高考英语 备考之名词性从句 精品Word格式文档下载.docx

1、They expressed the hope that they would come over to visit China again.他们表达了想再来中国的愿望。（同位语从句，作hope的同位语）引导名词性从句的关联词有以下三类：从属连词：that, whether, if, as if （用于表语从句）连接代词：who, what, which, whom, whose等连接副词：when, where, why, how以及由how组成的词组how many, how long, how far等 名词性从句的语序名词性从句的语序要用陈述句语序，而不要使用一般疑问句的语序如：Whe

2、ther he will be able to come remains a question.他是否能来还是个问题。The question is who will be the next speaker.问题是谁接着发言。He admitted that he was wrong.他承认错了。Can you tell me why a rocket can fly in outer space?你能告诉我为什么火箭能够飞入外层空间吗？I have no idea when he will be back.我不知道他什么时候回来。 主语从句主语从句的三种类型： 由连词that引导：That

3、China is a great socialist country is well known.中国是一个伟大的社会主义国家，这是众所周知的。That he will come back soon is certain. 他很快会回来是肯定的。由连词that引导的主语从句，在大多数情况下会放到句子的后面，而用代词it作形式主语。常见的以it作形式主语的主语从句句型有四种：It + be + 形容词 + that It + be + 名词词组 + thatIt + be + 过去分词+ thatIt + seems/happens/appears/doesnt matter/makes no

4、difference + thatIt is clear （形容词）that we badly need help.很明显，我们急需帮助。It is necessary（形容词） that you （should ） master the computer.你很有必要掌握电脑。（当形容词是necessary, important, strange等时，主语从句常用虚拟语气：（should） + 动词原形）It is no wonder （名词词组） that he looks pale.难怪他看起来脸色苍白。It is a pity （名词词组）that we cant go.我们不能去真是遗

5、憾。It is still unknown （过去分词）that who will win the match.还不知道谁会赢得这场比赛。It is said（过去分词） that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing.据说格林先生已到了北京。It happened that I had seen the film.碰巧我看过了那部电影。It seems that he is playing football.他似乎正在踢足球。 it 作形式主语代替主语从句时，要注意和as引导的定语从句的区别。It was reported that the US was unde

6、r the terrorist attack.据报道，美国遭到恐怖分子的袭击。（主语从句，有that, 无逗号）As was reported, the US was under the terrorist attack.（定语从句，无that, 有逗号） 由what（所的东西）、whatever（所的一切）、whoever（一切的人）等代词引导：What he wants to tell us is not clear.他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。Whoever is tired may rest.谁要是累了就可以休息。 Whatever was said here must be kept

7、 secret.这里所说的话都应保密。由连接代词或连接副词（或whether）引导：这类主语从句可以直接用在句首作主语，也可以放在句子后部去，前面用it作形式上的主语，这两种结构基本上可以换用，意思上没什么差别。When we shall have our sports meet is still a question.= It is a question when we shall have our sports meet.我们什么时间举行运动会还是个问题。Whether he will join us wont make too much difference.= It wont make

8、 too much difference whether he will join us.他是否加入到我们当中来没多大关系。 表语从句表语从句放在主句中的连系动词后面，引导表语从句所用的的关联词和引导主语从句所用的关联词相同。此外，连词as if也可以引导表语从句。That is where the red Army crossed the Yangtze River.这就是红军横渡长江的地方。This is exactly what I expected.这正是我希望的。It seems as if he would soon recover.他似乎快要恢复健康了。 宾语从句引导宾语从句的关

9、联词和引导主语从句的关联词相同。在使用宾语从句时应注意时态的呼应： 如果主句是祈使句或主句的谓语动词是现在时或将来时，宾语从句的谓语可根据句意的需要而用任何一种时态。Peter believes that his dream will come true some day.彼得相信有一天他的梦想会实现。（一般将来时）Please tell me what you think of the project. 请你谈谈你对这个工程的看法。（一般现在时）I will tell him that you have come .我要告诉他你来了。（现在完成时）I will tell him that y

10、ou came this morning.我要告诉他你是今天上午来的。（一般过去时） 如果主句中的谓语动词是过去时态，宾语从句中的谓语动词一般情况下要用过去时态的某种形式。 在叙述过去的事情时，如果从句中的谓语动词所表示的动作与主句的谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，从句要用一般过去时或过去进行时。He said that he was looking for Bill.他说正在找比尔。I asked whether he knew Japanese.我问他是否懂日语。 如果从句的谓语动词所表示的动作发生在主句的谓语动词所表示的动作之前，从句要用过去完成时。He told me that he h

11、ad watched the football match.他告诉我已看过了这场足球赛。 如果从句的谓语动词所表示的动作发生在主句的谓语动词所表示的动作之后，从句的谓语动词要用过去将来时。I knew that he would come a few days later.我知道过几天他要来。如果宾语从句中说的是客观真理，谓语动词总是用一般现在时，而不受主句中谓语动词时态的影响。I realized that practice makes perfect.我懂得了熟能生巧的道理。He said that the sun rises in the east.他说太阳从东方升起。连接代词/副词 +

12、 不定式，常用在某些动词后面（decide, know, wonder, ask, tell, show, find out, consider, teach, promise等）来代替宾语从句。The book explains how to solve the problem.=how we shall solve the problem.这本书解释如何解决这个问题。Well go to the zoo tomorrow. But I dont know when to start.=when we shall start.我们明天要去动物园，但是我不知道何时动身。 同位语从句能接同位语从句的名词有：fact, idea, news, information, order, belief, suggestion, advice, hope, doubt, reply, answer, saying等，用来引导同位语从句的词有that, whether, when, where等。The fact that water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen is undeniable.水是由氢和氧化合而成这一事实是无可否认的。He must answer the question wh