优质小学英语外研版五年级上册《He cant see》宾语文档格式.docx

1、有时，间接宾语也可改为由介词to或for引起的短语，放在直接宾语的后面。She passed him the salt. She passed the salt to him. 她把盐递给了他。Her uncle bought her an English-Chinese dictionary yesterday. Her uncle bought an English-Chinese dictionary for her yesterday.昨天，她叔叔给她买了一本英汉词典。下面几种情况，通常要用介词to或for引起的短语：当直接宾语是人称代词（itthem）时。The watch is L

2、i Leis. Please give it to him. 这块手表是李雷的。请把它给他。当强调间接宾语时。Mother cooks breakfast for us every day. 母亲每天都为我们做早饭。当间接宾语比直接宾语长时。On the bus, he often gives his seat to an old person. 在公共汽车上，他经常把座位让给老人。注：由to连接间接宾语的动词有：pass, give, show, tell, lend, take等；由for连接间接宾语的动词有：buy, cook, get, sing, make等。2复合宾语宾补的定义有些

3、及物动词带了宾语后还需要有一个补足成分才能使句子完整，这个补足成分就叫做宾语补足语。用来说明宾语的行为、特征、状态、身份等。宾语和宾补一起构成复合宾语。主要有下面几种类型：名词（或代词）+名词。接名词作宾语补足语的动词常见的有call, name, think, make等We call them moon cakes. 我们把它们叫作月饼名词（或代词）+形容词。接形容词作宾语补足语的动词常见的有make, keep, think, find等。At first I found Chinese hard. 开始的时候，我发现汉语很难。3名词（或代词）+副词或介词短语。接副词、介词短语作宾语补足

4、语的动词常见的有find, keep, take等。The boy found his pen on the floor. 这个男孩在地板上找到了他的钢笔Last Sunday I saw you out with your sister.To her surprise, she found herself in a different world. 4名词（或代词）+分词（分词短语）。接现在分词作宾语补足语的动词常见的有watch, see, hear, find, keep等。In the country, he can hear birds singing. 在农村，他能听到鸟儿歌唱。I

5、 saw him doing his homework when I passed his window. I was absent-minded when I heard my name called.注意：在用现在分词或不定式作宾语补足语的动词中，有些只能用现在分词作宾语补足语；有些只能用不定式作宾语补足语；还有的动词既能用现在分词又可用不定式作宾语补足语：1）只能用现在分词作宾语补足语的动词有：catch, keep, mind, prevent, stop（阻止）等。She caught her son smoking a cigarette.His words started me

6、thinking.2）只能用不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：wish, desire, expect, love, prefer, trust, encourage, let, allow, permit, mean, lead, bring, put, hurry, cause, remind, ask, invite, beg, request, worry, advise, persuade, call on, tell, order, command, require, make, force, drive, forbid, warn, help, teach, show, assist,

7、 report, bear, wait for, think, take, know, judge, consider, suppose, believe, allow, prove, declare等。Their parents dont allow him to stay out late.他父母不允许他在外面呆到很晚。3）既能用现在分词又可用不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：see, watch, notice, look at, observe, listen to, hear, feel, have, imagine, discover, like, want, understand, h

8、ate, get, set, leave等。She was seen running away from the scene of the crime.有人看见她从犯罪现场跑开。I saw you put the key in your pocket. 5名词（或代词）+不定式1） to doThe villagers did not allow them to build a factory there.（ask tell beg force wish want expect advise permit order persuade）2） 省略 to 的不定式使用不定式作宾语补足语时，不定式

9、符号 to 的取舍问题：在hear, listen to, let, have, make, see, watch, notice, observe 等动词后的不定式需省去 to 。feel 一词，跟 to be 型不定式带 to；跟 to do 型不定式不带 to。help 一词后的不定式，可带 to，也可以不带 to。6名词（或代词）+从句We will make our hometown what your hometown is now.7常见with+复合宾语有下列几种形式：1） with名词代词形容词It is not good manners to speak with your

10、 mouth full满嘴食物去说话是不礼貌的。2） with名词代词副词The city looks more beautiful with all the lights on所有的灯亮起来，这座城市看起来更漂亮了。3）with名词代词介词短语The woman with a baby on her back lives downstairs这个背着婴儿的妇女住在楼下。4）with名词代词不定式，不定式表示主动、将来的动作。With you to help us, we are sure to finish the work on time有你来帮忙，我们会按时完成任务的。With so m

11、uch work to do, we cant kill any time by playing cards有这么多工作要做，我们没有时间打扑克。5）with名词代词-ing形式，-ing形式表示主动或动作正在进行。With a boy leading the way, they started towards the village由一个男孩带路，他们朝那个村子走去。6） with名词代词过去分词，过去分词表示被动或动作已经完成。With the problems settled, we all felt very happy问题解决了，我们都感到很高兴。7）with名词代词名词China

12、is a great country, with its capital Beijing中国是一个伟大的国家，首都是北京。在复合宾语中，宾语通常为名词或代词，但有时也可以用不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或that从句来充当。这时，应使用先行it代替宾语，而将真正的宾语移到句子的后部，如：I felt it necessary to speak about our shortcomings.Do you consider it any good trying again?We all thought it a pity that you couldnt join us.在这种结构中，宾语补足语通

13、常为名词或形容词；常用于这种结构的动词有： feel, find, think, make, take, judge, consider 等。可用下面方法来判断一个及物动词所带的是双宾语还是复合宾语：如果宾语与其后的成分之间存在着逻辑上的主谓或主表关系，则该动词接的是复合宾语，否则就是双宾语。3宾语从句在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句.宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句.（一）宾语从句的时态和语序1主句用一般现在时，从句可用任意时态。2主句用过去时，从句用过去某个时态。3主句用过去时，从句是真理时，只用一般现在时。当主句为现在时或将来时的时候,宾语从句的时态

14、一般不受主句的时态所影响.当主句为过去时的时候1）从句用一般过去时或过去进行时表示与主句谓语动词动作同时发生 I only knew he was studying in a western country, but I didnt know what country he was in.我只知道他当时在西方的一个国家读书,可不知道是哪个国家. He asked me if I was reading the story The Old Man and the Sea when he was in.他问我他进来的时候我是否正在读.2）从句过去完成时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之前 He told me that he had told Mary about the meeting already.他告诉我他已经把有关会议的事情告诉的了Mary.3）从句谓语用过去将来时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之后 The reporter asked if the government would take necessary measures to put down the to-do.记者问政府是否会采取必要的措施镇压骚乱.4）如果从句是一个客观真理,那么从句的时态不根据主句的时态而