中考英语《动词及动词短语》专项复习训练附答案Word格式.docx

1、I saw the children play in the park yesterday.昨天我看见孩子们在公园玩。注意:用省略to的不定式或现在分词作宾补的动词有:have,see,watch,notice,hear等。（3）动词+间接宾语+直接宾语Please pass me the salt.请把盐递给我。常见的带双宾语的动词有:give,bring,buy,get,leave,lend,make,offer,pass,teach,tell等。2.不及物动词不及物动词自身意思完整,不用接宾语。Horses run fast.马跑得快。（1）有些动词既可作及物动词又可作不及物动词。We

2、study English.我们学习英语。（及物动词）We study hard.我们努力学习。（不及物动词）（2）有些不及物动词与一些别的词搭配在一起构成动词短语,它的作用相当于一个及物动词。动词+介词Listen to the teacher carefully.仔细听老师讲。此类动词短语后面的宾语无论是名词还是代词,都只能放在介词后面,不能放在动词和介词之间。动词+副词+介词Lets go on with our work!让我们继续我们的工作吧!He gets along well with his classmates.他与他的同学们相处得很好。这类动词短语后的宾语只能放在介词的后面

3、。3.延续性动词和非延续性动词（1）延续性动词表示动作是可以持续的,可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。如:live,study,work,keep,teach等。We have lived in Suzhou since 2001.自2001年以来,我们一直住在苏州。You can keep this book for two weeks.这本书你可以借两周。（2）非延续性动词表示瞬间动作,动作一旦发生立即结束,buy,lend,borrow,die,begin,stop,finish,arrive,join,go,come,catch等,非延续性动词不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。如果和表示一段时

4、间的状语连用,就要用其他的词代替。The old man has been dead for two years.那个老人已经去世两年了。（这里不能用has died）He arrived here five days ago.他五天前到这儿的。（二）系动词系动词本身有词义,但不能单独作谓语,必须和表语一起构成系表结构,说明主语的状态、性质、特征或身份。常见的系动词有:be,become,get,look,seem,turn,sound,smell,taste,feel,keep等。这些词没有被动语态。He is a strong man.他是一个强壮的人。Mr Wang seems very

5、 angry.王先生似乎很生气。This kind of cloth feels soft.这种布料摸起来很柔软。The flower smells sweet.这朵花闻起来很香。You must keep healthy.你必须保持健康。Her face turns red.她的脸红了。（三）助动词助动词本身无意义或意义不完整,不能单独作谓语。它必须和别的动词连用,帮助构成时态、语态、否定句和疑问句等结构。常用的助动词有be、have、has、had、do、does、did、will和shall等。1.助动词be（am,is,are,was,were）（1）助动词be+现在分词,构成进行时。

6、They asked me what I was doing all afternoon.他们问我整个下午在干什么。（2）助动词be+过去分词,构成被动语态。English is spoken in many countries.许多国家都讲英语。2.助动词have/has/had+过去分词形式,构成完成时。We have studied English for five years.我们学英语已经五年了。Have you seen Li Hua?你见到李华了吗?We have read English for an hour.我们读了一小时英语了。3.助动词do/does/did用于构成疑问

7、句和否定句,用于倒装句,加强说话的语气及代替前面刚出现的动词等。Do you live in China?你住在中国吗?Yes,I do.是的,我住在中国。He didnt play basketball yesterday.他昨天没有打篮球。Only then did I realize I was wrong.直到那时我才意识到我错了。4.助动词will和shall用于构成一般将来时。（shall主要用于第一人称,will可用于各种人称）There will be a football match this evening.今晚将有一场足球比赛。I shall be sixteen yea

8、rs old next birthday.到下个生日,我就十六岁了。He asked me when we would leave.他问我我们何时动身。（四）情态动词有一定的词义,本身并不表示动作或状态,而仅仅表示说话人的态度。它在句中需和主要动词一起构成谓语。中考试练1. Dont _ any more time, or we will miss the meeting.A. save B. trust C. waste D. love【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：不要_任何更多的时间，否则我们将会错过会议。save节省；trust信任；waste浪费；love热爱。根据后面的“

9、否则我们将会错过会议”可知此处是指“浪费”，故选C。2. My parents said they would come to visit me. I couldnt _ to see them after being away from home for several months.A. wait B. help C. expect D. afford【答案】A我的父母说他们要来看我。离开家几个月之后我_见到他们。wait等待；help帮助；expect期望；afford负担得起。根据语境可知此处指迫不及待见到他们，cant wait to do sth.意为“迫不及待做某事”，为固定搭配

10、。故选A。3. In our life, we need to _ those people who help us, such as our parents, teachers and friends.A. thank B. remind C. teach D. look在我们的生活当中，我们需要_那些帮助我们的人，例如我们的父母、老师和朋友。thank感谢；remind提醒；teach教;look看。根据常识可知要感谢那些帮助过我们的人。4. Come home before dinner time, Peter! I _, Mom.A. promise B. guess C. wish

11、D. admire句意“晚饭前回家，皮特！”“我_，妈妈。”promise保证：guess猜测：wish希望：admire赞赏。结合语境可知是答应妈妈的要求，故选A。5. Tom and Jerry is very funny. I cant help _ when I watch it.A. singing B. laughingC. sleeping D. talking【答案】B汤姆和杰里（猫和老鼠）非常有趣。当我看它的时候，我忍不住_。singing唱歌：laughing大笑；sleeping睡觉；talking谈论。根据funny并结合常识可知猫和老鼠是一部非常有趣的动画片，常常使人

12、大笑不已。故选B6. Ive no idea where to go next month.Why not _ visiting Beijing? There are so many places of interest there.A. suggest B. wonder C. consider D. regard句意“我不知道下个月去哪里。”“为什么不_参观北京呢？那里有很多名胜古迹。”suggest建议；wonder想知道，好奇；consider考虑；regard认为。consider doing sth.“考虑做某事”符合语境，故选C。7. Dont _ the chance when

13、 you can catch it, or you will regret. A. guess B. miss C. remember D. allow能抓住机会的时候不要_，否则你会后悔的。guess猜测；miss错过；remember记得；allow允许。分析句意可知此处指，只要能抓住机会就不要错过，故选B。8. When will Mr.Green _ Beijing? In a week.A. reach B. get C. arrive D. come【解析】考查近义动词词义辨析。句意“格林先生什么时候_北京？”“一周后。”四个选项均有到达之意，reach及物动词，后面直接跟宾语；g

14、et不及物动词，get to+地点；arrive不及物动词，arrive in+大地方，arrive at+小地方;come不及物动词，come to+地点。9. How long can I _ this book?For five days. But you must return it on time.A. borrow B. lend C. keep D. take句意“我可以_这本书多久？”“五天。但你必须要按时还书。”根据“How long”可知空处需填延续性动词。四个选项中只有keep是延续性动词，其它均为短暂性动词。故选C。10. The air _ fresh after the rain, and th