八下第三单元基础知识Word格式文档下载.docx

1、18. 步行上学19. 在树上（外界进入）20. 在树上（非外界进入）21. 警官22. 在医生诊所23. 购物24. 理发店25. 在操场上26. 十分钟之前27. 沉默地28. 保持沉默29. 发生30. 成为国家英雄31. 以而著名32. 作为而著名33. 全世界34. 轮流35. 玩得高兴36. 在月球上37. 被谋杀38. 被摧毁39. 在这一天40. 听说41. 出生42. 理发43. 用造句44. 逃跑45. 骑自行车46. 上个星期天早上47. 在太空中48. 在那个时候49. 世贸中心50. 围绕飞行1. arrive at/in2. a TV repoter3. in fr

2、ont of4. in the front of5. get out of6. sleep late7. in（at） the library8. the Museum of Flight9. buy a souvenir 10. call the police11. call the TV station12. call the newspaper13. take off14. an unusual experience15. jump down from16. take photos of17. too scared18. walk to school19. in the tree20.

3、on the tree21. police officer22. at the doctors23. go shopping（ do some shopping）24. a barber shop25. on/in the playground26. ten minutes ago27. in silence28. keep silent/quiet29. take place30. become a national hero31. become/be famous for32. become/be famous as33. all over the world （in the world）

4、34. in turn35. have fun （enjoy oneself）36. on the moon37. be murdered38. be destroyed39. on this day40. hear about/of41. be born42. cut hair （ have ones cut）43. make sentences with44. run away45. ride ones bike46. last Sunday morning47. in （the） space48. at that time49. The World Center50. fly aroun

5、d二 重要知识点及讲解：Section A1 What were you doing when the UFO arrived? 过去进行时态1） 用法 表示在过去的某一时间点上动作正在进行。I was studying for my English test at 5 pm last Sunday.Mother was cooking dinner when I got home. 表示在过去的某一时间段内动作正在进行。We are having fun in the mountain last Sunday morning.My brother was listening to music

6、 while I was doing my homework.2） 句子结构 肯定句：主语 + was / were + 现在分词I was watching TV yesterday evening.They were playing basketball when it began to rain. 否定句：主语 + wasnt / werent + 现在分词He wasnt doing housework at 6 pm yesterday.They werent shopping at the store last Saturday afternoon. 一般疑问句：Was / Wer

7、e + 主语 + 现在分词？- Was he sleeping late when you saw him? Yes, he was. / No, he wasnt.- Were the Greens having dinner when you called them?- Yes, they were. / No, they werent. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + was / were + 主语 + 现在分词？What was the girl doing when the UFO took off?Where was the alien going when you saw him?

8、arrive 到达，同义词有：get to, reach1） vi. 独立使用。What time is the train arriving? 2） vi. at + 小地方； in + 大地方。 He arrived at school three hours later. The train arrived in Beijing at 6:30 pm.3） vi. here / there / homeFather arrived home very late yersterday.2 I was standing in front of the library.in front of

9、在（外部）的前面 in the front of 在（内部）的前面 I often see the boy play alone in front of his house. He likes to sit in the front of the classroom.3 cut hair （理发师）理发 have ones hair cut 请人理发4 get out get out of get out 下车 同义短语是get off，但get off一般是从bus, train, ship, plane或horse下来；而get out则一般是从car或boat下来。get out反义短语

10、是get in，而get off反义短语是get on。The man got out as soon as the car stopped. 出来，出去They didnt get out until it stopped raining.It was difficult for me to get out of bed. 取出He got out some money and gave it to me.My ball dropped into the hole. Can you get it out? get out of 从（car, boat等）下来I saw some police

11、 officers get out of the car. 从出来，出去When he got out of his house, he saw a car accident. get out of 从取出来 Mother got some delicious food out of the basket.5 when和while的区别 从句所表示的时间含义不同。1）when是at or during the time that, 既指时间点，也可指一段时间。 We were playing basketball when it began to rain. （从句表示一个时间点） I usu

12、ally take a bus to school when it rains.（从句表示一个时间段）因此when引导的时间状语从句中的动词可以是终止性动词，如中的began；也可以是延续性动词，如中的rains。2）while是during the time that，只指一段时间，因此while从句中的动词必须是延续性动词。 While I was waiting for the bus, I saw an old friend of mine. Could you look after my pet dog while I am away?（注意：“离开”之意不能leave来表达，因为它

13、是终止性动词） 从句的动作和主句的动作发生顺序不同1） when引导的从句的动作和主句的动作可以是同时，也可以是先后发生。 What are you usually doing when its raining?（同时进行） When I heard the news, they had left.（left先发生，heard后发生）2） while 则强调主句的动作在从句动作的发生的过程中或主从句两个动作同时发生。 The cat went up the tree again while the newspaper reporter was taking a photo.（主句动作went

14、up发生在从句动作taking a photo发生过程中） While I was doing homework, mother was cleaning the room.（动作同时发生） 适用时态不同由when引导的时间状语从句，主句用过去进行时，从句应用一般过去时。如果从句和主句的动作同时发生，两句都用过去进行时的时候，多用while引导，如： When the teacher came in, we were talking. 当此句改变主从句的位置时，则为：While we were talking, the teacher came in. They were singing while we were dancing. 此句不能写成：They were singing when we were dancing. when和while 还可作并列连词。when表示“在那时”,and then或 and at that time；while表示“而，却”，表对照关系。如： The children w