1、延续性动词与非延续性动词及其转换动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。一.延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,如:learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。表示时间段的短语有: for+一段时间, 如 :for 2 years; since从句, 如 since he came here; since+过去时间点名词, 如 since last year, since 5 days ago
2、。例: Hehas livedherefor 6 years.You cankeepthe bookfor 5 days.二.非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词, 表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。 如:open, die, close, begin, finish, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy等。非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用,如:two years ago; at 5 oclock;例:Hedied5 yearsago.三.延续性动词与非延续性动词之间的转换:(考试重点,学生易错。)例: Heleftfive minutes
3、ago. = He hasbeen awayforfive minutes.这句话的意思是指他离开的动作是5分钟之前发生的,是过去时。也就是说从他离开到现在已经有五分钟了,这个动作是延续的,要用现在完成时,并且要把原来的短暂性动词改为延续性动词。 一些短暂性动词及相应的延续性动词:arrive(get to /reach) be here (in) begin(start) be ondie be dead come here(back)be here(back)leave be away (from) fall ill(sick, asleep)be ill(sick, asleep)get
4、 up be up go/ get out(there) be out(there)finish be over put on wear 或be onopen be open(keep sth open) join be in或 be a member of+组织机构close be closed go to school be a studentborrow keep buy/get have catch(a cold) have(a cold) get to know knowbegin to study study come to work workmove to live in finish/end be overcome to be in sit down be seatedmarry be married dress be dressedbecome be