新概念英语第四册课堂重点笔记.docx

1、新概念英语第四册课堂重点笔记新概念英语第四册课堂笔记1 fossil man (化石人)Why are legends handed down by storytellers useful?We can read of things that happened 5,000 years ago in the Near East，where people first learned to write. But there are some parts of the world where even now people cannot write. The only way that they ca

2、n preserve their history is to recount it as sagas - legends handed down from one generation of story tellers to another. These legends are useful because they can tell us something about migrations of people who lived long ago，but none could write down what they did. Anthropologists wondered where

3、the remote ancestors of the Polynesian peoples now living in the Pacific Islands came from. The sagas of these people explain that some of them came from Indonesia about 2,000 years ago.But the first people who were like ourselves lived so long ago that even their sagas，if they had any，are forgotten

4、. So archaeologists have neither history nor legends to help them to find out where the first modern men came from.Fortunately，however，ancient men made tools of stone，especially flint，because this is easier to shape than other kinds. They may also have used wood and skins，but these have rotted away.

5、 Stone does not decay，and so the tools of long ago have remained when even the bones of the men who made them have disappeared without trace.【New words and expressions 生词和短语】fossilman adj. 化石人recount v. 论述saga n. 英雄故事legend n. 传说，传奇migration n. 迁移，移居anthropologist n. 人类学家archaeologist n. 考古学家ancesto

6、r n. 祖先Polynesian adj.波利尼西亚（中太平洋之一群岛）Indonesia n. 印度尼西亚flint n. 燧石rot n. 烂掉【课文注释】1.hand down 把.传下去例句：Many old legends were handed down from generation by mouth. 许多古老传说都是一代一代口传下来了。2.read of，读到，和read about是相似意思。谈到：speak of，talk of理解到：know of听到：hear of3.the first people，原始人people+s 表达民族4.if they had an

7、y：即便是有，表假设例句：His relatives，if he had any，never went to visit him when he was hospitalized.她亲戚，即便她尚有话，在她住院时也从来不去看她。5.when even the bones of the men who made them have disappeared without trace，这个以when引导状语从句表达让步意思，而when可以译成“虽然”，“尽管”。【参照译文】咱们从书籍中可读到5,000 年前近东发生事情，那里人最早学会了写字。但直到当前,世界上有些地方，人们还不会书写。 她们保存历

8、史唯一办法是将历史当作传说讲述，由讲述人一代接一代地将史实描述为传奇故事口传下来。人类学家过去不清晰如今生活在太平洋诸岛上波利尼西亚人祖先来自何方，本地人传说却告诉人们：其中一某些是约在2,0前从印度尼西亚迁来。但是，和咱们相似原始人生活年代太久远了，因而，关于她们传说既使有如今也失传了。于是，考古学家们既缺少历史记载，又无口头传说来协助她们弄清最早“当代人”是从哪里来。然而， 幸运是，远古人用石头制作了工具，特别是用燧石，由于燧石较之其她石头更容易成形。她们也也许用过木头和兽皮，但此类东西早已腐烂殆尽。石头是不会腐烂。因而，尽管制造这些工具人骨头早已荡然无存，但远古时代石头工具却保存了下来。

9、【作业时间】1. 咱们为人们提供了两种主流英语发音音频，请人们下载自己喜欢一种，放到MP3里重复听！（刚开始练习英语听力和口语最佳选定一种学习，不要英音美音混淆哦！）2. 背诵、并默写今天课文。实在没有时间同窗就抄写一遍吧。（但愿人们多多开口，我会帮人们做点评，也许偶尔会稍有点儿晚，还请见谅哈）3. 用今天学到单词或句型造句一种。Lesson 2 Spare that spider不要伤害蜘蛛First listen and then answer the following question.听录音，然后回答如下问题。How much of each year do spiders spen

10、d killing insects?Why，you may wonder，should spiders be our friends?Because they destroy so many insects，and insects include some of the greatest enemies of the human race. Insects would make it impossible for us to live in the world；they would devour all our crops and kill our flocks and herds，if it

11、 were not for the protection we get from insect-eating animals. We owe a lot to the birds and beasts who eat insects but all of them put together kill only a fraction of the number destroyed by spiders. Moreover，unlike some of the other insect eaters，spiders never do the harm to us or our belongings

12、.Spiders are not insects，as many people think，nor even nearly related to them. One can tell the difference almost at a glance，for a spider always has eight legs and insect never more than six.How many spiders are engaged in this work no our behalf?One authority on spiders made a census of the spider

13、s in grass field in the south of England，and he estimated that there were more than 2,250,000 in one acre；that is something like 6,000,000 spiders of different kinds on a football pitch. Spiders are busy for at least half the year in killing insects. It is impossible to make more than the wildest gu

14、ess at how many they kill，but they are hungry creatures，not content with only three meals a day. It has been estimated that the weight of all the insects destroyed by spiders in Britain in one year would be greater than the total weight of all the human beings in the country.T. H. GILLESPLE Spare th

15、at spider from The ListenerNew words and expressionsBeast n. 野兽Census n. 记录数字Acre n. 英亩Content adj. 满足本文参照译文你也许会觉得奇怪， 蜘蛛怎么会是咱们朋友呢？由于它们能消灭那么多昆虫，其中涉及某些人类大敌，要不是人类受某些食虫动物保护，昆虫就会使咱们无法在地球上生活下去，昆虫会吞食咱们所有庄稼，杀死咱们成群牛羊。咱们要十分感谢那些吃昆虫鸟和兽，然而把它们所杀死昆虫所有加在一起也只相称于蜘蛛所消灭一小某些。此外，蜘蛛不同于其她食虫动物，它们丝毫不危害咱们和咱们财物。许多人以为蜘蛛是昆虫，但它们不

16、是昆虫，甚至与昆虫毫无关系。人们几乎一眼就能看出两者差别，由于蜘蛛都是8条腿，而昆虫腿从不超过6条。有多少蜘蛛在为咱们效力呢？一位研究蜘蛛权威对英国南部一块草坪上蜘蛛作了一次调查。她预计每英亩草坪里有225万多只蜘蛛。这就是说，在一种足球场上约有600万只不同种类蜘蛛。蜘蛛至少有半年在忙于吃昆虫。它们一年中消灭了多少昆虫，咱们简直无法猜测，它们是吃不饱动物，不满意一日三餐。据预计，在英国蜘蛛一年里所消灭昆虫重量超过这个国家人口总重量。【新概念英语四】第3课 Matterhorn man 马特霍恩山区人听录音，然后回答如下问题。What was the main objective of early mountain cl