生化中英索引1文档格式.docx

1、Helix折叠Sheet转角Turn凸起Bulge卷曲Coil多聚 Polyamino孔蛋白Porin发夹结构Hairpin structure紧密Tight模体Motif结构域Domain构象Conformation构型Configuration盐桥Salt bridge静电的Electrostatic引力Interaction非成键原子Nonbonded atom骨架Backbone结构蛋白Binding protein锌指结构Zinc finger结构的Structural功能的Functional重复的Heptad序列Repeat基因重复Gene duplication蚯蚓肌红蛋白My

2、ohemerythrin二聚体Dimer单体Monomer寡聚体Oligomer三聚体Trimer四聚体Tetramer五聚体Pentamer六聚体Hexamer亚基Subunit原体Protomer谷氨酰胺合成酶Glutamine协同效应Co-operativity动力学障碍Kinetic barrier分子伴侣Chaperones热激蛋白Heat-shock protein伴侣蛋白Chaperonin框架模型Framework model泛素Ubiquitin蛋白酶体Proteasome纤维Fibril原纤维Protofibril蛋白质组Proteime蛋白质组学Proteomics去折叠

3、Unfold再折叠Refold阻遏蛋白Repressor激活蛋白Activator铁蛋白Ferritin转铁蛋白Transferrin肌动蛋白Actin肌球蛋白Myosin弹性蛋白Resilin兼职蛋白Moonlighting protein配体Ligand类似物Analog同源物Homolog种间同源物（直系同源物）Ortholog种内同源物（旁系同源物）Paralog原胶原Tropocollagen三股螺旋Triple helix羟化酶Hydroxylase纤维细胞Fribroblast前胶原Procollagen糖基化Glycosylation前胶原肽酶Procollagenpeptid

4、ase氧化酶OxidaseMyoglobin血红蛋白Hemoglobin血红素Heme近端的Proximal远端的Distal饱和度Saturation基因敲除Gene knockout缺氧Hypoxia通气反应Ventilatory response紧张态Tense state松弛态Relaxed state别构效应Allosteric effect别构效应物Allosteric effector镰刀形贫血症Sicklemia免疫球蛋白Immunoglobulin途径Approach基于序列的Sequence-based基于结构的Structure-based家族Family超家族Super

5、-family栏Fold类Class膜蛋白Membrane protein基于模体的Motif-based资料Profile盐析Salting out盐溶Salting in消旋现象Racemization内含子Intron基因组的Genomic超滤Ultrafiltration沉降系数Sedimentation coefficient离心Centrifugation差速离心Differential centrifugation密度梯度离心Density gradient centrifugation透析Dialysis 双向电泳Two-dimensional gelelectrophores

6、is亲和（n）Affinity凝胶过滤Gel filtration分子筛过滤Molecular sieve filtration琼脂糖Sepharose葡聚糖Sephadex聚丙烯酰胺Sephacryl活性Activity均一性Homogeneity白蛋白Albumin球蛋白Globulin组蛋白Histone精蛋白Protamine醇溶蛋白Prolamine谷蛋白类Glutelin硬蛋白类Scleroprotein角蛋白Keratin胶原蛋白CollagenElastin简单Simple结合蛋白质Conjugated protein糖蛋白Glycoprotein脂蛋白Lipoprotein核

7、蛋白Nucleoprotein色蛋白Chromprotein金属蛋白Metalloprotein磷蛋白Phosphoprotein球状Globular黄素Flavin支配Innervated神经节Ganglion核苷酸Nucleotide核苷Nucleoside碱基（含氮）Nitrogenous base嘌呤Purine嘧啶Pyrimidine咪唑Imidazole环Ring胞嘧啶Cytosine尿嘧啶Uracil胸腺嘧啶Thymine腺嘌呤Adenine鸟嘌呤Guanine咖啡因Caffeine尿酸Uric acid异构Shift互变异构Tautomeric shift核糖核苷Ribonuc

8、leoside脱氧核苷Deoxyribonucleoside脱氧核苷酸Deoxyribonucletide核糖核苷酸Ribonucleotide生物薄膜Biofilm严紧反应Stringent response干扰素Interferon超突变HypermutationRNARibonucleic acid核Nuclear核仁Nucleolar编码RNACoding RNA非编码RNA（ncRNA）Non-coding RNA管家House-keeping调控Regulatory互补的Complementary大沟Major groove小沟Minor groove碱基对Base pair回文序

9、列Palindromic sequence重复超螺旋Supercoiling密度DensityLoop茎Stem臂Arm三叶草Cloverleaf密码子Anticodon核心Core增色效应Hyperchromic effect退火Annealing减色效应Hypochromic effect核酸Nucleic acid杂交Hybridization异源双链Heteroduplex深度Deep酶Enzyme生物催化剂Biocatalyst转化酶Diatase单纯酶Simple enzyme结合酶Conjugated enzyme辅助因子Cofactor脱辅酶Apoenzyme全酶Holoenz

10、yme辅酶Coenzyme辅基Prosthetic group活化能Activation energy中心Site活性中心Active site裂缝Cleft空隙Crevice口袋Pocket专一性Specificity绝对专一性Absolute specificity基团专一性Group specificity键专一性Linkage specificity立体专一性Stereospecificity诱导契合Induce fit氧化还原酶Oxidoreductase转移酶Transferase水解酶Hydrolase裂合酶Lyase异构酶Isomerase连接酶Ligase胃蛋白酶Pepsin胰蛋白酶Trypsin肾素Rennin最适的Optimum温度Temperature稳态Steady-state可逆性Reverible抑制剂Inhibitor竞争性Competitive非竞争性Non-competitive反竞争性Uncompetitive产物Product底物Substrate过量Excess抑制Inhibition特异性Specific标记Label亲和中心的Central复合物Complex机制Mechanixm过渡态Transitory别构酶Allosteri