下半年CATTI英语二级笔译实务真题及部分答案Word格式.docx

1、英译汉第一篇Youve temporarily misplaced your cell phone and anxiously retrace your steps to try to find it. Or perhaps you never let go of your phoneits always in your hand, your pocket, or your bag, ready to be answered or consulted at a moments notice. When your battery life runs down at the end of the

2、day, you feel that yours is running low as well. New research shows that theres a psychological reason for such extreme phone dependence: According to the attachment theory, for some of us, our phone serves the same function as the teddy bear we clung to in childhood.Attachment theory proposes that

3、our early life experiences with parents responsible for our well-being, are at the root of our connections to the adults with whom we form close relationships. Importantly, attachment in early life can extend to inanimate objects. Teddy bears, for example, serve as “transitional objects.” The teddy

4、bear, unlike the parent, is always there. We extend our dependence onparents to these animals, and use them to help us move to an independent sense of self.A cell phone has the potential to be a “compensatory attachment” object. Although phones are often castigated for their addictive potential, sci

5、entists cite evidence that supports the idea that “healthy, normal adults also report significant emotional attachment to special objects”Indeed, cell phones have become a pervasive feature of our lives: The number of cell phone users exceeds the total population of the planet. The average amount of

6、 mobile or smartphone use in the U.S. is 3.3 hours per day. People also like to be near their phones: A 2013 survey cited by the Hungarian team. Nearly as many people report being distressed when theyre separated from their phone.Phones have distinct advantages. They can be kept by your side and the

7、y provide a social connection to the people you care about. Even if youre not talking to your friends, lover, or family, you can keep their photos close by, read their messages, and follow them on social media. You can track them in real time but also look back on memorable moments together. These c

8、hannels help you “feel less alone”.来源：英译汉第二篇（）Many countries have adopted the principle of sustainable development it can combat gaginst environment deterioration in air quality, water quality and .viable role for every member in the world. production .health education in developing countries. But s

9、ome argue that its a vague idea, some organizations may use it in its own interests, whether environmental or economic is the nature of interests. Others argue that sustainable development in developing countries overlook the local customs,habitude and people.Whereas interdependence is desirable dur

10、ing times of peace, war necessitates competition and independence. Tariffs and importation limits strengthen a countrys economic vitality while potentially weakening the economies of its enemies. Moreover, protectionism in the weapons industry is highly desirable during such circumstances because re

11、liance on another state for armaments can be fatal.For the most part, economists emphasize the negative effects of protectionism. It reduces international trade and raises prices for consumers. In addition, domestic firms that receive protection have less incentive to innovate. Although free trade p

12、uts uncompetitive firms out of business, the displaced workers and resources are ultimately allocated to other areas of the economy.Imposing quotas is a method used to protect trade, since foreign companies cannot ship more products regardless of how low they set their prices. Countries that hope to

13、 help a new industry thrive locally often impose quotas on imported goods. They believe that such restrictions allow entities in the new industry to develop their own competitive advantages and produce the products efficiently. Developing countries often use this argument to justify their restrictio

14、ns on foreign goods.Protectionisms purpose is usually to create jobs for domestic workers. Companies that operate in industries protected by quotas hire workers locally. Another disadvantage of quotas is the reduction in the quality of products in the absence of competition from foreign companies. W

15、ithout competition, local firms are less likely to invest in innovation and improve their products and services. Domestic sellers dont have an incentive to enhance efficiency and lower their prices, and under such conditions, consumers eventually pay more for products and services they could receive from foreign competitors. As local companies lose competitiveness, they become pressured to outsource jobs. In the long-run, increasing protectionism commonly leads to layoffs and economic slowdown.汉译英第一篇（中国的中医药白皮书）人类在漫长发展进程中创造了丰富多彩的世界文明，中华文明是世界文明多样性、多