初三英语被动语态汇编Word格式文档下载.docx

1、如果主语是动作的执行者，谓语动词用主动语态。如果主语是动作的对象，谓语动词用被动语态。2. 主动语态与被动语态的转化：将主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语；将主动语态的谓语动词改为“be过去分词”结构；将主动语态的主语改为介词by之后的宾语，放在谓语动词之后（有时可省略）。例： We visited that factory last summer. 主动语态主语 谓语 宾语 状语That factory was visited by us last summer 被动语态 主语 谓语 宾语 状语3. 用法：被动语态常用于以下两种情况：（1）不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行

2、者；This cloth is made of cotton. （2）强调动作的承受者。Her bike is stolen . 知识点2：被动语态在各种时态下的构成时态结构例句一般现在时am/is/are +过去分词We are taught English by her.由她教我们英语。一般过去时was/were+过去分词A present was given to me by Mary.玛丽给了我一件礼物。一般将来时will/shall/be going to be+过去分词The desk will be mended by him.这张桌子将由他修理。现在进行时am/is/are +

3、being + 过去分词The walls are being painted now.正在粉刷墙壁。过去进行时was/were +being + 过去分词The talk was being given at this time yesterday.昨天这个时候正在作报告。现在完成时have/has been+过去分词The flowers have been watered.这些花已经被浇了。过去完成时had been+过去分词She said this lift had never been used.过去将来时would/should/be going to be+过去分词The fi

4、lm would be shown again sometime next week. 这部电影下周的某个时候又将上映。情态动词情态动词+be+过去分词（其时态及句型的变化仅由情态动词完成，be+过去分词部分不变）例1：Tables can be made of stone.桌子可由石头制造。例2：Tables could be made of stone at that time. 那时桌子可由石头制造。（一般过去时）例3：Can tables be made of stone? 桌子能用石头制造吗？（疑问句） 批注：这里可以跟学生一起回顾一下动词的原形、过去式和过去分词，避免混淆。【例题精

5、讲】单选题（2012福建福州） Our classroom_every day. So it is. Its our duty to keep it clean and tidy.A. cleans B. is cleaning C. is cleaned D. cleaning解析：答案C。our classroom做主语，很明显是“被打扫”，并且根据语境是一般现在时态，所以用一般现在时态的被动is cleaned。（2013陕西）The mobile phone has influenced peoples life a lot since it _.A. invents B. inven

6、ted C. is invented D. was invented 答案D。考查动词时态和语态。句意：自从手机发明后，它在很大程度上影响了人们的生活。根据句意判断用一般过去时，手机与动词invent在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。（2013江苏南京）It is said that an Asian Culture Village inside the AYG, Village in Nanjing in the coming Asian Youth Games period.A. builds B. is building C. will be built D. was bu

7、ilt考查动词的被动语态用法。an Asian Culture Village（亚洲文化村）与动作build构成被动关系，所以应使用被动语态，故排除A、B项；又据句中in the coming Asian Youth Games period可知为将来时间，所以选择答案C。例4：（2013内蒙古呼和浩特） People who _ to the party are very excited. A. have invited B. has been invited C. will invite D. have been invited 考查被动语态的用法。根据句意“已经被邀请去参加聚会的人非常激

8、动。”可以判断须用现在完成时的被动语态。B和C选项为主动语态，但是动词invite没有宾语，故排除；而B选项中，has和主语people不能搭配。所以选择答案D。 例5：（2013湖北黄冈）How often do I need to feed the dog? It _ food every day, or it will be hungry.A. must give B. must be give C. must be given D. must be gave 考查情态动词的被动语态。 它每天必须被喂食，应用被动语态，其构成是be+过去分词，故选C。例6： The new suspens

9、ion bridge _ by the end of last month.A. has been designedB. had been designed C. was designed D. would be designed答案B。根据“by the end of last month”，所以用过去完成时，又因为这座新桥是被设计的，所以综合来看，用过去完成时的被动语态。例7：用括号内动词的适当形式填空1.she _ （tell） the good news as soon as it arrived.2.A lot of work _（do） for the poor kids in t

10、he past few years.3.The book _ （write） by the young girl several years ago.4.All the tickets _（sell） out when we got to the cinema.5.A new building _（build） at our school now.6.I dont believe youve already finished reading the book which _（lend） to you this morning！1. 答案was told。首先根据“as soon as it a

11、rrived”，判断时态是一般过去时，而句意是“她被告知这个好消息”，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。2. 答案has been done。由时间状语可知需要用现在完成时态，句意是“大量工作已经被做”，所以用被动语态。3. 答案was written。“several years ago”，可判断时态为一般过去时，“书是由一个年轻女孩所写”，应用被动语态。4. 答案had been sold。“在他们到达电影院的时候，票已经卖完了”，这里“到达”已经是过去时，所以票卖完了是在到达之前发生的，所以用过去完成时的被动语态。 5. 答案is being built。由now可知需用现在进行时态，新桥是“

12、被建造”，所以用现在进行时态的被动语态。6. 答案 was lent。由this morning可知时态为一般过去时，而书“被借出”，用被动语态。例8：把下列句子改为被动句1. John drew a beautiful horse last week.2. The children will sing an English song.3. People use metal for making machines.4. He asked me to do that for him.5. They sold out the light green dresses. 答案：1. A beautif

13、ul horse was drawn by John last week. 2. A English song will be sung by the children. 3. Metal is used for making machines by people. 4. I was asked to do that for him. 5. The light green dresses were sold out by them.例9：用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。1.Its said that the long bridge_（build）in two months 2.Where to

14、 have the meeting _ （discuss）now 3.Which language _the most widely_（speak）in the world？4.The lost boy_（not find）so far 5.Last year a large number of trees_（cut）down 1.答案will be built。根据后面的in two months可判断时态为一般将来时，再根据主语是bridge，可知桥是被建造的，所以用一般将来时的被动语态。2.答案is being discussed。这里主语是疑问词引导的不定式做主语，谓语动词用三单形式， 再看最后的时间状语是now，所以用现在进行时的被动语态“is being discussed”。3. 答案is spoken。句意是“哪种语言在全世界最广泛的被说