专题08阅读理解词义猜测题冲关真题训练备战高考英语大题冲关秘笈原卷Word下载.docx

1、5分钟 When a leafy plant is under attack, it doesnt sit quietly. Back in 1983, two scientists, Jack Schultz and Ian Baldwin, reported that young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a particular smell that neighboring plants can get. These chemicals come from the injured parts of the plant a

2、nd seem to be an alarm. What the plants pump through the air is a mixture of chemicals known as volatile organic compounds, VOCs for short. Scientists have found that all kinds of plants give out VOCs when being attacked .Its a plants way of crying out. But is anyone listening? Apparently. Because w

3、e can watch the neighbours react. Some plants pump out smelly chemicals to keep insects away. But others do double duty. They pump out perfumes designed to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers. Once they arrive, the tables are turned. The attacker who was lunching now b

4、ecomes lunch. In study after study, it appears that these chemical conversations help the neighbors .The damage is usually more serious on the first plant, but the neighbors, relatively speaking, stay safer because they heard the alarm and knew what to do.Does this mean that plants talk to each othe

5、r? Scientists dont know. Maybe the first plant just made a cry of pain or was sending a message to its own branches, and so, in effect, was talking to itself. Perhaps the neighbors just happened to “overhear” the cry. So information was exchanged, but it wasnt a true, intentional back and forth.Char

6、lesDarwin,over150yearsago,imaginedaworldfarbusier,noisierandmoreintimate（亲密的）thanthewecanseehear.Oursensesareweak.Thereswholelotgoingon.32.Whatdoesplantdowhenitisunderattack?A.Itmakesnoises. B.getshelpfromotherplants.C.standsquietly D.sendsoutcertainchemicals.33.authormeanby“thetablesturned”inparagr

7、aph3?Theattackersgetattacked.B.insectsgathertable.plantsreadytofightback.D.perfumesattractnaturalenemies.34.Scientists find from their studies that plants can .A. predict natural disasters B. protect themselves against insectsC. talk to one another intentionally D. help their neighbors when necessar

8、y35.what can we infer from the last paragraph?A. The world is changing faster than ever.B. People have stronger senses than beforeC. The world is more complex than it seemsD. People in Darwins time were imaginative.Passage 2（2017新课标卷III，C）美国黄石公园重新引进灰狼 2956分钟 After years of heated debate, gray wolves

9、 were reintroduced to Yellowstone National Park. Fourteen wolves were caught in Canada and transported to the park. By last year, the Yellowstone wolf population had grown to more than 170 wolves.Gray wolves once were seen here and there in the Yellowstone area and much of the continental United Sta

10、tes, but they were gradually displaced by human development. By the 1920s, wolves had practically disappeared from the Yellowstone area. They went farther north into the deep forests of Canada, where there were fewer humans around.The disappearance of the wolves had many unexpected results. Deer and

11、 elk populations major food sources （来源） for the wolf grew rapidly. These animals consumed large amounts of vegetation （植被）, which reduced plant diversity in the park. In the absence of wolves, coyote populations also grew quickly. The coyotes killed a large percentage of the parks red foxes, and co

12、mpletely drove away the parks beavers.As early as 1966, biologists asked the government to consider reintroducing wolves to Yellowstone Park. They hoped that wolves would be able to control the elk and coyote problems. Many farmers opposed the plan because they feared that wolves would kill their fa

13、rm animals or pets. The government spent nearly 30 years coming up with a plan to reintroduce the wolvers. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service carefully monitors and manages the wolf packs in Yellowstone. Today, the debate continues over how well the gray wolf is fitting in at Yellowstone. Elk, deer,

14、 and coyote populations are down, while beavers and red foxes have made a comeback. The Yellowstone wolf project has been a valuable experiment to help biologists decide whether to reintroduce wolves to other parts of the country as well.28. What is the text mainly about?A. Wildlife research in the

15、United States.B. Plant diversity in the Yellowstone area.C. The conflict between farmers and gray wolves.D. The reintroduction of wolves to Yellowstone Park.29. What does the underlined word displaced in paragraph 2 mean?A. Tested. B. Separated. C. Forced out. D. Tracked down.30. What did the disappear