高中英语必修4知识点讲解Word文档格式.docx

1、2. condition【课文原句】She helped improve prison conditions and gave prisoners work and education. （P1）【名师点拨】condition 意为“环境；境况；条件”时，是可数名词，常用复数形式conditions；意为“状态；状况”时，是不可数名词，be in good condition表示“处于良好的状态”，be out of condition表示“健康状况不佳”。We should pay more attention to the poor living under the bad conditi

2、ons.The astronauts soon got used to the condition of weightlessness.My car is old but in good condition.He is overweight and out of condition.【知识拓展】condition意为“条件”时，常用短语on condition that，表示“如果；在条件下”；在美国英语中，也经常用under the condition that。I will come on condition that Peter is invited.They agreed under

3、the condition that the matter be dealt with quickly.3. devote【课文原句】She devoted all her life to medical work for Chinese women and children. （P1）【名师点拨】devote vt. 意为“投入于；献身”，其宾语后常与介词to搭配，to后接名词、代词或动名词。devote to 意为“献身；致力于”，指把自己、时间、精力等奉献给某种工作或事业。He has devoted his whole life to benefiting mankind.The gi

4、rl, to whom he was devoted, died in a traffic accident by chance. After he has retired, he will devote himself to gardening.4. behave【课文原句】Jane has studied these animals for many years and helped people understand how much they behave like humans. （P2）【名师点拨】behave vi & vt. 意为“举动；举止；行为表现”，如behave wel

5、l / badly等。其名词形式为behaviour，指“行为；态度；举止”。The parents encouraged the children to behave well in front of the guests.My camera has been behaving well since it was repaired.Everyone praises the childrens good behaviour.5. worthwhile【课文原句】But the evening makes it all worthwhile. （P2）【名师点拨】worthwhile adj.意

6、为“值得做的；值得出力的”，可作表语或定语。be worthwhile to do / doing sth表示“值得做”，在动词-ing形式的结构中，worthwhile有时可以用来替代worth，特别是在表示“值得花时间”这一概念时。I think teaching school is always a worthwhile job.The book referred to by the professor is worthwhile / worth reading.6. observe【课文原句】Jane spent many years observing and recording t

7、heir daily activities. （P2）【名师点拨】observe vt. 意为“观察；观测；遵守”，可用observe sb do sth，observe + that从句。其名词形式为observation。I observed the man who murdered the boy enter the shop.He observed that we should probably have rain.Most information was collected by direct observation of the animals behaviour.7. argue

8、【课文原句】She has argued for them to be left in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements. （P2）【名师点拨】argue作动词时，意为“争论；争吵；争辩”。argue for意为“为辩护”；argue with sb about / over sth指“就某事和某人争论”；argue against意为“据理反对；争辩”。It is no use arguing for the plan because it has been rejected.We are always arg

9、uing with each other about money. Father argued fiercely against any increase in expenditure for the childrens annual party.【知识拓展】argue的名词形式为argument，意为“争论；争端；论证”，常构成短语settle an argument指“解决争端”。9. care for【课文原句】It was a small book explaining how to cut the death rate from having and caring for babie

10、s by following some rules for keeping babies clean and healthy. （P6）【名师点拨】care for可以表示look after的意思，意为“照顾；照料”，且较正式；也可表示“喜欢”的意思。His son cared for him when he was ill.In fact, I dont really care for basketball.另外，在上面的句子中，explain意为“解释，说明”，后可接名词、代词、从句或wh + to do作宾语，可用explain sth to sb或explain to sb sth。

11、Will you explain to us how we can finish the work as soon as possible?【知识拓展】care about意为“介意；在乎”，表示是否认为某事是重要的，某事是否引起了某人的兴趣或使其忧虑。最常用于疑问句或否定句中。about用在宾语前面，但是在连词前面一般省掉。I dont care about your opinion.I dont care whether it rains Im happy.10. intend【课文原句】I looked carefully at the text and realised that it

12、 was intended for women who lived in the countryside. （P6）【名师点拨】intend v. 意为“打算；计划；想要”。intend to do sth意为“想干某事”；intend后也可以接动词-ing形式或that从句。intend for表示“原打算给某人；准备让干”。I intended to come to your house last night but it rained. I intend coming / to come back soon. He hadnt really intended that they shou

13、ld be there. This gift is intended for you.热点语法主谓一致用法难点小结：一、集合名词作主语时的主谓一致。1. 集合名词有family, team, group, party, class, public, club, crew, crowd, enemy, audience, company, committee, government, population等，当被看作一个整体时，表示单数意义，谓语动词用单数形式；如果这些集合名词指其中的每个成员，表示复数意义，谓语动词则用复数形式。即谓语动词的单复数要与主语的含义相一致。My class is a

14、 big one, including thirty boys and thirty girls.My class are working hard for the coming exam.2. 有些集合名词作主语时，谓语只能用复数形式，如：people, the police, the military, mankind, cattle等。The police are searching for the lost child. 二、不定代词作主语时的主谓一致。不定代词anyone, anybody, anything, everyone, everybody, everything, someone, somebody, no one, nobody, nothing, each, the other等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 Everything goes well with me. Each of the students in our class has an English-Chinese dictionary.三、“名词名词”作主语时的主谓一致。 当表示同一人物或观点时，谓语动词用单数。A nov