出定语从句，又可与主句中的the same或such相呼应，从句中谓语动词常省略。We jumped for joy at the news，as was natural我们听到消息时高兴地跳了起来，这是很自然的事情。We do the same work as they（do）我们和他们干同样的活。He is not the same man as he was他和从前不一样了。I hope to get such a dictionary as he is using.我希望得到像他正在使用的那样一本词典。We will give you such information as wi

10、ll help you in your work.我们将向你们提供有助于你们工作的资料。（六）关系代词that与which的用法区别1.which可引导非限制性定语从句，that则不能。He had failed in the math exam，which made his father very angry他数学考试没有及格，这使他的父亲很生气。2.which之前可以有介词，that之前则不能有介词。This is the house in which Lu Xun used to live这就是鲁迅过去居住的房子。3.that和which都指物时，在以下4种情况下，用that而不能用Wh

11、ich。当先分词是all，everything，nothing，something， anything, much，little，few等不定代词时，只能用that 。That is all that I want to say那就是我想要说的。There is nothing that can prevent him from doing it没有什么能阻止他不干那件事。There was little that I could do for you我不能为你干什么。（2）先行词被序数词修饰时The first place that they visited in Guilin was El

12、ephant Trunk Hill在桂林他们所参观的第一个地方是象鼻山。（3）先行词被形容词最高级修饰时This is the best film that I have ever seen这部电影是我看过的最好的一部。（4）先行词被the very，the only，the just等修饰时This is the very dictionary（that） I want to buy这正是我要买的词典。Mr. Smith is the only foreigner（that） he knows史密斯先生是他认识的唯一的外国人。（七）限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句1.限制性定语从句有些定语从

13、句对先行词具有限制作用，使该词的含义更具体、更明确，这种定语从句称为限制性定语从句。这类从句不能省掉，否则句子的意义就不完整。Do you remember the teacher who taught us English at middle school? 你记得中学教我们英语的那位老师吗？Those who wish to go to the park must be at the gate by 7：50a.m.想去公园的人必须在早上7：He is the man （whom）I want to see.他就是我要见的那个人。注：限制性定语从句与主句之间不能用逗号隔开。限制性定语从句修

14、饰的是名词或代词。限制性定语从句中的关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省略。2.非限制性定语从句定语从句有时跟先行词的关系并不十分密切，只是作一些附加说明，不起限制作用，这种从句称为非限制性定语从句。这类从句往往用逗号与主句分开。Mr. Zhang，who came to see me yesterday， is an old friend of my fathers 张先生昨天来看我，他是我父亲的一位老朋友。We walked down the village street，where they were having market day.我们沿着村子的大街走去，村民们正在那里赶集。有时这类定语从句所修饰的不是前面某一个词，而是代表整个主句所讲的内容，通常用逗号与主句分开。He gave his mother a color TV set for her birthday，which pleased her a lot.他送给他母亲一台彩电作为生日礼物，这使她非常高兴。They are coming back to u