英语四级全真模拟题及答案1文档格式.docx

1、3. 我的看法。提示:在实考试卷中,该试题在答题卡1上。Aid-Education in ChinaPart Reading prehension In this part,you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7,markYif the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;Nif the statement contra

2、dicts the information given in the passage;NGif the information is not given in the passage.For questions 8-10,plete the sentences with information given in the passage.Will We Run Out of Water?Picture a ghost ship sinking into the sand, left to rot on dry land by a receding sea. Then imagine dust s

3、torms sweeping up toxic pesticides and chemical fertilizers from the dry seabed and spewing them across towns and villages.Seem like a scene from a movie about the end of the world? For people living near the Aral sea in Central Asia, its all too real. Thirty years ago, government planners diverted

4、the rivers that flow into the sea in order to irrigate farmland. As a result, the sea has shrunk to half its original size, stranding ships on dry land. The seawater has tripled in salt content and bee polluted, killing all 24 native species of fish.Similar large-scale efforts to redirect water in o

5、ther parts of the world have also ended in ecological crisis, according to numerous environmental groups. But many countries continue to build massive dams and irrigation systems, even though such projects can create more problems than they fix. Why? People in many parts of the world are desperate f

6、or water, and more people will need more water in the next century.Growing populations will worsen problems with water, says Peter H.Gleick, an environmental scientist at the Pacific Institute for studies in Development, Environment, and Security, a research organization in California. He fears that

7、 by the year 2025, as many as one-third of the worlds projected 8.3 billion people will suffer from water shortages. WHERE WATER GOESOnly 2.5 percent of all water on Earth is freshwater, water suitable for drinking and growing food, says Sandra Postel, director of the Global Water Policy Project in

8、Amherst, Mass. Two-thirds of this freshwater is locked in glaciers and ice caps 冰盖. In fact, only a tiny percentage of freshwater is part of the water cycle, in which water evaporates and rises into the atmosphere, then condenses and falls back to Earth as precipitation . Some precipitation runs off

9、 land to lakes and oceans, and some bees groundwater, water that seeps into the earth. Much of this renewable freshwater ends up in remote places like the Amazon river basin in Brazil, where few people live. In fact, the worlds population has access to only 12,500 cubic kilometers of freshwaterabout

10、 the amount of water in Lake Superior. And people use half of this amount already. If water demand continues to climb rapidly, says Postel, there will be severe shortages and damage to the aquatic environment.CLOSE TO HOMEWater woes may seem remote to people living in rich countries like the United

11、States. But Americans could face serious water shortages, too especially in areas that rely on groundwater. Groundwater accumulates in aquifers ,layers of sand and gravel that lie between soil and bedrock. Although the United States has large aquifers, farmers, ranchers, and cities are tapping many

12、of them for water faster than nature can replenish it. In northwest Texas, for example, overpumping has shrunk groundwater supplies by 25 percent, according to Postel. Americans may face even more urgent problems from pollution. Drinking water in the United States is generally safe and meets high st

13、andards. Nevertheless, one in five Americans every day unknowingly drinks tap water contaminated with bacteria and chemical wastes, according to the Environmental Protection Agency. In Milwaukee, 400,000 people fell ill in 1993 after drinking tap water tainted with cryptosporidium ,a microbe that ca

14、uses fever, diarrhea and vomiting.THE SOURCEWhere so contaminants e from? In developing countries, people dump raw sewage into the same streams and rivers from which they draw water for drinking and cooking; about 250 million people a year get sick from water borne diseases.In developed countries, manufacturers use 100,000 chemical pounds to make a wide range of products.Toxic chemicals pollute water when released untreated into rivers and lakes. Certain pounds, such as