牛津高中英语语法大全集1至模块10语法Word文档下载推荐.docx

1、一 定语从句：非限制性定语从句1非限制性定语从句是一个为主句添加额外信息的从句，在非限制性定语从句前通常有个逗号。Amy, who took weight-loss pills, now realizes that health is important.My pills are in the bathroom, where I always keep them.2当先行词是整个主句时，可以用which来引导定语从句。He missed the show, which was a great pity.3我们可以用allwhom/which 来表示全部数量，用some ofwhom/which

2、来表示部分数量。I am doing different types of exercises, all of which are quite helpful to my health.Many people, some of whom are not overweight, are going on diet.二 附加疑问句1附加疑问句是放在陈述句后面的短问句。它们通常被用在口语中来引出一段对话，以一个更加礼貌的方式来询问信息，温柔的发号施令或要求某人做某事。我们用附加疑问句来询问意见或征求同意。当我们用附加疑问句来询问意见时，为了期待对方能同意我们的观点，附加疑问句会用降调来表达。当我们用

3、附加疑问句来征求同意时，我们实际上是在询问我们自己也不太能确信的事情，这时候附加疑问句会用升调来表达。2附加疑问句的构成有以下几种：1）在肯定的陈述句之后，我们会用否定的附加疑问句。在否定的陈述句之后，我们会用肯定的附加疑问句。We can still be friends, cant we?He doesnt like ice cream, does he? 当主句中有像neither，none，nobody，nothing，few，little，never，hardly或seldom这类词时，它们被认为是否定的，因此后面会跟个肯定的附加疑问句。Neither of you will hav

4、e coffee, will you?No one has found my CD, have they?Nobody understood his speech, did they?His sister seldom argues with people, does she? 人称代词如I，we，you，he，she，it或they会放在附加疑问句中。I was pretty silly, wasnt I?Everyone has advises you not to go on a diet, havent you? 助动词，情态动词或be动词会放在附加疑问句中。You like trav

5、eling, dont you?There is something wrong, isnt there?You cant speak Italian, can you? 祁使句后用will you， Lets后用shall wePost a letter for me, will you?Lets have a break, shall we?牛津高中英语模块二第一单元一 现在完成时态1我们用现在完成时态来表示在最近的过去发生的但跟现在有联系的事情。The disappearance of Justin has made Kelly very unhappy.2我们也用现在完成时态来表示在过

6、去刚开始，并且现在还没结束的事情。I have not seen Justin since last Friday night. 当动作发生的确切时间不清楚或不重要时，我们也用现在完成时态。经常连用的时间短语有：already ever for just lately never recently since yetalready 用语肯定句，yet用语否定句。The boy has already come home. I havent heard anything from him yet.for+一段时间 since+点时间We havent seen him for two years

7、. We havent seen him since 2002.注：当已给定具体的时间时，我们往往用一般过去时态，而不是现在完成时态。 我们用现在完成时态来谈论刚刚完成的动作。The police have just finished searching the area. 我们也用现在完成时态来表示重复的动作。Some villages say that they have seen UFOs many times. 现在完成时态的构成是：have/has+动词的过去分词二 现在完成进行时态1我们用现在完成进行时态来表示在过去发生的并且仍将继续的动作。I have not been slee

8、ping well since I returned home.2我们用现在完成进行时态来表示刚刚结束但以某种方式和现在有联系的动作。- Sorry Im late. Have you been waiting long?- Yes, Ive been waiting for an hour.3现在完成进行时态的构成：have/has +been +doingfor和since和现在完成进行时态连用。I have been waiting for a long time.He has been waiting since nine oclock.三 现在完成时态还是现在完成进行时态1我们用现在

9、完成时态来谈论刚刚完成的动作，用现在完成进行时态来表示发生在过去并且现在仍在发生的动作。Li Jia has read a book about Stonehenge. （She finished reading the book.） Li Jia has been reading a book about Stonehenge. （She is still reading the book.）2我们用现在完成时态表示重复的动作，用现在完成进行时态来表示不停的动作。I have visited Egypt twice this month.I have been touring Egypt f

10、or two months.现在完成时态用于回答how many/much的提问，现在完成进行时态用语回答how long的提问。 如：How many times have you swum in the lake?How long have you been swimming in the lake?3状态动词和动作动词都可以用在现在完成时态中，但只有动作动词可以用在现在完成进行时态中。I have had this camera for five years. （状态动词）I have taken photos of UFO with this camera. （动作动词）I have

11、been taking photos of UFO with this camera. （动作动词）动作动词表示发生或变化的动作，如go，play。状态动词表示保持不变的动作，如like， know，exist4当 never，yet，already，ever出现在句子中时，只用现在完成时态，而不用现在完成进行时态。Ive never visited Paris.Ive already been to Paris.第二单元一 将来进行时态1我们用将来进行时态来：1）谈论将来一段时间正在进行的事情。Toby will be climbing in the Himalayas all next w

12、eek2）谈论从将来的某一点开始并且有可能要持续一段时间的事情。Toby will not be in London next Tuesday. He will be climbing in the Himalayas.3）没有任何意图的表达将来的事情。The weather report says that it will be raining when we arrive in London.在这种情况下表示事情是很自然的发生的，没有人为的安排。4）礼貌地询问有关其他人将来的计划。Will you be visiting your uncle in Tanzania?2将来进行时态的构成：

13、1）陈述句：will（not）+v-ingToby and his brother, Colin, will （not） be flying to Morocco.2）疑问句：will 提到主语的前面Will they be flying to Morocco on 15th July?3）回答：will（not）Yes, they will. /No, they will not（wont）二 过去将来时态1我们用过去将来时态和过去进行时态来：1）表示过去的将来某一时间要发生的动作。They set off at 9 a.m. and would reach the airport an hour later.2） 暗指一个过去的目的。I was going to leave, but then it rained.3） 暗指一个过去的安排。Colin called Jennifer to say that he was seeing her later that afternoon.4） 指代实际已经发生过的将来的动作。The journey that