1、Benjamin West, the father of American painting, showed his talent for art when he was only six years of age. But he did not know about brushes before a visitor told him he needed one. In those days, a brush was made from camels hair. There were no camels nearby. Benjamin decided that cat hair would
2、work instead. He cut some fur from the family cat to make a brush.The brush did not last long. Soon Benjamin needed more fur. Before long, the cat began to look ragged (蓬乱). His father said that the cat must be sick. Benjamin was forced to admit what he had been doing.The cats lot was about to impro
3、ve. That year, one of Benjamins cousins, Mr Pennington, came to visit. He was impressed with Benjamins drawings. When he went home, he sent Benjamin a box of paint and some brushes. He also sent six engravings (版画) by an artist. These were the first pictures and first real paint and brushes Benjamin
4、 had ever seen. In 1747,when Benjamin was nine years old,Mr Pennington returned for another visit. He was amazed at what Benjamin had done with his gift. He asked Benjamins parents if he might take the boy back to Philadelphia for a visit.In the city, Mr Pennington gave Benjamin materials for creati
5、ng oil paintings. The boy began a landscape (风景) painting. William Williams, a wellknown painter,came to see him work. Williams was impressed with Benjamin and gave him two classic books on painting to take home. The books were long and dull. Benjamin could read only a little, having been a poor stu
6、dent. But he later said,“Those two books were my companions by day, and under my pillow at night.” While it is likely that he understood very little of the books,they were his introduction to classical paintings. The nineyearold boy decided then that he would be an artist.21What is the text mainly a
7、bout?A. Benjamins visit to Philadelphia.B. Williams influence on Benjamin.C. The beginning of Benjamins life as an artist.D. The friendship between Benjamin and Pennington.22What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 suggest?A. The cat would be closely watched.B. The cat would get some medical
8、 care.C. Benjamin would leave his home shortly.D. Benjamin would have real brushes soon.23What did Pennington do to help Benjamin develop his talent?A. He took him to see painting exhibitions.B. He provided him with painting materials.C. He sent him to a school in Philadelphia.D. He taught him how t
9、o make engravings.24Williams two books helped Benjamin to _A. master the use of paintsB. appreciate landscape paintingsC. get to know other paintersD. make up his mind to be a painter22. D句意理解题。该句需要结合上下文来理解。根据上文第二段提到本杰明剪猫的毛来制作画笔,导致猫的“毁毛破相”,而第三段提到本杰明的堂兄Pennington给他送来了很多画画的颜料和画笔。由此我们可以推断,该下划线句子内容说明“猫的
10、命运不久将得到改善”,而这一点可以从本杰明得到了很多画笔资助推断出来。故这句话隐含着“本杰明将很快不再需要用猫的毛制作画笔了,他将得到很多真正的画笔”的意思,答案选D项。23. B细节理解题。根据文章第五段首句“In the city, Mr Pennington gave Benjamin materials for creating oil paintings.”可知,为了更好地培养本杰明的画画天赋,堂兄Pennington给了他很多帮助,提供了创作用的材料等,故选B项。24. D推理判断题。根据文章最后一段本杰明说的话,以及“While it is likely that he unde
11、rstoodThe nineyearold boy decided then that he would be an artist.”可知,著名画家William给予的两本关于绘画的著作启迪了本杰明幼小的心灵,帮助他打开了通往伟大艺术的殿堂之门,使他立志成为艺术家,所以答案选D项。【名师点睛】 本文后两个小题考查了细节题。在完成细节题时,要特别注意排除干扰项。如中的D项“He taught him how to make engravings”属于“偷梁换柱”类干扰项,根据第三段第五句“He also sent six engravings by an artist”可知“这些版画是Penni
12、ngton送给Benjamin的”,并非是Pennington教Benjamin如何画版画,说明D项明显错误。干扰项的设置方法通常有以下几种方式:1.张冠李戴。命题者把文章作者的观点与他人的观点混淆起来,题干问的是作者的观点,选项中出现的却是他人的观点;或者题干问的是他人的观点,却把作者的观点放到选项中去。2.偷梁换柱。干扰项用了与原文相似的句型结构和大部分相似的词汇,却在不易引人注意的地方换了几个词汇,造成句意的改变。3.无中生有。干扰项往往是生活的基本常识和普遍接受的观点,但在原文中并无相关的信息支持点,这种选项的设置往往与问题的设问毫不相干。4.以偏概全。考生在做猜测文章中心思想、给文章
13、添加标题或判断推理题时,往往会犯以偏概全的错误。产生这类错误的原因是考生受思维定势的影响或考虑不周,以局部代替整体。其具体表现为合理关联与不合理关联、准确概括与不准确概括之间的错位。不合理关联就是表层理解与深层理解相混淆。表层理解是对文章中客观事实的感知和记忆,往往是文章直接表述的结论;深层理解则是对文章中的客观事实进行逻辑推理、总结或概括后得出的结论。不准确概括是指不能准确地按题目要求概括或提取文中的表层或深层信息。考点:考查记叙文阅读 故事类 2017北京卷It was a cold March day in High Point, North Carolina. The girls on
14、 the Wesleyan Academy softball team were waiting for their next turns at bat during practice, stamping their feet to stay warm. Eighthgrader Taylor Bisbee shivered(发抖) a little as she watched her teammate Paris White play. The two didnt know each other wellTaylor had just moved to town a month or so
15、 before.Suddenly, Paris fell to the ground.“Pariss eyes rolled back,” Taylor says. “She started shaking. I knew it was an emergency.”It certainly was. Paris had suffered a sudden heart failure. Without immediate medical care, Paris would die. At first, no one moved. The girls were in shock. Then the softball coach shouted out, “Does anyone know CPR?”CPR is a lifesaving technique. To do CPR, you press on the sick persons chest so that blood moves through the body and takes oxygen to organs. Without oxygen, the brain is damaged quickly.Amazingly, Taylor had jus
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