高中英语教材核心词汇讲解及训练新人教版选修7.docx

1、高中英语教材核心词汇讲解及训练新人教版选修7核心词汇梳理并重点训练选修 7Unit 1 Living welldisability, adapt, annoy, resign, congratulate, access, in other words, out of breath, used to do1. disability n. 伤残；无力；无能 disable v. 使丧失能力，使伤残 disabilityable n. （因疾病而）无能 unable adj. 不能的 inability n. 无能enable v. 使能够；使可能disabled adj. 丧失能力的；有残疾的；无

2、能力的the disabled 残疾人；伤残者eg: She managers to lead a normal life in spite of her disabilities.Our ability to think and speak separates us from other mammals.Chinese premier Wen Jiabao lit the cauldron (圣火盆) and announced the beginning of the relay, sparking a grand display of traditional Chinese dance

3、by disabled artists.辨析disable / unable：disable是及物动词，意为“使不能；使伤残”，常用于被动式。unable是形容词，意为“不能”，后可接带to的不定式。2. adapt vt. 使适应；改编adapt to 适应adaptto 使适应或适合adapt oneself to 使自己适应或者习惯于adaptfrom 根据改写（改编）adaptfor 改编 / 改作之用adaptable adj. 能适应的；可修改的adaptation n. 适应；改编；改写本eg: The children are finding it hard to adapt

4、to their new school.The cars fuel system was adapted to take unleaded gas.Im sure shell cope with the changes very wellshes very adaptable.3. annoy vt. 使不悦；惹恼be annoyed with sb 对某人生气be annoyed at / about sth 因某事生气be annoyed by 被惹恼annoyance n. 恼怒；烦恼annoying adj. 恼人的；烦人的annoyed adj. 感到恼火的；觉得生气的eg: It

5、really annoys me when people forget to say thank you.I was really annoyed with him at that time.Everyone is annoyed by the amount of traffic in the city.Im annoyed that he didnt show up when he said he would come.辨析annoy / bother / disturb / trouble：annoy强调因被迫忍受令人不快、讨厌的事而失去平静或耐心，多指一时的打扰或恼怒。bother指使人

6、烦恼而引起的紧张不安或感到不耐烦。disturb较正式用词，多用于被动语态。指扰乱，使人不能平静或妨碍别人工作、思维或正常秩序，是程度较深的烦恼。trouble指给人在行动上带来不便或在身心上造成痛苦。4. resign vt.&vi. 辞职；辞去（工作、职位等）；放弃resign from 辞去职务resign as sth 辞职resign sb to 托付给；屈从于resign oneself to 听任摆布；甘心忍受；只好resignation n. 辞职；辞呈hand in ones resignation 递交辞呈eg: Mr Smith resigned from the uni

7、on last year.I wont resign to his will.She resigned herself to her fate.His father will hand in his resignation.5. congratulate vt. 祝贺；庆祝 sth congratulate sb on 就向某人祝贺doing sthcongratulation n. 祝贺；恭喜congratulations to sb on sth 祝贺某人某事辨析congratulate / celebrate：congratulate意为“祝贺、道贺”，一般用人作宾语，若要表明所祝贺的事

8、情，后面要on (upon)连接，构成 congratulate sb on (upon) sth。celebrate意思是举行仪式、典礼的“庆祝“，一般用事（节日、胜利、成功等）作宾语，构成 celebrate sth。eg: She was congratulated on what she had achieved.We are congratulating ourselves on our narrow escape.They will celebrate your birthday next week.6. access n. （接近的）方法；通路；可接近性have / get /

9、obtain / gain access to 拥有的机会；可以接近；进入give access to 接近；准许进入accessible adj. 可接近的；可进入的；可使用的be accessible to 可接近的；可靠近的；可使用的辨析access(to) / approach (to)：access to （的）通路 （接近或进入某地的）方法 （使用某物或接近某人的）权利或机会approach to （的）通路 （解决一特定问题的方法，尤其是经过深思熟虑的）方法 （对的）态度eg: Access to the garden is through the kitchen.A manag

10、er should be accessible to his staff.The island is accessible only by boat.The approach to the house was a narrow path.7. in other words 换句话说word came that 有消息传来说in a word 总之；简言之word for word 逐字地keep ones word 遵守诺言break ones word 失信；不守诺言have a word with 与谈一谈have words with 与拌嘴、吵架eat ones words 承认说错了

11、话eg: I soon found that the work I was doing had been done by other peoplein other words, Im wasting my time.In a word, we must try our best to do the work.Please believe me. Ill keep my word.8. out of breath 上气不接下气hold ones breath 屏住呼吸lose ones breath 喘不过气来out of sight 看不见out of control 失控out of dat

12、e 过期out of order 出毛病out of work 失业out of patience 不能忍受out of question 没问题；无疑；毫无疑问out of the question 不可能的；办不到的eg: After climbing that long flight of stairs she was completely out of breath.The Ford went out of control and crashed over the cliff.Out of office, out of danger.9. I used to climb trees,

13、swim and play football.短语意义及用法used to do表示过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态，但现在已不再发生或存在，后接动词原形。be used to(doing) sth习惯于，be有多种时态，可用get或become 替换。be used to do“被用来做某事”。use为及物动词，表示“使用”，是被动结构。eg: There used to be a bus stop on that corner.Im not used to living here.Coal can be used to produce power.练习：1. As his disease h

14、as him, Hawking has to sit in his wheelchair and speak through a computer. A. disabled B. unabled C. abled D. enabled 2. He gets a pension from the government because of his in a fire accident. A. disabled; disability B. disability; disability C. disability; disabled D. disability; disabilities用适当的介

15、词填空（35）3. The play is adapted a novel.4. This book is adapted beginners.5. When you go to a new country, you must adapt yourself new customs.改错 (69)6. Its annoyed to miss a train.7. He was annoyed with the boys rudeness.8. I felt annoying when he refused to help me.9. To his annoy, he discovered they had left.10. We had to fate, seeing that we could do nothing to help ourselves. A. resign ourselves to B. bury ourselves to C. apply ours