新目标英语八年级代词讲解Word文档格式.docx

1、hehimsheheritthey them人称代词有主格和宾语之分：主格用作主语 单数 复数I like music（主语）. We like music.You are so smart.（主语） You are so smart. She is a teacher. （主语） They are students. He is outgoing. （主语）. It is a cat.宾格在句子作动词的宾语，或者介词的宾语。I saw him at the party（动词see的宾语）.I havent seen them recently. （动词see的宾语）I bought a bo

2、ok for them.（作介词for的宾语）补充：在口语中，人称代词的主格形式作表语时，常常可以用宾格替换。-Is this Mr. Green?-Yes, this is he/him.在口语中，当人称代词用于than, as 之后或用于强调句中被强调时，用主格 （较正式） 和宾格 （较口语化） 均可以。You know more than she/her.She is as tall as me （me=I am）. 单独使用的人称代词通常用宾格，即使它充当的是主语也是如此。如：I like English. Me too=I like English too.我喜欢英语。我也喜欢。-W

3、ho did it? -Them.（=They did it）牛刀小试判断正误1.（ ）He and you should go to the library to return the books.解析：正确答案 You and he should go to the library to return the books.这主要是英语习惯上的用法。当两个以上的人称代词并列时其排列顺序一般为you, he, she, I,而复数时为we, you, they:如男女并列时，应先男后女，如：He and she 如果在表示不好意思，承担责任时，单数时用，I, he, she, you, 复数时

4、用They, you, we, 如：Tom and I are good friends.You, he and I must go to play the game for our team this afternoon.We, you and they have been there before.I, he and you have to pay for it.2.（ ）New York is much colder in winter than before.正确答案It is much colder in New York in winter than before.it常常用在英文

5、的句子中来代表时间、距离、天气、自然现象，或用在句中作形式主语或宾语，如：It is ten oclock now. （代时间）It is far from here to the airport. （代距离）It is very hot.（代天气）It is very difficult to learn English well. （作形式主语）We found it very difficult to answer the question. （作形式宾语）2. 物主代词物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。形容词性物主代词在句中只用作定语，相当于一个形容词，不能单独使用；名词性物

6、主代词则不能用作定语，相当于一个名词词组，可以单独使用，在句中用作主语、宾语、表语、和介词of连用。 Here is my dog. Its name is Tom.（形容词性物主代词its作name的定语） My sister lost her bicycle. （形容词性物主代词her作bicycle的定语） Is that coffee yours or hers? （名词性物主代词）单复数形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词mymineourourselvesyouryourselfyourselveshishersitsthemselves（ ）Toms mother is taller

7、than my.正确答案Toms mother is taller than mine. 形容词性物主代词可以作定语，也就是讲它可以作形容词，如：my book，而这句话的意思是：汤姆的妈妈比我的妈妈高。比较的对象是my mother,也就是mine。3. 反身代词 如人称代词一致，反身代词的人称和数以及性要和它所指代的名词或代词一致。反身代词可用作宾语、同位语、表语等。用作同位语时，主要用于加强被修饰词的语气，可紧放在被修饰名词后或句末。He himself was a doctor. （同位语） =He was a doctor himself.判断正误：1.（ ）Myself did i

8、t yesterday.正确答案I myself did it yesterday. I did it myself yesterday. 反身代词不可作主语，但可以用作主语的同位语。再如：She is too young to look after herself. （宾语）I dont blame you, I blame myself（宾语）.He cut himself when he was cooking. （宾语）That poor boy was myself.（表语）那个可怜的孩子就是我自己。补充反身代词用于 be, feel, seem, look 等后作表语表示身体或精神

9、所处的状态。Ill be myself again in no time. 我一会儿就会好的。He doesnt feel himself today.他今天感觉身体不舒服m not quite myself these days. 我近来身体不大舒服。反身代词不能作介词宾语，除非是由不及物动词与介词组成的动词短语Please bring your daughter with you.反身代词不能作介词宾语，除非是由不及物动词与介词组成的动词短语，如： The old woman spoke to herself.Make yourself home. 这是英语中的习惯用法，意为“像在家里一样

10、”。这样的用法还有：enjoy oneself 玩得开心make yourself at home 像在家中一样help yourself to something 自己拿某物lost oneself 迷路seat oneself 就坐dress oneself 穿衣Take care of yourselves .（yourself） 祈始句的主语应看作第二人称you.反身代词 I myselfoursyourshimselfherselfitselftheytheirtheirs4. 指示代词指示代词分单数（this / that）和复数（these / those）两种形式它们在句中可作

11、主语、宾语、表语、定语等。例子this/thatthese/thoseThis is my book.（主语）I want that.（宾语）My book is that.（表语）为避免重复，可用 that 和 those 代替前面提到的名词。The playground of this school is bigger than that of that school. （That=the playground）My seat is next to that of the mayor.（that=mayors seat） 用来回指上文提到的事情时，可用this 或 that，但是若要指下文

12、叙述的事情，通常要用 this。-She is a beautiful girl.-Who said that? I want to know this: Is she beautiful? 我想知道这一点：她美吗?在打电话时，通常用 this 指自己，用that指对方：Hello. This is Jim. Is that John? 喂，我是吉姆，你是约翰吗?除用作代词外，this 和that 还可用作副词，用以修饰形容词或副词，意为这么那么，相当于 so。ve done only that much. 我所做的就这么多。Is he always this busy? 他总这么忙吗?指示代

13、词this, that 和these在作主语时可指物也可指人，但作其他句子成分时只能指物，不能指人。而those作宾语后接定语从句时可以指人。而且只有that、those后面可以跟定语从句。That is my teacher.那是我的老师。（that作主语，指人）He is going to marry this girl.他要和这个姑娘结婚。（this作限定词）He is going to marry this.（this作宾语时不能指人）I bought this.我买这个。（this指物，可作宾语）He admired those who looked beautiful. 他赞赏那些外表漂亮的人。（those指人）He admired that who danced well.（that作宾语时不能指人）He admired that which looked beautiful.他赞赏外表漂亮的东西。5. 不定代词 10个知识点不定代词是不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词。英语中不定代词有：some（som