最新测绘遥感专业英语翻译Word文档下载推荐.docx

1、Remote sensing is the science （and to some extent, art） of acquiring information about the Earths surface without actually being in contact with it. This is done by sensing and recording reflected or emitted energy and processing, analyzing, and applying that information.1.1什么是遥感？那么，究竟什么是遥感？这篇教程的目的，

2、我们将使用下面的定义：“遥感科学（在某种程度上，艺术）获取地球表面信息，而不必接触它。这是通过检测和记录反映或发出能量和处理，进行分析，并应用的信息。”In much of remote sensing, the process involves an interaction between incident radiation and the targets of interest. This is exemplified by the use of imaging systems where the following seven elements are involved. Note,

3、however that remote sensing also involves the sensing of emitted energy and the use of non-imaging sensors.在许多遥感，过程包括入射辐射和感兴趣的目标之间的相互作用。这体现了在成像系统的使用下列七个因素有关。注意，然而，遥感还包括辐射能量的感知和非成像传感器的使用。1. Energy Source or Illumination （A） the first requirement for remote sensing is to have an energy source which il

4、luminates or provides electromagnetic energy to the target of interest.2. Radiation and the Atmosphere （B） as the energy travels from its source to the target, it will come in contact with and interact with the atmosphere it passes through. This interaction may take place a second time as the energy

5、 travels from the target to the sensor.3. Interaction with the Target （C） - once the energy makes its way to the target through the atmosphere, it interacts with the target depending on the properties of both the target and the radiation.4. Recording of Energy by the Sensor （D） - after the energy ha

6、s been scattered by, or emitted from the target, we require a sensor （remote - not in contact with the target） to collect and record the electromagnetic radiation.1。能源或照明（一）遥感的第一个需求是有一个能量源的说明或提供电磁能量感兴趣的目标。2。辐射和大气（B）作为能量从源头到目标的移动，它会接触到与它穿过大气相互作用。这种相互作用可以一次为能从目标到传感器的传播发生。3。与目标相互作用（C）-一旦能量使其通过空气到达目标，它与

7、目标依靠目标的辐射特性。4。通过传感器记录的能量（D）后能量被散射，或发出的目标，我们需要一个传感器（远程非接触目标）收集和记录的电磁辐射。5. Transmission, Reception, and Processing （E） - the energy recorded by the sensor has to be transmitted, often in electronic form, to a receiving and processing station where the data are processed into an image （hardcopy and/or

8、digital）.6. Interpretation and Analysis （F） - the processed image is interpreted, visually and/or digitally or electronically, to extract information about the target which was illuminated.7. Application （G） - the final element of the remote sensing process is achieved when we apply the information

9、we have been able to extract from the imagery about the target in order to better understand it, reveal some new information, or assist in solving a particular problem. These seven elements comprise the remote sensing process from beginning to end. We will be covering all of these in sequential orde

10、r throughout the five chapters of this tutorial, building upon the information learned as we go. Enjoy the journey!5。发送，接收，处理（E）-传感器记录的能量被传输，通常以电子形式，来接收和处理站，数据处理成图像（硬拷贝和/或数字）。6。解释和分析（F）-处理过的图像解释，视觉和/或数字或电子，提取目标进行照明的信息。7。应用（G）-遥感过程的最后一个要素是实现当我们应用我们已经能够提取为目标的图像更好地了解它的信息，揭示了一些新的信息，或协助解决特定的问题。这七个要素包括遥感过

11、程从开始到结束。我们将涵盖顺序，所有这些在本教程的五章，根据了解到的信息去。享受旅程！1.2 Electromagnetic RadiationAs was noted in the previous section, the first requirement for remote sensing is to have an energy source to illuminate the target （unless the sensed energy is being emitted by the target）. This energy is in the form of electro

12、magnetic radiation.All electromagnetic radiation has fundamental properties and behaves in predictable ways according to the basics of wave theory. Electromagnetic radiation consists of an electrical field（E） which varies in magnitude in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the radiat

13、ion is traveling, and a magnetic field （M） oriented at right angles to the electrical field. Both these fields travel at the speed of light （c）. Two characteristics of electromagnetic radiation are particularly important for understanding remote sensing. These are the wavelength and frequency.1.2电磁辐

14、射正如前一节中提到的，遥感的第一个需求是有一个能量源照射目标（除非感觉能量被目标发射）。这种能量是以电磁辐射的形式。所有电磁辐射的基本性质和行为在可预见的方式根据波浪理论的基础。电磁辐射是由一个电场（E），在垂直于其中的辐射传播方向的变化幅度，和磁场（M）面向电场成直角。这些领域以光的速度传播（C）。电磁辐射的特点是理解遥感尤为重要。这些都是波长和频率。The wavelength is the length of one wave cycle, which can be measured as the distance between successive wave crests. Wave

15、length is usually represented by the Greek letter lambda （）. Wavelength is measured in metres （m） or some factor of metres such as nanometres （nm, 10-9 metres）, micrometres （m, 10-6 metres） （m, 10-6 metres） or centimetres （cm, 10-2 metres）. Frequency refers to the number of cycles of a wave passing a fixed point per unit of time. Frequency is normally measured in hertz （Hz）, equivalent to one cycle per second, and various multiples of hertz.波长是一个波周期的长度，可以测量相邻波峰之间的距离。波长通常用希腊字母表示（）。波长是以米（m）或某些因素米如纳米（nm，10-9米），微米（m，10-6米）（m，10-6米或厘米（cm），10米）。频率是指一个波通过一个固定点的每单位时间的周期数。频率通常用赫