PCMMI实践解析CMMI相关术语介绍PPT资料.ppt

1、it includes documentation and usage.For example,“Establish and maintain an organizational policy for planning and performing the organizational process focus process”means that not only must a policy be formulated,but it also must be documented,and it must be used throughout the organization.在CMMI产品

2、系列中，目标和实践中常见到“建立和维护（establish and maintain）”。这个字词所包括的意义，不仅是建立和维护，它还有书面化和用法的涵义。举例而言，“建立和维护组织级方针，以规划和执行组织的过程改进的过程”的意思，不仅是陈述这个方针，还必须文档化，并在整个组织中执行。,Discipline 学科,In the CMMI Product Suite,the bodies of knowledge available to you when selecting a CMMI model（e.g.,systems engineering）.The CMMI Product Team

3、 envisions that other bodies of knowledge will be integrated into the CMMI Framework in the future.在CMMI 产品系列中，“学科（discipline）”是指选择CMMI 模型时，可使用的知识体系（BOK,bodies of knowledge），如系统工程。CMMI 产品团队也计划将其它的学科集成到CMMI 架构中。,Project 项目,In the CMMI Product Suite,a managed set of interrelated resources which delive

4、rs one or more products to a customer or end user.A project has a definite beginning（i.e.,project startup）and typically operates according to a plan.Such a plan is frequently documented and specifies what is to be delivered or implemented,the resources and funds to be used,the work to be done,and a

5、schedule for doing the work.A project can be composed of projects.在CMMI产品系列中，“项目（project）”是一组受管理的相关资源，以便交付一项或多项产品给客户或最终用户。这组资源有明确的起始及终止日期，并按照计划执行。这个计划大多被文档化，并说明将交付和实现的产品、所使用的资源和资金、任务及工作进度表。一个项目也可以由多个项目组成。,Product 产品,In the CMMI Product Suite,a work product that is intended for delivery to a customer

6、 or end user.The form of a product can vary in different contexts.（See also“customer”,“product component”,“service”,and“work product”）在CMMI 产品系列中，“工作产品（work product）”是指过程结果的具体产出或服务，并预定交付给客户或最终用户。产品的形式在不同的环境中意义不同。,Work product 工作产品,In the CMMI Product Suite,a useful result of a process.This can inclu

7、de files,documents,products,parts of a product,services,process descriptions,specifications,and invoices.A key distinction between a work product and a product component is that a work product is not necessarily part of the product.在CMMI 产品系列中，“工作产品（work product）”是指过程所产生的有效成果。这些成果包括文件、文档、产品之一部分、服务、过

8、程、规格及声明。工作产品与产品组件的主要差异，在于工作产品不一定要经过工程化或属于最终产品之一部分。,Product component 产品组件,In the CMMI Product Suite,a work product that is a lower level component of the product.Product components are integrated to produce the product.There may be multiple levels of product components.（See also“product”and“work pro

9、duct.”）在CMMI产品系列中，“产品组件（product component）”是相对性的术语。产品组件通常指产品中较低层的组件，通过集成以构筑成产品。产品组件可能有许多层次，而且是必须经过工程化（定义需求、开发及实现设计）的工作产品，以达到整个生命周期所预定的使用目的。,课程概述,术语概述,和模型结构及模型描述相关的术语,和企业组织结构相关的术语,1,2,3,和企业人员相关的术语,4,和EPG工作相关的术语,5,Organization 组织,An administrative structure in which people collectively manage one or m

10、ore projects as a whole,and whose projects share a senior manager and operate under the same policies.However,the word organization as used throughout CMMI models can also apply to one person who performs a function in a small organization that might be performed by a group of people in a large orga

11、nization.基本上，“组织（organization）”是一个由成员共同管理一个或多个项目的行政管理体系。这些项目有共同的资深管理人员，并在相同的政策下执行。不 过在CMMI 模型中，“组织”也可以是只有一个人以执行某功能的小组织；如果在大组织中，这些功能可能由一组人执行。有关“组织单位（organizational unit）”的定义。,Enterprise 企业,The full composition of companies.Companies may consist of many organizations in many locations with different c

12、ustomers.（See also“organization.”）在CMMI 模型中，“企业集团（enterprise）”是指一个比“组织”更大的实体。公司可能由位于不同地点及拥有不同客户的多个组织所组成，“企业集团”就是由这些公司组成。例如Microsoft中国是个企业，MSN事业部或研发部门是个组织。,Organizational unit 组织单位,The part of an organization that is the subject of an appraisal.An organizational unit deploys one or more processes tha

13、t have a coherent process context and operates within a coherent set of business objectives.An organizational unit is typically part of a larger organization,although in a small organization,the organizational unit may be the whole organization.评估目标中组织的一部分。一个组织单位部署一套或多套过程一致的过程并且在一致的商业目标下进行执行。典型的组织单位

14、是一个大组织范围的部分，在小的组织范围下可能是整个组织。例如：OU是对日外包部门或者产品研发部门。,OSSP 组织标准过程,A collection of definitions of the processes that guide activities in an organization.These process descriptions cover the fundamental process elements（and their relationships to each other,such as ordering and interfaces）that must be incorporated into the defined processes that are implemented in projects across the organization.A standard process enables consistent development and maintenance activities acro