必修三四知识点总结Word格式文档下载.docx

1、7.organization n.组织，机构，团体 organizevt.组织;筹备, 成立; 使加入工会，使有条理8.behave v.举止，表现behavior n.行为，举止9. shade n.阴凉处 v.遮住光线10. worthwhile adj.值得的，值得做的 It is worthwhile doing sth./ to do sth.worth adj.值，值得 be worth doingworthy adj.值得做的，可尊敬的 be worthy of sth/ being done be worthy to be done11. observe v.观察，观测，遵守o

2、bservation n.观察，观测12. respect v./n.尊敬，尊重，敬意respectable adj.值得尊敬的，正派的，体面地respectful adj.有礼貌的，恭敬的13. argue .v.争论，辩论argument n.争论，辩论 argued-adj 引起争论的14.entertainment-n 款待，娱乐 entertain-v 款待；招待，娱乐，抱有，怀着（想法、疑问）15. crowd n.人群，观众 v.挤满，使拥挤crowded adj.拥挤的16. inspire v.鼓舞，激发inspired adj.受到鼓舞的，有灵感的inspiring adj

3、.鼓舞人的inspiration n.鼓舞，灵感17 support v.支持，拥护supporter n.支持者，拥护者18.refer-vi 谈到，查阅，参考19.intend v.计划，打算intention n.打算，目的，意图20.considerate adj.考虑周到的consider v.考虑，认为consideration n考虑，体谅considering prep考虑到21.kind adj 仁慈的，和善的，友爱的kindness n 仁慈，好意，善良22.deliver v.递送，生（小孩），接生，发表（演讲等）delivery n.投递，交货，分娩23.modest

4、adj 谦虚的，谦让的，适度的重点短语梳理1 devoteto （doing） sth.把奉献给devote oneself to致力于，献身于 be devoted to专心致志于2 human beings 人类3 move off 离开，启程，出发4 lead alife 过着的生活5 crowd in 涌上心头，涌入脑海6 look down on/ upon 蔑视，瞧不起7 refer to 查阅，参考，谈到 （其中，to为介词）8 by chance 碰巧，凑巧9. come across 偶遇，碰见10. carry on 继续，坚持 carry out 实行，执行，完成11.

5、be dressed in 穿着 dress as 打扮成12.fight for 为.而战 fight against 与战斗13.put to death判死刑14. concern oneself with关注 注意15.intend to do sth./ doing sth. 打算做某事16. in the shade of 在的树荫下，在的庇护下17.gain doctors degree 获得博士学位18. be considered as 被看做.19.take turns to do sth 采取步骤做某事20.do research on 做方面的研究21.mean to

6、do 打算做某事 mean doing 意味着22. by now 直到现在重点句型再现1 Shespent years observingand recording their daily activities.她花去多年的时间观察和记录它们的日常活动。（spend+时间/金钱+doing sth 花时间或金钱去做某事）2 Only after her mother came to help her for the first few monthswas she allowed to beginher project. 她的母亲头几个月来帮过她的忙；这才使她得以开始自己的计划。（only位于

7、句首并修饰状语，句子要发生部分倒装，将助动词或联系动词置于主语之前）3Following Janes way of studing chimps, our group are all going to visit them in the forest.我们一行人将按照Jane研究猩猩的方法去森林里拜访他们。（-ing作方式状语。注意非谓语动词作状语时的区别：-ing主动/进行/延续，-ed被动/过去，to do主动/将来）4.It seemed thatshe had been very busy in her chosen carrer travelling abroad to studya

8、s well aswriting books and articles 看起来她忙于所选择的和写作一样的到国外研究。（It seemed that+从句：似乎是，看起来好像是。 as well as 还有）5.What made her succeedlater on was the kindness and consideration she showed to all her patients后来使她成功的是她对所有病人献出的爱心和体贴。（What made her succeed主语从句。了解what引导的名词性从句的译法，明白它们在句中的成分：作主语、宾语、表语、同位语）语法剖析（主谓

9、一致）主谓一致，指人称和数方面的一致关系。分为:语法一致, 内容一致, 就近一致。（一） 语法一致原则: 即主语为单数,谓语用单数,主语为复数,谓语也用复数。以下为注意事项:1. 单数主语即使后面带有with , along with, together with, like（象）, but （除了）,except, besides, as well as, no less than, rather than（而不是）, including, in addition to 引导的短语, 谓语动词仍用单数。如: Air as well as water is matter. 空气和水都是物质。N

10、o one except two servants was late for the dinner. 除了两个仆人外, 没有一个人迟来用餐。2. 用and连接的并列主语,如果主语是同一个人,同一事,同一概念, 谓语动词用单数, 否则用复数。The poet and writer has come. 那位诗人兼作家来了.（一个人）A hammer and a saw are useful tools. 锤子和锯都是有用的工具. （两样物）用and连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体, 如:bread and butter（黄油抹面包）, knife and fork（刀叉）等作主语时, 谓语动词

11、用单数。3. 不定式（短语）, 动名词（短语）, 或从句作主语时, 谓语动词用单数. 如:Serving the people is my great happiness.为人民服务是我最大的幸福.When well go out for an outing has been decided.我们什么时候出去郊游已决定了。4. 用连接的并列主语被each, every 或no修饰时, 谓语动词用单数.Every boy and every girl likes to go swimming. 每个男孩和每个女孩都喜欢去游泳.No teacher and no student was absen

12、t from the meeting. 没有老师也没有学生开会缺席.Each man and （each） woman is asked to help. 每个男人和每个女人都被请去帮忙。5. each of + 复数代词, 谓语动词用单数. 复数代词+each, 谓语动词用单数.如:Each of us has something to say. 我们每个人都有话要说。6. 若主语中有more than one 或many a/an , 尽管从意义上看是复数, 但它的谓语动词仍用单数。 但more+复数名词+than one做主语时, 谓语动词仍用复数. 如:Many a boy likes

13、 playing basketball. 许多男生都喜欢打篮球.More than one student was late. 不只一个学生迟到More persons than one come to help us. 不止一个人来帮助我们。7. none 做主语时,谓语动词可用单数, 也可用复数; 但在代表不可数的东西时总是看作单数,因而谓语动词要用单数. 如:None of us are （is） perfect. 人无完人。None of this worries me. 这事一点不使我着急。8. 名词如: trousers, scissors, clothes, goods, gla

14、sses 等作主语时, 谓语动词必须用复数. 如:His clothes are good. 但这些名词前若出现 a pair of , 谓语一般用单数.如:A pair of glasses is on the desk. 桌上有一副眼镜。9. 形复意单名词如:news ; 以ics 结尾的学科名称如: physics, mathematics, economics; 国名如: the United States; 报纸名如: the New Times; 书名如: Arabian Night ; 以及The United Nations 等作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。10. “a +名词+and a half “, “one and a half + 名词”, “the number of + 名词” 等作主语时, 谓语动词要用单数. 如:Only