1、f in the word football. 正 There is an 析 英文字母单独使用时,如其第一个发音是元音时,其前面的不定冠词应该用an而不是a. 误 I have a little brother. He is a 8 year old boy. 正 I have a little brother. He is an 8 year old boy. 析 要注意这些字母的第一个发音为元音,如eight, eleven等。able 误 This bike is able to be repaired. 正 This bike can be repaired. 析 be able t
2、o 主要表达某事或某人具有某种能力去作某事,应译为有本领、有能力可以作某事,如:Im able to swim across this river. 而can可以用来表示具有接受能力或吸收能力。如:This radio can be repaired here. about 误 This class is about to begin just now. 正 This class is about to begin. 析 要注意be about to 是将要的意思,含有将来时之意,不要与表示过去时的时间状语连用。另外,be about to 一般用作书面语,对应的口语是be going to.
3、about on about与on都可以作关于讲,但却有所不同,例如:This book is about physics. 应译为这是一本关于物理学的科普读物。而:This book is on physics.则应译为这是一本物理学方面的专著。above 误 The temperature is five degrees over zero. 正 The temperature is five degrees above zero. 析 表达在上方时,above与over是可以互换的,如:The sky is above(or over)our heads. 但是要表达在垂直方向上的上方时
4、则应用above不可用over,如:The sun has risen above the horizon. 误 There is often thick cloud above the South of China in summer. 正 There is often thick cloud over the South of China in summer. 析 当表达覆盖之意时,只可用over而不能用above. 误 There is a bridge above the river. 正 There is a bridge over the river. 析 用来表达从上方越过时不能
5、用above只能用over,如:The plane flew over the city. 但要注意There is waterfall above the bridge. 则应译为在桥的上游有一个瀑布。across 误 He ran across the wood. 正 He ran through the wood. 析 across是指某一动作在一平面内进行,而through则是指该动作在一三维立体空间的运动过程。The man came in through the window. He walked across the square.across的主要用法有两个。其一,意为对面,如
6、:There is a school just across the street. 其二,意为横过He walked across the street. afraid 误 I dontt afraid of him. 正 I am not afraid of him. 析 要注意害怕afraid一词在英语中不是动词,而是形容词,要与be动词连用。after 误 Two weeks after he left. 正 Two weeks later he left. 正 He left after two weeks. 析 要表达在多少时间之后,英语中有两种表达法,即:用later时,要时间在
7、前,如three hours later; 而用after时要时间在后,如after three hours. 误 My father will be back after a few hours. 正 My father will be back in a few hours. 析 受中文的影响,这个介词常常被误用。当你要表达在一段时间内某个动作可以完成时,一定要用in,而不能用after,因为after是指在某一时间之后。例如:This work will be done in two days. 即表明在两天内这一工作一定会做完。而如用了after,即表示在两天之后,完成的时间是不确定的
8、。after behind after多用于表示顺序的前后,如:She walked in the line after Tom. 或用来表示追赶,表示一种动态,如:He ran after Mary. 而behind多用于强调先进与落后,如:She is much behind the other girls in sewing. 或者用于表达迟于The train was ten minutes behind the time table. 或者与表示静态的动词连用,如:She hid herself behind the flowers. afternoon 误 He worked ve
9、ry hard in a hot afternoon. 正 He worked very hard on a hot afternoon. 析 习惯用的词组in the afternoon, 如果加入任何修饰词后其前面的介词in都要改为on,不论其修饰词在前还是在后,如:He swam in this river on the afternoon of June lst. 又如:Are you free on Sunday afternoon?against 误 He against me. 正 He is against me. 析 要注意against意为反对,但它在英文中却不是动词,而是
10、介词,如要讲反对某事或某人时则要加动词be, 如:He is against somebody/something. against for against意为不赞成;而for则意为同意,为其反意词。Are you for or against the plan?age 误 He is twenty years old of age. 正 He is twenty. 正 He is twenty years old. 正 He is at the age of twenty. ago 误 Toms father has been dead five years ago. 正 Toms fath
11、er died five years ago. 析 ago意为由说话时算起,若干时间以前。它只能和一般动词过去时连用,而不要与完成时连用。误 Yesterday I met a friend. We didnt see each other for a long time since we left the college twenty years ago. 正 Yesterday I met a friend. We hadnt seen each other for a long time since we left the college twenty years ago. 析 要注意的
12、是在本句是ago是用在由since引起的从句之中,只是从句应用过去时,但不影响主句的时态。agree 误 Does the teacher agree to us?正 Does the teacher agree with us?误 Does he agree with our plan?正 Does he agree with us?析 agree with 指同意某人的提议、建议、计划等。如果要讲同意某项计划则要用agree to, 如:Do you agree to the plan?all 误 The old man has two sons. All of them are work
13、ers. 正 The old man has two sons. Both of them are workers. 析 all是指三者或以上的全部,而both则是指两者都。误 The all children are playing football now. 正 All the children are playing football now. 析 all作修饰词时其位置要在所有的修饰词之前,不论这些修饰词是定冠词、指示代词、形容词或名词,或代词的所有格。误 You all are right. 正 You are all right. 析 all作同位语时其位置要置于be动词之后,实意动词之前,如:The teachers all work hard. 或用于第一助动词之后,如:The boys have all been waiting for their mothers. almos
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