2017初中英语定语从句详解Word文档格式.docx

1、（3）如果句中有两个定语从句，如果两个从句都可以用that引导，那么其中一个应改用which引导。【考例】Many young people love the songs _have great lyrics. 成都市A. who B. those C. which答案C。解析考查定语从句。定语从句的引导词有which，who，where，that，故排除B，who指人，又排除了A，先行词是物，故选C。二、考查以who，whom与whose引导的定语从句（1）如果先行词是指人的不定代词anyone，anybody，everyone，everybody，someone，somebody，nobo

2、dy，one，ones，those，all（指人）等作先行词，作主语用who，作宾语用whom。who而不用which。（2）在非限制性定语从句中，指人作主语用who，作宾语用whom，who。（3）在定语从句中，作定语的关系代词只能用whose，它相当于the+名词+of +whichwhom；非限制性定语从句中还有 “代词数词+of +whichwhom结构。【考例The man _ gave us a talk on science yesterday is a famous scientist. 广东省A. who B. whose C. which D. whom解析本题考查定语从句

3、的关系代词。先行词为the man，指人，排除which；连接代词在从句中作主语，排除 whose和whom。故本题选who。-Do you know the man _is running along the street?-Yes. He is our English teacher. 长沙市A. who B. which C. whom限制性定语从句，如果修饰人，一般用关系who，有时用 that（作主语时用who较多）。三、考查关系副词where、when与why引导的定语从句它们相当于“介词+which，其中where=inat +which；when=atinduring +whi

4、ch；why=for +which。（1）关系副词where引导定语从句时，只能在定语从句中作地点状语，其修饰的名词必须是表示地点的名词。（2）关系副词when引导定语从句时，只能在定语从句中作时间状语，其修饰的名词必须是表示时间的名词。（3）关系副词why引导定语从句时，只能在定语从句中作原因状语，其修饰的名词必须是表示原因的名词。【考例】 （2009绵阳中考）Disney is an amusement park you can find a11 the normal attractions and Disney movies and charactersAwhich Bwhere Cth

5、at D when答案：B点拨：此题考查定语从句。先行词为an amusement park指地点，故关系词用where。 五、对“介词+关系代词”的考查当关系代词作介词宾语，且该介词不是和从句的谓语动词构成固定短语时，介词可以提前，这样就出现“介词+关系代词”。先行词指物，用“介词+which”，指人则用“介词+whom，且两个关系代词均不能省略。介词的选择要遵循两个原则：根据定语从句中谓语动词与先行词的搭配内容而定；根据先行词的特殊用法而定。【考例】Do you know the young lady _your mother is talking? （湖北黄石）A. who B. who

6、m C. with whom D. which答案：C命题立意：本题考查“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句的用法。试题解析：先行词为the young lady，被关系代词whom代替在从句中作talk with 的宾语，介词with 可以放在关系代词之前，故应选C。【语法回顾】在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。定语从句所修饰的词叫做先行词。定语从句放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词叫做关系代词（that, which, who, whom, whose）或关系副词（when, where），关系代词和关系副词放在先行词与定语从句之间，起联系的作用，同时又作定语从句的一个成分。关系

7、代词、副词作用先行词例句that， who，whom（只做宾语）主语、宾语、表语人Do you know the girl whothat is standing under a tree?你知道站在树下的女孩是谁吗?that，which物、时间、地点、原因She got a computer whichthat her parents bought for her她有一台她的父母买给她的电脑。whose定语人物The boy whose father is a doctor studies very hard他的爸爸是医生的男孩学习非常刻苦。The classroom whose windo

8、w is open is mine窗户开着的那个教室是我的教室。when状语时间I still remember the day when you leave for Beijing我仍然记得你去北京的那一天。where地点This is the school where my mother works这就是我妈妈工作的学校。why原因Could you explain the reason why you were late?你能解释一下你迟到的原因吗?二、关系代词在定语从句中的用法（关系代词作宾语时可省略）：1that指人或物，在定语从句中可作主语或宾语。This is the pen t

9、hat you are looking for. 这是你要找的那支钢笔。（宾语）The girl that has long hair is my sister.留着长发的那个女孩是我妹妹。（主语）2which指物，在定语从句中可作主语或宾语。The bike which is made in Tianjin sells well.天津产的自行车销售很好。The fish which we bought were not fresh.我们买的鱼不新鲜。3who, whom指人，在定语从句中可作主语或宾语。The boy who broke the window is called Tom.打碎

10、窗户的男孩叫Tom. （主语）The person to whom he is talking is my father.正在和他谈话的那个人是我父亲。4whose指人或物，在定语从句中作定语。The girl whose bag is new is called Ann.新书包的那个女孩叫Ann。（指人）He lives in a house whose widows open to the south.他住在窗户朝南的那所房子。（指物）三、只用which不用that的情况：1在介词后只用which，不能用that。This is the bank in which the robbery

11、happened.这是那所发生抢劫案的银行。2先行词本身是that时，只能用which，不能用that。The clock is that which tells the time.钟表是用来报时的。四、只用that不用which的情况：1先行词被形容词最高级修饰时只能用that。This is the most beautiful mountain that I have seen. 这是我所见过的最美丽的山。2先行词被序数词修饰时只能用that。The first English novel that I read was Thirty-nine Steps.我读的第一本英文小说是39级台

12、阶。3. 先行词前有all, any, no, little, much, many, the only, the very, the last等修饰词时只能用that。Here are all the books that I have.这就是我所有的书。This is the only book that I like.这是我唯一喜欢的一本书。4先行词是everything, something, anything, all, none, much, little, many, few等不定代词时，只能用that。Finally, the thief handed in everything that he had stolen.最后小偷交出了他所偷的东西。5先行词同时含有“人”和“物”的名词时，只能用that。I can remember the people and some pictures that I saw in the room.我能记得我在房间里看到的人和一些图画。6先行词是the one时，只能用that。This is the one that you want.这就是你想要的。7在以who引导的疑问句后，为了避免重复，只能用that。Who is the girl that is standing there? 站在那边的那个女孩是谁？