1、Whatever we do is to serve the people. 我们无论做什么都是为人民服务。固定用法和译法(1) It is +名词+从句 It is a fact that 事实是 It is good news that 是好消息 It is a question that 是个问题 It is common knowledge that 是常识 类似的名词还有:a pity;a wonder;a good thing; no wonder; surprise等。It is a mystery to me how it all happened. 这一切是怎么发生的是个谜。
2、It is common knowledge that the whale is not a fish. 鲸鱼不是鱼,这是常识。It is no surprise that Bob should have won the game. 鲍勃会赢得这场比赛,这不足为奇。(2) It is +形容词+从句 It is necessary that 有必要 It is clear that 很清楚 It is likely that 很可能 It is important that 重要的是 类似的形容词还有:strange; natural; obvious; true; good; wonderf
3、ul; possible; unlikely; quite; unusual; certain; evident; worth-while; surprising; interesting; astonishing, etc. It is obvious that conductors and insulators are both important in industry. 很明显导体和绝缘体在工业中都很重要。It is doubtful whether she will be able to come. 她是否能来令人怀疑。It is essential that he should b
4、e here by the weekend . 周末之前,他应该到这里是必要的。It seems obvious that we can not go on like this. 很明显我们不能这样下去了。(3) It is +过去分词+从句 It is said that 据说 It is reported that 据报道 It has been proved that 已证明 It must be proved that 必须指出 类似的过去分词还有:known; estimated; expected; believed; thought; hoped; noted; discusse
5、d; required; decided; suggested; demanded; made clear; found out,etc. It is thought that he is the best player. 大家都认为他是最好的选手。It is used to be thought that a new star must be due to a collision between two stars. 过去一直认为新星是由于两颗星星之间碰撞产生的。It has not been made clear when the new road is to be opened to t
6、raffic. 还没弄清楚这条路将开始通车(4) It +不及物动词+从句 It seems that 好像是 It happened that 碰巧 It follows that 由此可见 It has turned out that 结果是类似的不及物动词还有:seem, appear, occur, follow, happen, turn out, etc. It turned out that nobody remembered the address. 结果是无人记得那个地址。It now appears that they are in urgent need of help.
7、 看起来他们急需帮助。It does not matter if I missed my train, because there is another later. 没有赶上这趟火车没有关系,稍晚还有一趟。(当“及物动词 + 宾语”较短时,也可用这种结构。)例如:It shocked me that Peter did not tell anybody where he was. 让我吃惊的是彼得没有告诉任何人他在哪里。It does not interest me whether you go or not. 我对你去不去不感兴趣。It +某些固定结构+ 主语从句。It doesnt ma
8、ke too much difference (It doesnt make any difference / It doesnt alter the situation),whether it rains or not . 下不下雨都没有多大关系。It does not make any difference whether it rains or not . 下不下雨没什么分别。It does not make the least difference to me what you do. 对我来说你做什么都无关紧要。Is it of much consequence to you tha
9、t Mr. Wang has failed to do it ? 王先生没有做成这件事对你有什么重要影响吗?3. 连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which,连接副词when, where, why, how, 它们起连接作用,作句子成分,各有自己的意义。表二:宾语从句一、宾语从句的连接词1. 连词that,只起连接作用,在从句中不作句子成分,也无词汇意义,在口语中常被省略。eg. He knew (that) he should work hard.2. 连词if 、whether,它们起连接作用,在从句中不作句子成分,作“是否”解,在口语中多用if。一般情况下,if
10、 和whether可以互换,但以下3种情况只能用whether:a.在不定式前:Whether to go there or not hasnt been decided.b.在介词前:It depends on(依靠) whether it is going to rain.c.与or not连用:They are talking about whether to go there or not.eg. Tom dont know if/whether his grandpa liked the present. He asked me whether or not I was coming
11、.二、宾语从句的语序陈述语序,即“连接词+主语+谓语+其它成分”特别强调:它的主语和谓语的语序是陈述语序,而不是疑问句的倒装结构。Can you tell me who do we have to see?()Can you tell me who we have to see?( )The teacher asked the students what they were doing. ( )陈述句变为宾语从句时,要注意人称和时态的变化,语序不变。eg. She said, “I will leave a message on the desk.” She said she would le
12、ave a message on the desk.一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句时,也要注意人称和时态的变化,后面接陈述语序。Eg. “Where are the tickets?” I asked him. I asked him where the tickets are.三、时态呼应。如果主句谓语是一般现在时或将来时,从句谓语的时态不受限制;如果主句谓语的时态是一般过去时,从句一般要随着改为相应的过去时态(一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时)eg. I thought (that) you are free today. ()I thought (that) you w
13、ould be free today. ( )【注意】当宾语从句叙述的是客观真理时,不管主句谓语的时态如何,从句都用一般现在时。eg. The teacher told us (that) the earth moves around the sun.四、注意宾语从句的语气1. 宾语从句一般用陈述语气,但是,当主句的谓语动词为advise, insist(坚决主张), suggest(建议), require, request, order, ask(要求)等表示请求、命令、要求、主张意义的动词时,从句谓语要用虚拟语气,即用“should+动词原形”(should往往可以省略)。she insisted that he (should) go there with her. 她坚决要求他跟她一起去那儿。Th
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