烤烟幼苗移栽技术研究Word文件下载.docx

1、并研究在贵州烟区的移栽时间节点安排，通过研究和试验分析及产质量对照，最终确定烤烟覆膜井窖式小苗栽培技术最佳的技术要点及规程。结果表明：直径在8-9厘米，深度为20厘米的圆锥形井窖是最适合烟苗成活的微环境；向井窖注入的定根水容量在140-160毫升对烤烟幼苗的成长最为有利；移植3叶和4叶的烤烟幼苗的生命力比较强；思南试验区的烤烟移植最佳时间是4月1日左右，松桃试验区烤烟烟苗的移植则是在4月5日左右为最佳，这段时间烤烟移植的成活率最高，而且移植的烤烟幼苗单株个体生命力最为强盛。 关键词：烤烟；覆膜；小苗；栽培AbstractCompared to our traditional tobacco p

2、lanting, tobacco field transplanting is always used in our country. The requirements for the way of flue-cured tobacco transplanting process temperature and rainfall are very strict. In other words ,tobacco transplanting method has been relied on the weather. Over-reliance on the local climate and e

3、nvironment, as opposed to our current changing environment and global warming, results that the flue-cured tobacco transplanting the quality and efficiency is not high. By chance, Guizhou tobacco-growing technician through the local rural storage principle of sweet potato cellar find that the flue-c

4、ured tobacco seedlings was able to survive, while it is earlier than normal tobacco seedlings transplanted 10 days. This time ,to solve the problem of tobacco planting was extremely important, because once you miss the best time for transplanting tobacco seedlings, it will have a very significant im

5、pact on the seedling growth and yield . However through the use of tobacco coated wells after pit-type seedlings cultivation techniques, the flue-cured tobacco seedlings in wells coated pits can be alive under the micro-environment. Meanwhile, set the depth of the well pit and inject some mixed solu

6、tion of water and fertilizer to ensure that seedling in the future could have been getting enough nutrients and moisture. This technique allows tobacco seedlings grow in a very suitable microenvironment to gain the advantages of this environment in survival. This kind of environment gains the seedli

7、ngs the growth need in congenital conditions after transplanting time, Also for the latter growth, it is very favorable.This passage focus on researching the assorted technique of flue-cured tobacco seedlings laminating in setting the parameter of the well cellar, including the depth and diameter of

8、 the well cellar, researching the volume of injected mixed solution of water and manure, researching the inborn quality requirement of smoke seedlings transplanting need, and researching the node schedule of transplanting time in GuiZhou tobacco-growing area , analyzing and contrasting of the output

9、 and quality, making sure the best technique points and rules of the assorted technique of flue-cured tobacco seedlings laminating. The results show that, the conical well cellar, with eight to night centimeters in the diameter and twenty centimeters in the depth, is the most suitable pit conical we

10、lls microenvironment for seedling to survive. The water flooding into the cellar well with the root of water capacity of 140-160 ml of Tobacco Seedlings is the most favorable growth. Tobacco seedling vitality which is transplanted three leaves and four leaf are vitality relatively strong. The best t

11、ime for tobacco transplanting in Sinan test area is around the April 1, and the April 5 or later is the best time for Songtao. Tobacco transplants take the highest survival rate around the time, furthermore, the flue-cured tobacco seedlings transplanted plant vitality is with the most powerful indiv

12、iduals.Keywords: tobacco; film; well pit type; cultivation目录第一章引言 41.1 研究的目的和意义 41.2 研究现状及发展趋势 51.3 研究要解决的问题及创新点 61.4 研究方法 61.5 烤烟覆膜井窖式小苗栽培技术简介 71.6 井窖式小苗移栽方法及步骤 71.7 烤烟覆膜井窖式小苗栽培技术要点 81.8 烤烟覆膜井窖式小苗栽培技术的优势所在 91.9 关于打孔器械的改良升级设计 111.9.1 最开始的简易打孔机 111.9.2 改良后的打孔机设计 111.9.3 机械化的打孔机设计 11第二章试验设计 132.1 试验设计

13、 132.1.1 试验烤烟的品种选择 132.1.2 试验设备 132.1.3 试验地区选择 142.1.4 试验对比内容 152.2 井窖规格大小试验 152.2.1 试验简介 152.2.2 试验安排 152.2.3 数据处理 162.3 定根水浇量试验 172.3.1 试验简介 172.3.2 试验安排 172.3.3 数据处理 172.4 幼苗素质试验 182.4.1 试验简介 182.4.2 试验安排 182.4.3 数据处理 182.5 移栽期试验 202.5.1 试验简介 202.5.2 试验安排 202.5.3 数据处理 20第三章结果与分析 223.1 井窖规格大小 223.

14、2 定根水浇量 233.3 幼苗素质 263.4 移栽期 29第四章研究结论 334.1 技术参数 254.1.1 井窖的大小 254.1.2 定根水的浓度以及用量 334.1.3 烟苗幼苗的素质要求 344.1.4 移植的时间 354.2 烤烟覆膜井窖式小苗栽培技术的应用 364.2.1 提前移栽 374.2.2 促进烟苗早生快发 374.2.3 能实现小苗深栽 304.2.4 降低病毒病的发生几率 304.2.5 降低成本和提质增效 314.3 小苗井窖式移栽各个阶段应关注的问题 324.3.1 种植密度和种植方式 404.3.2 移栽期 404.3.3 栽前准备 414.3.4 移栽方法 414.3.5 移栽注意事项 41参考文献 43附注一 47致谢 41作者简介 50第一章烤烟覆膜井窖式小苗栽培技术概论1.1 研究的目的和意义传统的覆盖移栽只能活土保肥，对移