广州版九年级下册语法总汇.doc

1、 卓越个性化教学讲义广州版九年级下册语法总汇精讲精练Step 1 U1单元重点语法定语从句1、关系代词who，whom, whose，which，that引导的定语从句。2、关系副词where，when, why引导的定语从句。【课文引例】However,some teachers believe that children who watch too much TV commercials care more about money and owning thing.但是有些老师相信看太多商业广告的孩子会更加关注钱财，关注占有物品。【知识点拨】who watch too many TV co

2、mmercials 是定语从句，先行词是children，who在句子中作主语【实战分析】The man who spoke at the meeting is Li Mings father.在会议上发言的那个人是李明的父亲。 下面对定语从句进行详细讲解。定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，有时也可以修饰部分或整个句子。 被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。 关系代词有：who，whom, whose，which，that 。 关系副词有：where，when, why 。 关系代

3、词和关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又可做定语从句的一个成分。当关系代词做宾语时可以省略。 定语从句中的谓语动词必须在人称上和数量上和先行词保持一致。 定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 1 、关系代词引导的定语从句 1）who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下： Is he the man who/that wants to see you?（who/that在从句中作主语） He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.（whom/that在从句中作宾语）【 能力测试】 The

4、 man _ is standing at the gate is Li Mings father.A. who B. which C. whose D. whom The boy _you met just now is my best friend.A. who B. which C. whose D. whom The policeman caught the thief _ stole the womans handbag.A. where B. whose C. that 2) Whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换), 例如： They r

5、ushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 【 能力测试】 The book _ cover is yellow is mine.A. who B. which C. whose D. whom The boy _ home is near the school walks to school everyday.A. who B. whose C. that D. whom Can I borrow your pen

6、_color is black?A. who B. whom C. that D. of which3)which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如： A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.（which / that在句中作宾语） The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. (which / that在句中作宾语) 关系代词th

7、at和which 都可以指物，that 和Who 都可以指人，其用法区别： 1）在以下情况下适用which,而不用that。 a) 在引导非限定性定语从句时 (错) The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here. 试改正_b) 介词后不能用 请选出正确的句子。We depend on the land from that we get our food. We depend on the land from which we get our food. . 2) 只能用that而不能用which作为定语从句的关系代词

8、的情况 。a) 在不定代词，如：anything, nothing, everything, all, much, few, any, little等作先行词时，只用that，不用which。 All that is needed is a supply of oil. Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police. b) 先行词有the only, the very, the just修饰时，只用that。 He is the very man that helped the girl out of

9、 the water . c) 先行词为序数词(the last)、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that。. The first English book that I read was “The Prince and the Pauper” by Mark Twin . d) 先行词既有人，又有物时。 He talked about the teachers and schools that he visited . e)当主句是以who 或which 开始的特殊疑问句时，用that 以避免重复。 Who is the person that is standing at the gate .

10、 【 能力测试】 He talked about the classmates and the school _ he had visited. A. who B. that C. which D. about which We should do all _ is useful to people. A. / B. that C. it D. which The weather turned out to be very good, _was more than we could expect. A. what B. which C. that D. it I hope that the l

11、ittle _ I have been able to do does good to them all.A. which B. what C. that D. when We came to a place to _ they had never paid a visit before. A. what B. that C. which D. who2 、关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词可代替的先行词when, where, why是表示时间、地点、方式的名词，在从句中作状语。1） when表示时间，在定语从句中做时间状语，其先行词往往是表示时间的名词，如：time , hour ,day,

12、 week, month, year等。例如：Do you remember those days when we worked together?2） where表示地点，在定语从句中作地点状语，其先行词往往是表示地点的名词，如：place, room, house, school, country等。例如：Yesterday we visited the factory where my father works.3） why 表示原因，在定语从句中作原因状语，其先行词只有表示原因的一个词，reason.例如：Do you know the reason why she was late

13、yesterday?【小提示】如果关系词在定语从句中 作主语或宾语，则不能再用when 和where，而要用which或that。例如：I can remember that day which/that we spent on the farm.The school that we study is very beautiful.【能力测试】 I never forget the time _we spent on the farm.A. where B. why C. when D. whichThis is the museum _ we visited last year.A. tha

14、t B. why C. when D. whereThe house _he bought is very expensive.A. where B. why C. when D. which I still remember the time _we worked together.A. where B. why C. when D. whichLast week we visited the school _my friend works.A. where B. why C. when D. whichI dont know the reason _ she was angry.A. where B. why C. when D. whichStep 2 U2 单元重点语法-简单句简单句的类型一 简单句 只含一个主谓结构的句子（有时有并列主语或并列谓语动词）叫做简单句。二 简单句的基本句型。1. 主语+ 不及物动词 ( S + V ) The time passed quickl