初中英语语法---介词专题(含练习)Word格式文档下载.doc

1、 in 2012 在2012年 in summer 在夏天 in October 在10月 in a week/ in two weeks 在一周之内，在两周之内 in the morning/afternoon/evening 在早上/ 下午/ 晚上（3）用来表示具体的某一天，如果专指某一天的上午、下午、晚上，要用on 例如：on Sunday 在星期日on Sunday morning 在星期日的早上on the morning of June 1st 在6月1日的早上on a cold winter night 在一个寒冷的冬夜状元典例1（ ）1.The earthquake which

2、 happened in Yushu _ 14th April, 2010 was a big disaster.A. atB. onC. inD. to（ ）2.The car accident happened _ a cold winter morning. Luckily, no one was hurt.A. in B. on C. at D. of（ ）3.The famous writer William Shakespeare was born _1564.A. in B. on C. at D. of2）表示“在期间”，常用介词during, fromto。（1）during

3、 “在期间”。during the summer holiday 在暑假期间during the night 在夜间（2）from to表示“从到”例如：from Monday to Friday 从周一到周五from 7 oclock to 9 oclock 从7点到9点3）其他表示时间的介词，例如：before, after, since, for, until, by, past, to。（1）before & after词义用法before在之前before +时间点after在之后 after +时间点She often reads newspapers after breakfas

4、t. 她经常早饭之后看报纸。Ill be free before 7 oclock tomorrow. 我明天7点前会有空。（2）since & for since自从since+点时间/动作初始的句子用于现在完成时for达，计for + 段时间通常用于现在完成时I have learned English since 2002.我自2002年以来就学习英语了。We have known each other since I was a little boy.They have lived here for ten years. （3）until （till）“直到”，常用notuntil“直

5、到才”，until后接点时间。He will wait for me until 11 oclock.They didnt stop until midnight.（4）by “到前；截止到”，常用于完成时。He has finished his homework by 5 oclock yesterday afternoon.We had learned eight hundred words by the end of last week.状元典例Its said he stayed there quietly _ two oclock that afternoon.A. on B. at

6、 C. until D. by（5）past & topast表示超过某一时刻to表示几点差几分ten past two 2:10ten to two 1:50注意：在this, that, last, next, every等词前不加介词。last night 昨天晚上this morning 今天早上2. 表示地点，方位的介词的用法1）in & at “在”inin +大地点atat+小地点in Shanghai 在上海in the south 在南方at the gate 在大门口at the end of the road 在路的尽头2）on, over & above “在上”on“

7、在上面”与物体表面有接触over“在正上方”垂直于正上方，表示“跨越，覆盖”above“在上方”在某物上方，位置高于某物There is a bag on the desk. 床上有一个书包。The lamp is over the table. 灯在桌子的正上方。The heaven is above us.苍天在上。3） under & below “在下方”under“在下方”表示正下方below“在下面” “低于”与above意思相反There is a ball under the bed.床下有一个球。The temperature will stay above zero in

8、the day-time, but at night it will fall below zero again.白天的气温在零度以上，但是到了晚上气温会降到零度以下。4） before, in front of & in the front of “在前”图示在前面（1）当指空间位置时，与in front of的含义相同。（2）多与抽象概念连用；表示顺序在前。无Infront of指一个物体在另一个物体的前方。A is in front of B.in the front of在前部指一个物体包含在另一个物体的内部的前方。A is in the front of B.She stood be

9、fore her teacher, not knowing what to say.There is a big tree in front of the classroom.There is a desk in the front of the classroom.教室的前部有一张桌子。（桌子包含在教室里）Why are you standing there, Maggie?I cant see the blackboard clearly. Two tall boys are sitting _ me.A. behind B. in front of C. beside D. next t

10、o5）between, among & in the middle of between“在之间”常指“两者之间”。among“在中间”指“三者或三者以上”的同类事物之间。in the middle of强调在一处地方的中心或中心附近的位置I sit between my father and mother. 我坐在爸爸和妈妈之间。I couldnt find him among the crowd. 我在人群中找不到他。There is a big sofa in the middle of the house. 在房子的中间有一张大沙发。7） near, by, beside & arou

11、ndnear“在附近”（有一定的距离）by“在旁”（相对距离较近）beside“在旁边”around“在周围”The children are playing near the river.孩子们正在河边玩耍。（暗指孩子们与河有一定的距离）He is fishing by the river.他正在河边钓鱼。（强调他与河距离很近）He sat in the chair beside the door.他坐在门边的一张椅子上。The children gathered around the teacher.孩子们围在老师的身边。8） outside &outside“在外面”inside“在里面

12、”He is waiting for me outside the room.There is something inside the box.3. 表示方位的介词的用法1） in, on & to Beijing lies in the north of China.北京位于中国的北部。（北京包含在中国之内）Russia is on the north of China.俄罗斯在中国的北面。（俄罗斯不包含在中国之内，但与中国接壤）Japan is to the east of China.日本在中国的东面。（日本不包含在中国之内）1.People _ the southwest of China were in great need of water a couple of months ago. A. in B. at C. to D. on2.The school gate is _ the north of the classroom building.A. in B. to