八年级英语下册 Unit 4 A good read词汇与语法基础训练 新版牛津版Word文档格式.docx

1、until conj. 直到.为止finger n. 手指tiny adj. 极小的continue vt. &vi. 继续either adv.（否定句中）也manage vt.&vi.设法完成；管理lift vt. 举起，抬高；提高army n.大批，大群must modal v.应该，必须；一定unable adj. 不能的,不会的shoulder n. 肩膀hand vi.交；递，给review n.评论return vt.归还renew vt.续借；更新；重新开始series n.一系列；系列节目publish vt. 出版Canadian adj.加拿大（人）的online adv

2、.在线，联网sail vt.&vi.航行hidden adj. 隐藏的confidence n. 信心experience n. 经历, 经验advice n.建议，忠告，劝告librarian n. 图书管理员habit n. 习惯classical adj. 古典的opposite prep. 在.对面；与.相反二、重点词汇1. knowledge noun /nl.d/1）. understanding of or information about a subject that you get by experience or study, either known by one pe

3、rson or by people generally知识；学问；学识；了解；理解例句： He has a limited knowledge of French. 他对法语所知有限。2）. the state of knowing about or being familiar with something知道；熟悉（某事） They both deny all knowledge of the affair. 政府完全否认知道此事。2. against preposition /enst/1）. disagreeing with a plan or activity反对；与相反 She s

4、old the house even though it was against his wishes. 她卖掉了房子，尽管这违背了他的愿望。2）. next to and touching or being supported by （something）紧贴着；紧靠着；倚在 Why dont we put the bed against the wall? 为什么不把床紧靠墙放呢？3）. in front of or compared to以为背景；以作衬托；和对照Paintings look best against a simple white wall. 画挂在没有任何装饰的白墙上看

5、上去效果最好。4）. in the opposite direction to逆的方向；迎着The last part of the course was hard because I was running against the wind. 最后一段赛程很艰难，因为我是顶风跑。3. unable adjective /ne.bl/be unable to do sth不能做，无法做We were unable to contact him at the time. 我们当时无法和他取得联系。4. advice noun /dvas/an opinion that someone offer

6、s you about what you should do or how you should act in a particular situation意见；忠告；劝告Steven gave me some good advice. 史蒂文给了我一些好建议。5. continue verb /kntn.ju/1）. to keep happening, existing, or doing something, or to cause something or someone to do this（使）继续，（使）持续，（使）延续Do you intend to continue （wit

7、h） your studies? 你打算继续你的学业吗？2）. to start to do something again after a pause（中断后）再继续，又开始 After stopping for a quick drink, they continued on their way. 停下来迅速喝了点水后，他们又继续赶路。三、必背短语fall over 摔倒 hand in 上交, 递交and so on 等等 on time 准时so far 到目前为止 at a time 每次，依次tired out 筋疲力尽 open up 开启；开创；开辟do with 处理 man

8、age to do sth 设法做成某事四、经典句型1. Have you decided what to do with these books, Hobo?霍波，你已经决定好怎么处理这些书了吗？2. I have to use them to reach the box on the fridge.我不得不用他们去够冰箱上的盒子。3. Sandy is wondering where to ask for help.桑迪正在考虑去哪里寻求帮助。4. You must not smoke in the library.图书馆里不允许抽烟。5. I enjoy reading the book

9、s of Robert Louis Stevenson because I find them really exciting.我喜欢读罗伯特路易斯史蒂文森的书，因为我觉得它们很有趣。三点剖析一、考点1. 疑问词+动词不定式的用法1）.疑问词不定式结构中的疑问词，包括疑问代词who, what, which和疑问副词how, when, where等.这些疑问词和不定式一起构成了不定式短语,这种结构可在句子中作主语、宾语、表语等.例句：How to do it is a question. 该怎样做倒是一个问题。（作主语）I really dont know what to write abo

10、ut. 我实在不知道该写些什么。（作动词宾语）We must first solve the problem of whom to serve. 我们必须首先解决为谁服务的问题。（作介词宾语）The question is where to put it. 问题是该把它放在哪儿才好。（作表语）I asked him how to learn English.我问他如何学习英语。（作宾语补足语）2）. 疑问词不定式结构相当于一个名词性从句，常常可用同等成分的从句代替。改写时只需在疑问词后加一适当主语，并将不定式改成适当形式的谓语。上述例句可以分别改写成：How we should do it i

11、s a question.t know what I should write about.We must first solve the problem of whom we should serve.The question is where we should put it.I asked him how we should learn English.3）.疑问词不定式结构经常放在tell, show, teach, learn, know, wonder, discuss, remember, forget, find out等动词（词组）之后作宾语。The teacher told

12、 the students how to do the experiment.老师教学生如何做实验。（句中 told含有taught的意思）The young woman doesnt know what to do.那位年轻女子不知道怎么办。（句中what不能改换成how）He tells me how to answer all the questions in English.他告诉我怎样用英语回答所有的问题。（句中的how不能省去）另外，这种结构可以构成独立问句。What to do? 怎么办?How to get rid of the trouble? 如何摆脱困境?2. must和

13、have to的用法区别1）. 强调重点不同两者都表示必须，但must 侧重于说话者的主观看法,认为有必要或有义务去做某事；have to 则重于客观需要,含有不得不或被迫之意。We must go at once. 我们必须马上就走.If I buy that car, I have to borrow some money. 如果我要买那辆汽车,我得借些钱.2）. 时态形式不同must 只有现在时一种形式（在宾语从句中可以表示过去），而 have to 则有多种时态形式。She said that she must go with me. 她说她一定要同我一起去.They have had

14、 to buy a car. 他们不得不买了辆小汽车.3）. 非谓语形式不同have to 可以有分词、动名词、不定式等形式，而 must 则没有这些形式。He only saw her in the evening, having to be away all day. 他整天得外出,只能晚上见她.I regret to have to trouble you again. 我很抱歉不得不再麻烦你一次.4）. 否定式的意义不同must 的否定式 mustnt 意为一定不要、不允许；而 have to 的否定式 dont have to 意为不必（=neednt）。You mustnt tell him about it. 你一定不要告诉他这件事.（可能是秘密）You dont have to tell him about it. 你不必告诉他这件事.（他