1、句意:Bob看着窗外说:“这样的天气我们不能出去”。本句中look与said是同时进行,we与look之间构成主动关系,故用现在分词作伴随状语。故选A。2Walter offered us a lift when he was leaving the office, but our work _, we refused his offer.Anot finishing Bhad not been finishedCnot having finished Dnot finished【答案】D试题分析:在这里,our work处在逗号位置,作整个句子的原因状语,这里应填非谓语动词。work和fin
2、ish存在逻辑上的被动关系,所以应该用过去分词,故选D。考点:独立主格结构的考查点评:独立主格结构(Independent Genitive)由两部分组成,前一部份是名词或者代词,后一部分是非谓语动词(不定式、动名词和分词)或形容词、副词、或介词短语。前后两部分具有逻辑主谓关系。独立主格结构在句中做状语,多用于书面语。独立主格结构本身不是句子,在句子中作状语,表示时间、原因、条件、伴随、目的等。3Someone who lacks staying power and perseverance is unlikely to _ a good researcher.Amake BturnCget
3、Dgrow考查动词辨析。make表示“发展成为(=develop into)”,是及物动词;turn表示“变成,成为”是不及物动词;get“变成,做成”是不及物动词;grow表示“生长,成长”。根据句意“缺乏智能和毅力的人是不可能成为一个好的研究人员的。”及句式结构可知,此处应使用及物动词表示“使成为”之意,make a good researcher 意为“成为一个出色的研究者”。故最佳答案应为A项。4Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and _ to ruins, the city took on a new look.Ar
4、educing Breduced Cbeing reduced Dhaving reduced【答案】C考查动名词的被动语态。就在遭遇一场大地震被夷为平地之后不久,这个城市呈现了新的面貌。此句中的“after”是介词,后面需要动名词,而且城市是被夷为平地,所以用动名词的被动语态。故选C项。5(天津) _ for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.ATo work BWorkedCTo be working DHaving worked工作了两天,Steve成功的按时完成了他的报告。句中的逻辑主语为Steve,与wo
5、rk之间为主动关系,故用现在分词,这里用having worked,表示动作的先后性。故选D。【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。6You cant imagine what difficulty we had _home in the snowstorm.Awalked BwalkCto walk Dwalking考查have difficulty (in) doing sth.短语的变式运用。difficulty在句中充当先行词,其后为定语从句。答案:D7While waiting for the opportunity to get , Henry did his best to perform
6、 his duty.Apromote BpromotedCpromoting Dto promote【答案】B本题考查的非谓语动词的固定搭配“get+过去分词”,如“get burnt”被烫伤,get paid获得报酬;本句中的get promoted获得提拔。在等待着背提拔的机会的时候,Herry全力以赴地尽好自己的责任。故B正确。8If there is a lot of work _Im happy to just keep on until it is finishedAto do Bto be doingCdone Ddoing【详解】考查非谓语动词。如果有很多工作要做,我很乐意一直
7、把它做完。分析句子可知,用不定式做定语表示未发生的动作,放在被修饰词的名词、代词后,此处to do在句中做定语修饰work,主动形式表示被动含义,故选A。9_ the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones.ATo enjoy BEnjoying CTo have enjoyed DEnjoy为了享受数字支付的方便,很多老年市民开始使用智能手机。此处用不定式表目的,故选A。10I looked up and noticed a snake _ its way up the
8、tree to catch its breakfast.Ato wind Bwind Cwinding Dwound我抬头向上看,注意到一条蛇正在蜿蜒向树上爬来获取它的早餐。分析句子可知,wind its way作宾语补足语,winding its way与宾语snake之间为主动关系且此动作正在进行,故选C。11_ their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory.ATo throw BThrown CBeing thrown DThrowing获胜球队的粉丝把帽子扔到天空
9、,他们发出胜利的欢呼。分析句子结构可知,逗号前的部分充当状语,故用非谓语动词,the fans和throw是主动关系,故用现在分词形式,故选。12The players _ from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game.Aselecting Bto selectCselected Dhaving selected 句意:从全国各地挑选出来的运动员将在这场夏季比赛中为我们争光。分析句子可知,select与players在逻辑上是被动关系,所以用过去分词。13He got up late and
10、hurried to his office, _ the breakfast untouched.Aleft Bto leaveCleaving Dhaving left他起晚了,没有吃早饭就匆忙赶往办公室。he与leave是主谓关系,即他让.处于某种状态,应该用现在分词表伴随状况,排除A、B;“hurried”和“leaving”两个动作是同时发生的,当两个动作有时间先后关系时,需要使用现在分词的完成式,排除D;leave the breakfast untouched没有动早餐,故选C。14The lecture mainly deals with the trouble young ch
11、ildren have _ right from wrong.Adistinguished BdistinguishingCto distinguish Dto be distinguished首先have difficult /trouble doing sth是固定词组。The lecture mainly deals with the trouble young children have distinguishing right from wrong在这个句子中,deal with的宾语是trouble,所以后面的句子是修饰trouble这个词的定语从句。固定用法考查对于固定用法,平时
12、一定要多归纳、总结和记忆。15On the third floor there are two rooms, _ used as a meeting-room.Athe larger of which Bone of themCand a larger of them Dthe largest one of which考查过去分词的独立主格结构。三楼有两个房间,其中一个被用作会议室。如果选A项,是非限制性定语从句,从句应该用一般过去时态的被动语态,此处used是过去分词,所以A错;如果选C项,中间加and表明是并列句,the+比较级,才表示“两个当中更大的”,故C项错;因为是两个房间,不可能出
13、现最高级,故D项错;只有选B项是过去分词的独立主格结构,符合题意。【名师点睛】非谓语动词的独立主格结构一、独立主格结构的概念独立主格结构(Absolute Structure)是由名词或代词加上分词等构成的一种独立结构,用于修饰整个句子。独立主格结构中的名词或代词与其后的分词等构成逻辑上的主谓关系。这种结构与主句不发生句法上的联系,它的位置相当灵活,可置于主句前、主句末或主句中,常由逗号将其与主句分开。需特别注意的是,独立主格结构与主句之间不能使用任何连接词。二、独立主格结构基本构成形式名词(代词)+现在分词(过去分词;形容词;副词;不定式;名词;介词短语)1. 名词(代词)+现在分词There being no bus, we had to walk home.由于没有公共汽车,我们只好走回家。2. 名词(代词)+过去分词The workers worked still harder, their living conditions greatly improved.由于工人们的生活条件大大提高,他们工作得更起劲了。3. 名词(代词)+不定式在“名词/代词+动词不定式”结构中,动词不定式和它前面的名词或代词如果存在着逻辑上的主谓关系,动词不定式则用主动的形式;如果是动宾关系,则用被动形式。The four of us
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