中考英语常考易错点专题讲练完形填空含答案解析Word文档下载推荐.docx

1、此类题目考查的是:各种语法规则在文章中的运用。其中包括名词的单复数,形容词、副词的比较等级,动词的时态和语态,介词、数词、代词和连词的用法,主谓一致,各种从句的用法等。3. 结构:文章中间句子与句子之间,段落与段落之间,上文与下文之间的逻辑关系。从设空的类型看可分为三个层次:（1）句子层次;（2）句组层次;（3）全篇层次。设空的难度,从句子层次到句组层次,再到全篇层次,依次增加。分析近几年各地区的完形填空题,我们可以看出设空主要以句子层次为主,以句组层次为辅,几乎没有全篇层次题目。因此总体难度较低。二、考点分析完形填空题是一种旨在考查学生语法和词汇知识综合运用能力的典型题型。它结合了单项选择题

2、和短文填空的优点,既考查词语搭配、近义词辨异、动词时态、句型结构、复合句的关联和习惯用法等,又考查了逻辑推理和事理推断能力。1. 完形填空题要求填入的词 （1）语法结构所要求的功能词,如连接词、连接代词、连接副词、关系代词、关系副词等;（2）具有语法变化的普通词,如动词的时态、语态、语气,名词的数,代词的格,形容词和副词的级等;（3）固定搭配短语或词组中的特定词;（4）同义词、近义词等易混淆词;（5）根据上、下文意思及结构必须填入的确定词。可见,完形填空是一种综合性较强的题型。它的突出特点是起点高、容量大。同学们只有具备了扎实的语言基本功、较好的阅读能力及归纳判断能力,才能适应这一题型。2.

3、完形填空题的考查目的 （1）考查同学们阅读理解能力;（2）考查同学们语法知识;（3）考查同学们综合运用英语知识的水平和实践能力。提分策略一、解题步骤 近年来完形填空试题的考点已由在语篇中考查语法逐渐转向对语篇的整体理解。比如多数试题所设选项如单从语法角度来判定都是正确的,但一旦联系语篇内容,则只有一个正确答案。解答这类试题考生除必须掌握一定的语法、词汇知识外,还有赖于提高阅读理解能力。该题型的技巧如下:1. 通读全文,了解大意要着眼大局,速读全文。用34分钟,以略读方式快速浏览全文,从语篇整体上了解文章的主题,文体特征,找出作者的观点,态度,思路,结合段首句、段尾句和含有连贯意义的词语,找到文

4、章展开的,句与句以及段与段之间的逻辑关系。2. 瞻前顾后,逐步填空逐句通读全文,各个击破,做到通读与猜测并行。对含义明显的词汇,固定搭配或习惯用法,常用句式等纯知识问题,可以边读边随时猜测出答案。针对在通读过程中未能轻易猜测出答案的题目,利用上下文中、字里行间的线索猜测出答案。3. 认真复查,适当调整检查核实,通读选定答案后的全文。此时的文章应当是一个语法结构正确,用词准确,上下文逻辑关系严密,主题突出,内容充实,意思连贯的整体。如果发现个别填空使文章文理不通,语法结构有问题,就说明选答不正确。对这样的填空应该认真推敲,进行调整。可以从以下几个方面对所选答案进行核查:（1）所选择的单词或短语是

5、否符合本句内容,使上下文连贯和谐,与全文意义相协调;（2）所选择的单词或短语是否符合某种固定搭配;（3）所选择的单词或短语是否符合某种句型、时态、语态的特殊要求;（4）所选词本身和附近的词有无特殊要求,如有些动词后面只接动名词而不能接不定式。【例1】（2014山东枣庄）One Friday night, a poor young man stood at a gate of the railway station, playing his violin. Many people put money into the hat 1 in front of him. The next day, 2

6、young man came to the gate of the railway station again, and put his hat on the ground. But 3 what he always did in the past days, he took out a large piece of paper and laid it on the ground. It said, “Last night, a gentleman named George Sang put an important thing into my hat by mistake. Please c

7、ome soon, Mr Sang.” After about half an hour, a middle-aged man ran to the young man 4 and said “Its you! You do come here. I know that youre an honest man and will certainly 5 here.” The young man asked “Are you Mr George Sang? Did you lose anything?” “A lottery（奖券） ticket.” answered the middle-age

8、d man. The young man took out a lottery ticket and gave it to the man. The prize of the lottery ticket was $ 500, 000. Yesterday when the middle-aged man knew he 6, he was very happy. He took out 50 dollars and put it in the hat. However, the lottery ticket was also 7 in. Later, someone asked the yo

9、ung man, “You 8 the violin in the railway station every day to make money. Why didnt you just take the prize of the lottery ticket for yourself?” The young man said, “Although I dont have much money, I live 9. But I lose 10. I wont be happy forever.”1. A. lying B. sleeping C. bowing D. dropping2. A.

10、 不填 B. a C. an D. the3. A. far from B. similar to C. different from D. same as4. A. slowly B. in a hurry C. strongly D. sleepily 5. A. hide B. come C. flee D. leave6. A. lost B. won C. fell D. chased7. A. filled B. pulled C. kicked D. thrown8. A. play B. sell C. buy D. repair9. A. sadly B. happily C

11、. normally D. lively10. A. job B. pleasure C. honesty D. purse【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文,文章讲述了一名靠拉小提琴谋生的年轻人,无意中得到了别人的中奖奖券,然后归还了回去的故事。告诉我们在生活中诚实更重要。1. A解析: lying躺在,位于;sleeping睡觉;bowing鞠躬;dropping掉下。很多人把钱放进“位于”他前面的帽子。故选A。2. D解析:由上文中的“a poor young man”可知,第二次提到表示特指,使用定冠词the。3. C由下文中的“he took out a large piece of pa

12、per and laid it on the ground”可知,“不同”前几天做的。different from表示“与不同”,符合文意。 4. B解析:由上文中的“a middle-aged man ran to the young man”和下文“It You do come here.”可知,中年男子是“匆忙”跑去的。in a hurry表示“匆忙”,符合文意。5. B解析:hide藏;come来;flee逃跑;leave离开。我知道你是个诚实的人,一定会“来”这儿的。故选B。6. B解析:lost丢失;won赢得,获得;fell倒下;chased追逐。由下文“he was very

13、happy”和“He took out 50 dollars and put it in the hat.”可知,此处表示“当中年人知道他获奖的时候”。7. D解析:filled充满;pulled拉;kicked踢;thrown扔。然而,奖券也被“扔”进去了。故选D。8. A解析:由上文中的“One Friday night, a poor young man stood at a gate of the railway station, playing his violin.”可知,你每天在火车站“拉”小提琴赚钱。表示“拉小提琴”使用play the violin。9. B解析:sadly悲

14、伤地;happily高兴地;normally正常地;lively生动地。虽然我没有很多钱,但是我“快乐地”生活。10. Cjob工作;pleasure高兴;honesty诚实;purse钱包。但是我失去“诚实”,我会永远不快乐。故选C。【例2】（2013广西南宁）A man was driving his car on a country road. Suddenly two three-legged chickens ran across the road. “Wow! How 1 those chickens run!” said the man. He was really curious （好奇的） about these chickens, 2 he followed the road where the chickens had just come from. Finally, he came to a farm. There were many three-legged chickens running around. The farmer came out to greet him.