1、Dontlaughatothers.Toasedhisparentsforabie.动词+副词常见的有giveup,picup,thinover,findout,handin,等。这类短语动词的宾语如果是名词,既可放在副词前边,又可放在副词后边;宾语如果是人称代词或反身代词,则要放在副词前边。youllhandinyourhoeortoorro.Pleasedontforgettohanditin.动词+副词+介词常见的有goonith,catchupith等。这类短语动词的宾语只能放在介词后边。GoonandIllcatchupithyouinfiveinutes.Afterashortre
2、st,heentonithhisresearchor.动词+名词+介词常见的有taecareof,aeuseof,payattentionto,aefunof等。youshouldpayattentiontoyourhandriting.eshouldaefulluseofourtie.动词+形容词常见的有leaveopen,setfree,cutopen等。这类短语动词的宾语如果是名词,则宾语可放在形容词的前边,也可放在后边;宾语如果是人称代词或反身代词,则必须放在形容词前边。Theprisonerseresetfree.Hecutitopen.动词+名词常见的有taeplace,aefri
3、ends等。这类短语动词用作不及物动词。Thisstorytooplacethreeyearsago.Iaefriendsithalotofpeople.短语动词的辨析beadein,beadeofedon,ealong,etooneself,etrue,eout,eover,ein,eon,eupithdoonesbest,doellin,dooneshoeor,dosoereadingfallasleep,fallbehind,falloff,falldongetdon,geton,getto,getup,getbac,getoff,getonellith,getarried,gettog
4、ethergiveup,giveahand,giveaconcertgobac,goon,gohoe,gotobed,goover,goout,gorong,goondoing,goshopping,goboating,gofishing,gohiing,gosating,gostraightalonghavealoo,haveaseat,havesupper,havearest,havesports,haveacold,haveacough,haveagoodtie,haveaheadache,haveatrloofor,looout,looover,looup,looafter,looat
5、,loolie,loothesae,aefriends,aephonecalls,aeoney,aethebed,aeanoise,aeafaces,aeonesayto,aeroofor,aeadecision,aeaistae,aeuponesindputon,putup,putdon,putaay,putofftaeoff,taephotos,taetie,taeout,taeaseat,taeanactivepartin,taecareof,taeexercise,taeonesplace,taeturntalabout,talithturnon,turnoff,turndon,tur
6、noverthinof,thinabout句子的基本句型结构根据句子所用动词的不同,句子可归纳为五个基本句型。主语+连系动词+表语。例如:yotherisadoctor.Hervoicesoundsnice.主语+不及物动词。Herunsfast.estudyhard.主语+及物动词+宾语。childrenoftensingthissong.HestudiesEnglish.)常用-ing形式,而不用不定式作宾语的动词有:enjoy,finish,feellie,consider,practise,eep,suggest,ind等。Sheenjoysreadingnovelsandsiing.
7、Ifinishedreadingtheboolastnight.)常用不定式,而不用-ing形式作宾语的动词有:ish,hope,agree,plan,decide,refuse等。heredoishtosit?Toagreedtolendsoeoney.)有些及物动词既可用不定式,由可用-ing形式作宾语,但意义不同。这类动词常见的有:reeber,forget等。Pleasereebertoposttheletterfore.请记住替我发了这封信。Ireeberpostingtheletter.我记得那封信寄过了。Stop的用法同上面的词相仿,不过stop后面跟不定式不是作宾语,而是作状语
8、。试比较下列句子:Hestoppedtosoe.他停下来吸烟。Hestoppedsoing.他停止吸烟了。)有些及物动词的宾语,既可用不定式,又可用-ing形式,意义基本相同。lie,love,hate,begin,start,continue等。Ilietosiinsuer.Iliesiinginsuer.主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语。yfatherboughteanebie.Hegaveeanapple.)及物动词之后跟有双宾语,往往一个指人,一个指物。指人的为间接宾语,指物的为直接宾语。一般情况下,间接宾语在前,直接宾语在后。如果要把间接宾语放在直接宾语之后,间接宾语前需加介词。P
9、leasepasseacupoftea.=Pleasepassacupofteatoe.Shoeyourneboo,please.=Pleaseshoyournebootoe.)把间接宾语放在直接宾语之后,间接宾前有时加介词to,有时加介词for,这主要取决于谓语动词。一般在动词give,tell,sell,lend,sho之后加to。在动词buy,ae,get等之后加for。ouldyoulendeyourdictionary,please?=ouldyoulendyourdictionarytoe,please?Tosotherboughthiapairofneshoes.=Tosothe
10、rboughtapairofneshoesforhi.主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语。eeepourclassroocleanandtidy.Ihearsoeonesinginginthenextroo.)及物动词指后跟有复合宾语,一个是宾语,一个是宾语补足语。宾语和宾语补足语之间有逻辑上的主谓关系。ecallhijac.Dontgetyourhandsdirty.)在及物动词之后,用不定式作宾语补足语和用-ing形式作宾语补足语表示的意思往往不同。用不定式作宾语补足语指事情的全过程;用-ing形式作宾语补足语指正在进行的动作的一部分。Iheardhisingthatsong.henIcae
11、bac,Iheardhisingingintheroo.)在感官动词see,hear,feel,atch,listento,looat使役动词let,ae,have等的复合宾语种,不定式须省去to。但变为被动句时,省去的to要加上。Isahigointotheroo.Heasseentogointotheroo.Itstieto.表“时间到了;该干的时间了”之意。stietogohoe.stieforschool.注意:to的后面接动词短语,而for的后面接名词。sbadfor.表示“对有害的”含义。Pleasedontsoe.Itsbadforyourhealth.Pleasetaeoree
12、xercise.Itsgoodforyourhealth.belatefor是“上学”之意。for后面还可以接eeting或class。Heaslateforschoolthisorning.Dontbelateforclass,please.hadbetterdo/notdosth.表示“最好做/不做某事”之意。youhadbetterputonthecoathenyougoout.Itscoldoutside.ehadbetterstoptohavearest.用hadbetter时,后面一定要直接跟动词原形,决不能加todosth.否定一定用在第二个动词之前,是动词不定式的否定式。bea
13、fraidof.表示“恐怕”,“害怕”之意。Heisafraidofsnaes.aryfeelsafraidofgoingoutalone.enjoydoingsth.是“喜欢做某事”之意,doing是动名词作动词enjoy的宾语。enjoy有欣赏之意。AreyouenjoylivinginBeijing?Doyouenjoylisteningtousic?stopdoingsth.停止做某事stoptodosth.停下来做某事stieforclass.Stoptaling,please.henshesae,shestoppedtotalithe.Letsb.do让某人做某事。Letsgotoschool.Fatheradehissoncleantherooagain.当aesb.dosth.用于被动语态时,第二个动词前面就一定要加to了。Hissonasadetocleantherooagain.heasadetoortelvehoursadayinthepast.lieto
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