名词性从句课件PPT资料.ppt

1、,名词在句中主要作主语、宾语、表语和同位语。,The boy is li Ming.,主语,表语,Mr.Liang,a 24-year-old boy,teaches us English.,主语,同位语,宾语,在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的主语、宾语、表语和同位语，由一个句子来充当,这个句子就叫名词性从句。,什么是名词性从句?,名词性从句,主语从句（The Subject Clause）,宾语从句（The Object Clause）,表语从句（The Predicative Clause）,同位语从句（The Appositive Clause）,名词性从句,主语从句,宾语从句,表

2、语从句,同位语从句,主语从句在句中做-宾语从句在句中做-表语从句在句中做-同位语从句在句中-,主语,宾语,表语,同位语,1.That he will come is certain.,2.I know that he will come.,3.The truth is that I have been there.,4.The fact that she was late surprised us.,为什么叫名词性从句？_,整个从句相当于一个名词,比较:,The man looked around.That the boy failed again in the exam disappoint

3、ed his mother.,同样作主语，从句可以表示较复杂的含义,一般是个动作或性质,I know him.I know that he is writing his composition in his room,2.为什么要有名词性从句？,那人看了看四周.（名词作主语）,那孩子考试又不及格令他母亲很失望.（从句作主语）,我知道他在房间里写作文.,从句的特征:,是一个句子,有一个引导词,引导词做从句的一个成分（that 除外）,名词能做的成分,从句都能做,从句表达的意思比名词复杂得多,请判断出下列的句子属于哪种从句,What I want to do is taking a bath.Th

4、e news that they won the game spread the whole school.I dont think he is an honest boy.The fact is that he stole the car.Do you know the fact that he stole the car?Do you know the man who is standing over there?It is said that they won the game.,（主从）,（同位语从句）,（宾从）,（表从）,（同位语从句）,（定从）,（主从）,主语从句,that whe

5、ther who whom whose what which when where why how,从 句引导词:,1.That he knows Japanese is known to all.,他懂英语,这一点大家都知道,令我惊讶的是在这儿见到他.,3.When he will come is unknown.,4.Whether he is coming doesnt matter much.,他来不来没什么要紧的,他什么时候来不清楚.,他们是怎么登上山顶的仍是个秘密.,5.It remains a secret how they climbed up the mountain.,主语

6、从句的位置 1.在句首 2.主语较长时通常放在后面,句首主语用 It,主语太长了!放到句尾,Details,Details,Details,Details,That无词义,不可省略,What“什么”,“所.的”,2.What surprised me was to see him here.,When“什么时候”,主语从句不用 if,位于句首,主语从句,主语从句在复合句中做句子的主语。,1.That most of these are now threatened and may disappear is a serious matter to the people in Britain.,2

7、.Why he failed the exam wasnt clear.,4.It is a pity that she cannot come.,3.Whether he has failed the exam wasnt clear.,2）主语从句的连接词,1.连词that（无词义,不作成分,不能省略,只起连接作用）;whether（是否）,不作成分,不用if.That he will come and help us is certain.Whether we will succeed is still a question.,注意:已确定的事由that引导;没决定的事由whether引

8、导.,他星期三来这里是肯定的。,That he will come here on Wednesday is certain.,注意：从句作主语时，就算是句子意思完整，都要加上从属连词that,他星期三是否来这里还不肯定的。,Whether he will come here on Wednesday is not certain.,注意：that 引导的主语从句放在句首很少，只是为了强调或谓语较长时才这样,3.连接副词when（ever）,where（ever）,how（ever）,why,how long,how often,how soon,how far,how many/much 等

9、.,When the test will be given is not yet decided.How much we can spend must be agreed on.,2.连接代词what,whatever,who,whoever,which,whichever,whose等.在从句做主语/宾语/表语,What you said is perfectly true.（宾语）Whoever comes will be welcome.谁来都欢迎,连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分。在主语从句中作主语、宾语、表语、状语这些连接词不能省略；

10、,注意,What caused the accident is a complete mystery.（主）Whatever she said was right.（宾语）Who will win the match is still unknown.谁能赢得这场比赛还不得而知。Whoever comes to the party will receive a present.（主语）,When hell be back depends much on the weather.Where the English evening will be held has not yet been ann

11、ounced.（状语）英语晚会将在哪里举行，还没有宣布。Why he failed the exam wasnt clear.（状语）How the book will sell depends on its author.（状语）,3）注意事项：,为了使句子结构平衡，避免头重脚轻，主语从句常用“it”作形式主语，把真正的主语放在后面。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用句型如下：,It is known to us that he will come here.,（1）It+be+形容词+主语从句（2）It+be+名词+主语从句（3）It+不及物动词+主语 从句（4）It+及物 动词的被

12、动语态+主语从句,常用句型如下：,It+be+形容词 主语从句,It is necessary/important that.是有必要/重要的It is obvious/clear that 很明显It is certain/true that 是肯定的It is true that 是事实It is strange that 很奇怪It is natural that 是很自然的,It+be+名词 主语从句,It is a pity/a shame 真遗憾It is a surprise.令人惊奇的是It is a fact 事实是It is an honor 是我的荣幸 It is a w

13、onder 是奇迹,It+不及物动词 that从句,It appears/seems that 似乎/看起来It happens that.碰巧It occurred to me that 我突然想起It doesnt matter whether,It+be+-ed分词 主语从句,It is believed/thought that 人们相信It is well known to us/all that.众所周知It has been decided that 已经决定It is said/reported that 据听说/据报道Eg:It is known to us how he b

14、ecame a writer.我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。,It+及物动词（被动语态）+主语从句,It is a pity that we cant go.It is certain that she will do well in her exam.It is said that Mr.Green has arrived in Beijing.It depends on the climate whether they are going shopping today.,2.在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气“（should）+do”，常用的

15、句型有：,It is necessary（important,natural,strange,etc.）that It is suggested（requested,proposed,desired,etc.）that,主语从句中的虚拟语气,It is suggested,ordered,proposed,required,demanded,requested,insisted+that（should）do It is important,necessary,natural,desirable,strange,advisable,impossible+that（should）do It is

16、a pity,a shame,no wonder（难怪）+that（should）do,what 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语,宾语,表语，而that 则不然。例如：1）_you said yesterday is right.2）_she is still alive is a good thing.,It is right what you said yesterday.,It is a good thing that she is still alive.,What,That,3.what 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别,用 it 句型翻译:,据说今年高一学生要学新教材.事实是他们靠自己完成了所有的任务.碰巧他们已经参加过军训了.众所周知,比尔 盖茨是世界上最富有的人.我们应该养成好的学习习惯这很重要.,It is said that the Senior Grade one students will learn